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原文: http://www.tuicool.com/articles/MneeU3f
Based on the requests from many readers, I am now presenting an article on how to make CRUD operations using Spring MVC 4.0 RESTFul web services and AngularJS. I had already written few articles on Spring MVC 4.0 RESTFul Web Services in case you are new to this.
For the sake of best understanding, I came up with a small task manager AngularJS application powered by Spring MVC 4.0 RESTFul Web Services. With this application, you can list all existing tasks, create a new task, mark completion of an existing task and archive completed tasks. I had tried to keep it very simple as this is not for real time use but for the best understanding of the concept.
Prerequisites
-- MySql Server
-- Eclipse J2EE
-- Tomcat Server v7.0
1. Let us start by creating task table in MySql Server.
Execute the below commands in MySql Server. This will create a dedicated database for our application and will create a task_list table with dummy values to start with initially,
use taskmanager;
create table task_list(task_id int not null auto_increment, task_name varchar(100) not null, task_description text,task_priority varchar(20),task_status varchar(20),task_start_time datetime not null,task_end_time datetime not null,task_archived bool default false,primary key(task_id));
insert into task_list values(1,'Gathering Requirement','Requirement Gathering','MEDIUM','ACTIVE',curtime(),curtime() + INTERVAL 3 HOUR,0);
insert into task_list values(2,'Application Designing','Application Designing','MEDIUM','ACTIVE',curtime(),curtime() + INTERVAL 2 HOUR,0);
insert into task_list values(3,'Implementation','Implementation','MEDIUM','ACTIVE',curtime(),curtime() + INTERVAL 3 HOUR,0);
insert into task_list values(4,'Unit Testing','Unit Testing','LOW','ACTIVE',curtime(),curtime() + INTERVAL 4 HOUR,0);
insert into task_list values(5,'Maintanence','Maintanence','LOW','ACTIVE',curtime(),curtime() + INTERVAL 5 HOUR,0);
select * from task_list;
2. Download
-- Spring MVC 4.0 jar files from this maven repository here
.
-- Download latest version of jackson json library from her e
(1) jackson-annotations-x.x.x.jar
(2) jackson-core-x.x.x.jar
(3) jackson-databind-x.x.x.jar
-- Download mysql java connector library.
3. Create a dynamic web project in eclipse and add the above downloaded jar files to your application WEN-INF\lib folder.
4. Now edit web.xml file under WebContent folder to notify the application container about the spring configuration file. Add below code before </web-app>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>rest</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>rest</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
Note that in the above code,we have named Spring Dispatcher servlet class as "rest" and the url pattern is given as "/*" which means any uri with the root of this web application will call DispatcherServlet. So what's next? DispatcherServlet will look for configuration files following this naming convention - [servlet-name]-servlet.xml . In this example, I have named dispatcher servlet class as "rest" and hence it will look for file named 'rest-servlet.xml'.
5. Create a file under WEB-INF folder and name it as "rest-servlet.xml". Add below spring configuration code to it,
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.programmingfree.springservice.controller" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
</beans>
6. Create a Java class and name it "Task.java". This is the model class and it represents the fields of a single task in the database.
package com.programmingfree.springservice.domain;
public class Task {
private int task_id;
private String task_name;
private String task_description;
private String task_priority;
private String task_status;
public int getTaskId() {
return task_id;
}
public void setTaskId(int taskId) {
this.task_id = taskId;
}
public String getTaskName() {
return task_name;
}
public void setTaskName(String taskName) {
this.task_name = taskName;
}
public String getTaskDescription() {
return task_description;
}
public void setTaskDescription(String taskDescription) {
this.task_description = taskDescription;
}
public String getTaskPriority() {
return task_priority;
}
public void setTaskPriority(String taskPriority) {
this.task_priority = taskPriority;
}
public String getTaskStatus() {
return task_status;
}
public void setTaskStatus(String taskStatus) {
this.task_status = taskStatus;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Task [task_id=" + task_id + ", task_name=" + task_name
+ ", task_description=" + task_description + ", task_priority="
+ task_priority +",task_status="+task_status+ "]";
}
}
7. Create a utility class to handle connections to database. The connection string properties are kept in a configuration file called "db.properties" in the src folder.
