Python自学笔记2-语法
这里介绍Python的基本语法和编程风格。
Python的保留字(如下表,不能以这些名字给函数或变量命名)
and | exec | not |
assert | finally | or |
break | for | pass |
class | from | |
continue | global | raise |
def | if | return |
del | import | try |
elif | in | while |
else | is | with |
except | lambda | yield |
Python的代码不用括号区分结构,而是用空格。创建一块代码,需要四个空格,通常也就是按一个tab键。
例如:
def
bar(x):
if
x
==
0:
foo()
else:
foobar(x)
Python是动态语言,不需要在定义变量时,声明变量的类型。例如:
1
2
3
|
x
=
2
y
=
"Hello
World"
z
=
-3
|
可以利用type()方法查看变量类型:
print
type(x)
会输出 <class 'int'>,变量为整数型
Python对空格有严格要求,不能用tab键,像如下一样对齐代码:
x =
2
sentence
=
"Hello
World"
variable_z
=
-3
可以用一个空格隔开
2
3
|
x
=
2
sentence
=
"Hello
World"
variable_z
=
-3
|
2
3
|
x
=
2
sentence
=
"Hello
World"
variable_z
=
-3
|
1
2
3
|
#
这里是单行注释,不会执行
x
=
3
y
=
2
|
2
|
|
2
3
4
5
|
'''
这里是多
行注释
'''
x
=
3
y
=
2
|
2
3
|
x
=
2
sentence
=
"Hello
World"
variable_z
=
-3
|
2
3
4
5
|
'''
This is a
multi-line
Python
comment.
'''
x
=
3
y
=
2
|