JavaScript学习 - 基础(四) - 控制语句/异常处理
控制语句
if-else 语句
<script> //控制语句 //if-else格式: var x = 1 if(x==1){ console.log("this is if") }else if(x>1){ console.log("this is else if") }else { console.log("this else") } </script>
switch语句
<script> //switch语句 var x = 8; switch (x){ case 1:alert("this 1");break; case 2:alert("this 2");break; case 3:alert("this 3");break; case 4:alert("this 4");break; case 5:alert("this 5");break; case 6:alert("this 6");break; case 7:alert("this 7");break; default:alert("nothing") } </script>
for循环语句
<script> // for循环:for while // 基本格式: for(初始化;条件;增量){语句} for(i=1;i<100;i++){ document.write(i) document.write('<br>') } var x = [1,2,3,4,5,6] for(i=0;i<x.length;i++){ document.write(x[i]) document.write('<br>') } //不建议使用 var x = ['a','b','c','d'] for(i in x){ document.write('this i,输出:'+i); document.write('<br>'); document.write('this x[i],输出:'+x[i]); document.write('<br>'); document.write('----------------------'); document.write('<br>'); } // this i,输出:0 // this x[i],输出:a // ---------------------- // this i,输出:1 // this x[i],输出:b // ---------------------- // this i,输出:2 // this x[i],输出:c // ---------------------- // this i,输出:3 // this x[i],输出:d // ----------------------
<body>
<p>A</p>
<p>B</p>
<p>C</p>
<p>D</p>
<p>E</p>
<p>F</p>
<p>G</p>
</body>
//不建议使用的原因 var x2 = document.getElementsByTagName('p') for(i in x2) { document.write('this i,输出:' + i); document.write('<br>'); document.write('this x[i],输出:' + x2[i]); document.write('<br>'); document.write('----------------------'); document.write('<br>'); } // this i,输出:0 // this x[i],输出:[object HTMLParagraphElement] // ---------------------- // this i,输出:1 // this x[i],输出:[object HTMLParagraphElement] // ---------------------- // this i,输出:2 // this x[i],输出:[object HTMLParagraphElement] // ---------------------- // this i,输出:3 // this x[i],输出:[object HTMLParagraphElement] // ---------------------- // this i,输出:4 // this x[i],输出:[object HTMLParagraphElement] // ---------------------- // this i,输出:5 // this x[i],输出:[object HTMLParagraphElement] // ---------------------- // this i,输出:6 // this x[i],输出:[object HTMLParagraphElement] // ---------------------- // this i,输出:length // this x[i],输出:7 // ---------------------- // this i,输出:item // this x[i],输出:function item() { [native code] } // ---------------------- // this i,输出:namedItem // this x[i],输出:function namedItem() { [native code] } </script>
while循环语句
<script> //while 循环 var i=0;j=0; while(i<201){ j +=i i++; } document.write(j) </script>
异常处理
<script> //异常 //try{主程序}catch(异常){执行}finally{无论是否异常都执行} //主动抛出异常 throw Error("xxxx") try{ throw Error("报错了!!!") document.write("OK") } catch (e) { document.write("异常") } finally { document.write("OK and OK") } </script>
既要脚踏实地,也需仰望天空