package com.programmingfree.springservice.utility;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;
public class DBUtility {
private static Connection connection = null;
public static Connection getConnection() {
if (connection != null)
return connection;
else {
try {
Properties prop = new Properties();
InputStream inputStream = DBUtility.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("/config.properties");
prop.load(inputStream);
String driver = prop.getProperty("driver");
String url = prop.getProperty("url");
String user = prop.getProperty("user");
String password = prop.getProperty("password");
Class.forName(driver);
connection = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return connection;
}
}
}
Properties configuration file should have contents such as this,
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/databasename
user=username
password=xxxxxx
8. Create a service class that performs data access operations to get data from database,
package com.programmingfree.dao;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import com.programmingfree.springservice.domain.*;
import com.programmingfree.springservice.utility.DBUtility;
public class TaskManagerService {
private Connection connection;
public TaskManagerService() {
connection = DBUtility.getConnection();
}
public void addTask(Task task) {
try {
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection
.prepareStatement("insert into task_list(task_name,task_description,task_priority,task_status,task_archived,task_start_time,task_end_time) values (?, ?, ?,?,?,?,?)");
System.out.println("Task:"+task.getTaskName());
preparedStatement.setString(1, task.getTaskName());
preparedStatement.setString(2, task.getTaskDescription());
preparedStatement.setString(3, task.getTaskPriority());
preparedStatement.setString(4, task.getTaskStatus());
preparedStatement.setInt(5,0);
Date dt = new Date();
SimpleDateFormat sdf =
new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
String currentTime = sdf.format(dt);
preparedStatement.setString(6,currentTime);
preparedStatement.setString(7,currentTime);
preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void archiveTask(int taskId) {
try {
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection
.prepareStatement("update task_list set task_archived=true where task_id=?");
// Parameters start with 1
preparedStatement.setInt(1, taskId);
preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void updateTask(Task task) throws ParseException {
try {
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection
.prepareStatement("update task_list set task_name=?, task_description=?, task_priority=?,task_status=?" +
"where task_id=?");
preparedStatement.setString(1, task.getTaskName());
preparedStatement.setString(2, task.getTaskDescription());
preparedStatement.setString(3, task.getTaskPriority());
preparedStatement.setString(4, task.getTaskStatus());
preparedStatement.setInt(4, task.getTaskId());
preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void changeTaskStatus(int taskId,String status) throws ParseException {
try {
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection
.prepareStatement("update task_list set task_status=? where task_id=?");
preparedStatement.setString(1,status);
preparedStatement.setInt(2, taskId);
preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public List<task> getAllTasks() {
List<task> tasks = new ArrayList<task>();
try {
Statement statement = connection.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery("select * from task_list where task_archived=0");
while (rs.next()) {
Task task = new Task();
task.setTaskId(rs.getInt("task_id"));
task.setTaskName(rs.getString("task_name"));
task.setTaskDescription(rs.getString("task_description"));
task.setTaskPriority(rs.getString("task_priority"));
task.setTaskStatus(rs.getString("task_status"));
tasks.add(task);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return tasks;
}
public Task getTaskById(int taskId) {
Task task = new Task();
try {
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.
prepareStatement("select * from task_list where task_id=?");
preparedStatement.setInt(1, taskId);
ResultSet rs = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
if (rs.next()) {
task.setTaskId(rs.getInt("task_id"));
task.setTaskName(rs.getString("task_name"));
task.setTaskDescription(rs.getString("task_description"));
task.setTaskPriority(rs.getString("task_priority"));
task.setTaskStatus(rs.getString("task_status"));
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return task;
}
}
9. Create Spring Controller class that maps the incoming request to appropriate methods and returns response in json format. We are going to use @RestController annotation which has @Controller and @Responsebody annotated within itself.
