7. EF Core 导航属性配置

一、多导航属性配型

在 Post 类中,可能需要跟踪是文章的创建者和最后编辑者,下面是 Post 类的两个新的导航属性。
1、设置导航属性方式
public class Post
{
   public int PostId { get; set; }
   public string Title { get; set; }
   public string Content { get; set; }
   public User Author { get; set; }
   public User Contributor { get; set; }
}

public class User
{
   public string UserId { get; set; }
   public string FirstName { get; set; }
   public string LastName { get; set; }

   [InverseProperty(nameof(Post.Author))] //设置反转导航属性
    public List<Post> AuthoredPosts { get; set; }
    [InverseProperty(nameof(Post.Contributor))] //设置反转导航属性
     public List<Post> ContributedToPosts { get; set; } 
}

 

在Post类设置反转导航属性也可以

public class Post
{
   public int PostId { get; set; }
   public string Title { get; set; }
   public string Content { get; set; }

[InverseProperty(nameof(User.AuthoredPosts))]   
public User Author { get; set; }
[InverseProperty(nameof(User.ContributedToPosts))]   
public User Contributor { get; set; } } public class User {   public string UserId { get; set; }   public string FirstName { get; set; }   public string LastName { get; set; }   public List<Post> AuthoredPosts { get; set; } public List<Post> ContributedToPosts { get; set; } }

 Post表会默认生成:“导航属性名Id” 的外键  AuthorId,ContributorId

 

2.ForeignKeyAttribute方式设置
public class Post
{
    public int PostId { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }
    public string Content { get; set; }
    public User Author { get; set; }
    public User Contributor { get; set; }
}

public class User
{
    public string UserId { get; set; }
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }

    public User Author { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("AuthorID")]
    public string ContributorID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("ContributorID")]
    public User Contributor { get; set; }
}

3.Fluent API方式

modelBuilder.Entity<Post>().HasOne(p => p.Author).WithMany(u=>u.AuthoredPosts).HasForeignKey("AuthorId");
modelBuilder.Entity<Post>().HasOne(p => p.Contributor).WithMany(u => u.ContributedToPosts);

二、Fluent API显示设置外键

1、显示设置外键

referenceCollectionBuilder.HasForeignKey(p => p.BlogForeignKey);
modelBuilder.Entity<Car>().HasKey(c => new { c.State, c.LicensePlate });  //复合主键设置
referenceCollectionBuilder.HasFoHasForeignKey(s => new { s.CarState, s.CarLicensePlate }) //设置有复合主键表的外键,依赖主体要定义CarState,CarLicensePlate 这两个复合主键的属性字段
referenceCollectionBuilder.HasForeignKey("BlogId");

 2、显式设置外键关联主体主键之外的键,通过 HasPrincipalKey 配置

modelBuilder.Entity<Post>().HasOne(p => p.Blog).WithMany(b => b.Posts).HasForeignKey(p 
=> p.BlogUrl).HasPrincipalKey(b => b.Url); //Post表BlogUrl字段是外键,关联Blog表Url字段
modelBuilder.Entity<Post>().HasOne(p => p.Blog).WithMany(b => b.Posts).HasForeignKey(p 
=> new { p.BlogUrl, p.BlogState }).HasPrincipalKey(b => new { b.Url, b.State });

 

三、一对一关系:一对一关系两端都是引用导航属性,无法判断那个作为主体实体,推荐显式指定外键属性

1、数据注解方式

public class Blog
{
 public int BlogId { get; set; }
 public string Url { get; set; }
 public BlogImage BlogImage { get; set; }
}
public class BlogImage
{
   public int BlogImageId { get; set; }
   public byte[] Image { get; set; }
   public string Caption { get; set; }
  
public int BlogId { get; set; } //显示指定外键属性,设置在Blog端也可以   public Blog Blog { get; set; } }

2、Fluent API方式:使用 HasOne 和 WithOne 方法

modelBuilder.Entity<Blog>().HasOne(p => p.BlogImage).WithOne(i => i.Blog).HasForeignKey<BlogImage>(b => b.BlogForeignKey);  //HasForeignKey<BlogImage>指定设置外键那一端

 

四、多对多:关系型数据库中不支持多对多的映射,通过建立中间表连接,使用一对多的方式模拟多对多关系

public class Post
{
   public int PostId { get; set; }
   public string Title { get; set; }
   public string Content { get; set; }
   public List<PostTag> PostTags { get; set; }
}
public class Tag {   public string TagId { get; set; }   public List<PostTag> PostTags { get; set; } }  

//中间表
public class PostTag {   public int PostId { get; set; }   public Post Post { get; set; }   public string TagId { get; set; }   public Tag Tag { get; set; } } class MyContext : DbContext {   public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }   public DbSet<Tag> Tags { get; set; }   protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)   {     modelBuilder.Entity<PostTag>()     .HasKey(t => new { t.PostId, t.TagId }); //设置中间表主键
    modelBuilder.Entity
<PostTag>()     .HasOne(pt => pt.Post)     .WithMany(p => p.PostTags)     .HasForeignKey(pt => pt.PostId);
    modelBuilder.Entity
<PostTag>()     .HasOne(pt => pt.Tag)     .WithMany(t => t.PostTags)     .HasForeignKey(pt => pt.TagId);   } }

 五、自引用关系: 依赖关系和主体实体类型相同的关系

1.模型定义

  public class PictureCategory 
  { [Key] [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]
public int CategoryId { get; private set; } public string Name { get; set; } public int? ParentCategoryId { get; private set; }public virtual PictureCategory ParentCategory { get; set; } //没有virtual关键字,这会导致导航属性不能加载 public virtual List<PictureCategory> Subcategories { get; set; } }

2.FluentAPI配置:在EFCore Context中重写方法OnModelCreating配置双向关联(ParentCategory 和 SubCategories)

        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder) {
            base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
            modelBuilder.Entity<PictureCategory>()
            .WithMany(cat => cat.SubCategories)
            .HasOne(cat => cat.ParentCategory)
       .HasForeignKey(cat=>cat.ParentCategoryId);
        }

 

posted @ 2020-02-12 19:26  前线码农  阅读(2202)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报