实验1 现代C++编程初体验

任务1:

task1.cpp

// 现代C++标准库、算法库体验
// 本例用到以下内容:
// 1. 字符串string, 动态数组容器类vector、迭代器
// 2. 算法库:反转元素次序、旋转元素
// 3. 函数模板、const引用作为形参
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
// 声明
// 模板函数声明
template<typename T>
void output(const T &c);
// 普通函数声明
void test1();
void test2();
void test3();
int main() {
cout << "测试1: \n";
test1();
cout << "\n测试2: \n";
test2();
cout << "\n测试3: \n";
test3();
}
// 函数实现
// 输出容器对象c中的元素
template <typename T>
void output(const T &c) {
for(auto &i: c)
cout << i << " ";
cout << endl;
}
// 测试1
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、string反转字符串
void test1() {
string s0{"0123456789"};
cout << "s0 = " << s0 << endl;
string s1{s0};
reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end()); // 反转指定迭代器区间的元素
cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;
string s2{s0};
reverse_copy(s0.begin(), s0.end(), s2.begin()); // 将指定迭代区间的元素拷贝
到指定迭代器开始的目标区间,并且在复制过程中反转次序
cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl;
}
// 测试2
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector反转动态数组对象vector内数据
void test2() {
vector<int> v0{2, 0, 4, 9};
cout << "v0: ";
output(v0);
vector<int> v1{v0};
reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end());
cout << "v1: ";
output(v1);
vector<int> v2{v0};
reverse_copy(v0.begin(), v0.end(), v2.begin());
cout << "v2: ";
output(v2);
}
// 测试3
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector实现元素旋转移位
void test3() {
vector<int> v0{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
cout << "v0: ";
output(v0);
vector<int> v1{v0};
rotate(v1.begin(), v1.begin()+1, v1.end()); // 旋转指定迭代器区间
[v1.begin(), v1.end())之间的数据项,旋转后从迭代器v1.begin()+1位置的数据项开始
cout << "v1: ";
output(v1);
vector<int> v2{v0};
rotate(v2.begin(), v2.begin()+2, v2.end());
cout << "v2: ";
output(v2);
vector<int> v3{v0};
rotate(v3.begin(), v3.end()-1, v3.end());
cout << "v3: ";
output(v3);
vector<int> v4{v0};
rotate(v4.begin(), v4.end()-2, v4.end());
cout << "v4: ";
output(v4);
}
View Code

 

 

 

任务2:

task2.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
// 函数声明
// 模板函数声明
template<typename T>
void output(const T &c);
// 普通函数声明
int rand_int_100();
void test1();
void test2();
int main() {
cout << "测试1: \n";
test1();
cout << "\n测试2: \n";
test2();
}
// 函数实现
// 输出容器对象c中的元素
template <typename T>
void output(const T &c) {
for(auto &i: c)
cout << i << " ";
cout << endl;
}
// 返回[0, 100]区间内的一个随机整数
int rand_int_100() {
return rand() % 101;
}
// 测试1
// 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、排序
void test1() {
vector<int> v0(10); // 创建一个动态数组对象v0, 对象大小为10
generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); // 产生[0, 100]之间的随机整数
赋值给指定迭代器区间[v0.begin(), v0.end())内的每个数据项
cout << "v0: ";
output(v0);
vector<int> v1{v0};
sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())内数据
项进行升序排序
cout << "v1: ";
output(v1);
vector<int> v2{v0};
sort(v2.begin()+1, v2.end()-1); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin()+1,
v1.end()-1)内数据项进行升序排序
cout << "v2: ";
output(v2);
}
// 测试2
// 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、计算最大值/最小值/均值
void test2() {
vector<int> v0(10);
generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100);
cout << "v0: ";
output(v0);
auto iter1 = min_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
cout << "最小值: " << *iter1 << endl;
auto iter2 = max_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
cout << "最大值: " << *iter2 << endl;
auto ans = minmax_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
cout << "最小值: " << *(ans.first) << endl;
cout << "最大值: " << *(ans.second) << endl;
double avg1 = accumulate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), 0)/v0.size();
cout << "均值: " << fixed << setprecision(2) << avg1 << endl;
cout << endl;
vector<int> v1{v0};
cout << "v0: ";
output(v0);
sort(v1.begin(), v1.end());
double avg2 = accumulate(v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1, 0)/(v1.size()-2);
cout << "去掉最大值、最小值之后,均值: " << avg2 << endl;
}
View Code

 

 

任务3:

task3.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

bool is_palindrome(std::string s);

int main() {
    using namespace std;
    string s;

    while(cin >> s)  // 多组输入,直到按下Ctrl+Z后结束测试
        cout << boolalpha << is_palindrome(s) << endl;
}

bool is_palindrome(std::string s){
    bool boolalpha=true;
    int len=s.size();
    for(int i=0;i<len/2;i++){
        if(s[i]!=s[len-i-1]){
            boolalpha=false;
            return boolalpha;
        }

    }
}

// 函数is_palindrom定义
// 待补足
// ×××
View Code

 

 

 

任务4:

task4.cpp

 

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

std::string dec2n(int x, int n = 2);

int main() {
    using namespace std;

    int x;
    while (cin >> x) {
        cout << "十进制: " << x << endl;
        cout << "二进制: " << dec2n(x) << endl;
        cout << "八进制: " << dec2n(x, 8) << endl;
        cout << "十六进制: " << dec2n(x, 16) << endl << endl;
    }
}
std::string dec2n(int x, int n) {
    std::string t = "";
    if (x == 0) {
        t = '0';
    }
    if (n != 16) {
        while (x !=0) {
            t = std::to_string(x % n) + t;
            x = x / n;
        }
    }
    else {
        while (x!=0) {
            if (x % n >= 10) {
                t = char(x % n + 55) + t;
            }
            else {
                t = std::to_string(x % n) + t;
            }
            x = x / n;
        }
    }
    return t;
}


// 函数dec2n定义
// 待补足
// ×××
View Code

 

任务5:

task5.cpp

 

#include<iomanip>
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    string s1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
    string s2 = "ABCDEFGHIJKLNMOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    cout << "  ";
    for (int i = 0; i <= 26; i++) 
        cout << setw(2) << s1[i];
        cout << endl;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 26; i++)
    {
        cout << setw(2) << i;
        for (int j = 0; j < 26; j++){
            cout << setw(2) << s2[(j + i) % 26];
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << endl;
    return 0;
}
View Code

 

 

任务6:

task6.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime> 

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int a, b, c, good, count;
    good = 0;
    count = 1;
    while (count <=10) {
        srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
        int t = 1 + rand() % 4;
        a = 1 + rand() % 10;
        b = 1 + rand() % 10;
        if (t == 1) {
            cout << a << "+" << b << "=";
            cin >> c;
            if (a + b == c)
                good ++;
            count++;
        }
        else if (t == 2 && a > b) {
            cout << a << "-" << b << "=";
            cin >> c;
            if (a - b == c)
                good ++;
            count++;
        }
        else if (t == 3 && a % b == 0) {
            cout << a << "/" << b << "=";
            cin >> c;
            if (a / b == c)
                good ++;
            count++;
        }
        else if (t == 4) {
            cout << a << "*" << b << "=";
            cin >> c;
            if (a * b == c)
                good ++;
            count++;
        }
    }
    float rate;
    rate = good*10;
    cout << "正确率:" << rate << "%" << endl;
}
View Code

 

posted @ 2024-10-15 22:10  Altairsss  阅读(6)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报