package com.programmingfree.springservice.controller;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.programmingfree.dao.TaskManagerService;
import com.programmingfree.springservice.domain.Task;
@RestController
public class TaskManagerController {
TaskManagerService taskmanagerservice=new TaskManagerService();
@RequestMapping(value="/tasks",method = RequestMethod.GET,headers="Accept=application/json")
public List<task> getAllTasks() {
List<task> tasks=taskmanagerservice.getAllTasks();
return tasks;
}
@RequestMapping(value="/tasks/archive/{taskIds}",method = RequestMethod.POST,headers="Accept=application/json")
public List<task> archiveAllTasks(@PathVariable int[] taskIds) {
for(int i=0;i<taskids .length="" ask="" i="" list="" taskids="" taskmanagerservice.archivetask=""> tasks=taskmanagerservice.getAllTasks();
return tasks;
}
@RequestMapping(value="/tasks/{taskId}/{taskStatus}",method = RequestMethod.POST,headers="Accept=application/json")
public List<task> changeTaskStatus(@PathVariable int taskId,@PathVariable String taskStatus) throws ParseException {
taskmanagerservice.changeTaskStatus(taskId,taskStatus);
return taskmanagerservice.getAllTasks();
}
@RequestMapping(value="/tasks/insert/{taskName}/{taskDesc}/{taskPriority}/{taskStatus}",method = RequestMethod.POST,headers="Accept=application/json")
public List<task> addTask(@PathVariable String taskName,@PathVariable String taskDesc,@PathVariable String taskPriority,@PathVariable String taskStatus) throws ParseException {
Task task = new Task();
task.setTaskName(taskName);
task.setTaskDescription(taskDesc);
task.setTaskPriority(taskPriority);
task.setTaskStatus(taskStatus);
taskmanagerservice.addTask(task);
return taskmanagerservice.getAllTasks();
}
}
Let us now take a closer look into the methods we have in the Spring Controller class.
-- Initially we use getAllTasks () method to fetch all tasks from database. This will fetch all tasks that are not archived (task_archived = '0').
-- Then we give an option to the user via archiveTasks() method, to archive all completed tasks so that it won't show up on the dashboard. For this purpose, we have a field in task_list table called 'task_archived' with values 0 or 1 marking whether a task is archived or not.
-- An option to update the status of a task from 'ACTIVE' to 'COMPLETED' or vice-versa is provided in the changeStatus() method
-- AddTask() method enables one to add a new task to the database.
10. Let us now create the jsp file that sends requests to the Spring controller to fetch data and to update data in the server,
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html ng-app="taskManagerApp">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>AngularJS Task Manager</title>
<script data-require="angular.js@*" data-semver="1.2.13" src="http://code.angularjs.org/1.2.13/angular.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./js/app.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div ng-controller="taskManagerController">
<div id="task-panel" class="fadein fadeout showpanel panel" ng-show="toggle">
<div class="panel-heading">
<i class="panel-title-icon fa fa-tasks"></i>
<span class="panel-title">Recent Tasks</span>
<div class="panel-heading-controls">
<button ng-click="toggle = !toggle" >Add New Task</button>
<button confirmed-click="archiveTasks()" ng-confirm-click="Would you like to archive completed tasks?">Clear completed tasks</button>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div ng-repeat="task in tasks">
<span>
{{task.taskPriority}}
</span>
<div>
<input id="{{task.taskId}}" type="checkbox" value="{{task.taskId}}" ng-checked="selection.indexOf(task.taskId) > -1" ng-click="toggleSelection(task.taskId)" />
<label for="{{task.taskId}}"></label>
</div>
<div ng-if="task.taskStatus=='COMPLETED'">
<a href="#" class="checkedClass">
{{task.taskName}}
<span class="action-status">{{task.taskStatus}}</span>
</a>
</div>
<div ng-if="task.taskStatus=='ACTIVE'">
<a href="#" class="uncheckedClass">
{{task.taskName}}
<span class="action-status">{{task.taskStatus}}</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="add-task-panel" ng-hide="toggle">
<div>
<span>Add Task</span>
<div>
<button ng-click="toggle = !toggle">Show All Tasks</button>
</div>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<table>
<tr>
<td>Task Name:</td>
<td><input type="text" ng-model="taskName"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Task Description:</td>
<td><input type="text" ng-model="taskDesc"/></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Task Status:</td>
<td>