jQuery调用ASP.NET的WebService

经常需要使用客户端脚本调用net的WebService,比较常用的是在ScriptManager脚本管理器的环境下使用回调调用WebService的方法,可是这些必须在aspx的页面中进行,难免有些限制。

   jQuery库是我们比较常用的JavaScript库,入门简单,功能强大,对Ajax的支持比较友好。使用jQuery调用net的WebService也是经常遇到的。现将常见调用类型总结如下:

   1、环境

        jQuery 1.3.2

        .net framework 2.0

        Asp.net ajax 1.0

   2、后台WebService的代码

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using System;  
using System.Collections;  
using System.Linq;  
using System.Web;  
using System.Web.Services;  
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;  
using System.Xml.Linq;  
using System.Text;  
using System.Collections.Generic;  
using System.Data;  
 
/// <summary>  
///WebService 的摘要说明  
/// </summary>  
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]  
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]  
//若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务,请取消对下行的注释。   
[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]  
public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService  
{  
 
    public WebService()  
    {  
 
        //如果使用设计的组件,请取消注释以下行   
        //InitializeComponent();   
    }  
    [WebMethod]  
    public string HelloWorld()  
    {  
        return "Hello World";  
    }  
    [WebMethod]  
    public string HelloWorld(string userName)  
    {  
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();  
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)  
        {  
            sb.AppendLine("<del>Hello World "+i+"<br /></del>");  
        }  
 
        return sb.ToString();  
    }  
    [WebMethod]  
    public StudentInfo GetClass()  
    {  
        StudentInfo s = new StudentInfo();  
        s.StuName = "Accp 4.0";  
        s.Id = 1;  
        return s;  
    }  
    [WebMethod]  
    public List<StudentInfo> GetList()  
    {  
        return (new StudentInfo()).GetList();  
    }  
    [WebMethod]  
    public DataSet GetDataSet()  
    {  
        return (new StudentInfo()).GetDataSet();  
    }  

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Services;
using System.Web.Services.Protocols;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;

/// <summary>
///WebService 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[WebService(Namespace = "http://tempuri.org/")]
[WebServiceBinding(ConformsTo = WsiProfiles.BasicProfile1_1)]
//若要允许使用 ASP.NET AJAX 从脚本中调用此 Web 服务,请取消对下行的注释。
[System.Web.Script.Services.ScriptService]
public class WebService : System.Web.Services.WebService
{

    public WebService()
    {

        //如果使用设计的组件,请取消注释以下行
        //InitializeComponent();
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public string HelloWorld()
    {
        return "Hello World";
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public string HelloWorld(string userName)
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
        {
            sb.AppendLine("<del>Hello World "+i+"<br /></del>");
        }

        return sb.ToString();
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public StudentInfo GetClass()
    {
        StudentInfo s = new StudentInfo();
        s.StuName = "Accp 4.0";
        s.Id = 1;
        return s;
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public List<StudentInfo> GetList()
    {
        return (new StudentInfo()).GetList();
    }
    [WebMethod]
    public DataSet GetDataSet()
    {
        return (new StudentInfo()).GetDataSet();
    }
}

 

   WebService中使用的实体类

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using System;  
using System.Data;  
using System.Configuration;  
using System.Linq;  
using System.Web;  
using System.Web.Security;  
using System.Web.UI;  
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;  
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;  
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;  
using System.Xml.Linq;  
using System.Collections.Generic;  
 
/// <summary>  
///StudentInfo 的摘要说明  
/// </summary>  
public class StudentInfo  
{  
    public StudentInfo()  
    {  
    }  
    private string m_stuName;  
 
    public string StuName  
    {  
        get { return m_stuName; }  
        set { m_stuName = value; }  
    }  
    private int m_id;  
 
    public int Id  
    {  
        get { return m_id; }  
        set { m_id = value; }  
    }  
    public DataSet GetDataSet()  
    {  
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();  
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();  
        dt.Columns.Add("Name");  
        dt.Columns.Add("Id");  
 
        for (int i = 0; i < 55; i++)  
        {  
            DataRow row = dt.NewRow();  
            row["Name"] = "Hello World" + i;  
            row["Id"] = i;  
 
            dt.Rows.Add(row);  
        }  
        ds.Tables.Add(dt);  
 
        return ds;  
    }  
    public List<StudentInfo> GetList()  
    {  
        List<StudentInfo> list = new List<StudentInfo>();  
        for (int i = 0; i < 55; i++)  
        {  
            StudentInfo s = new StudentInfo();  
            s.StuName = "Hello World" + i;  
            s.Id = i;  
 
            list.Add(s);  
        }  
        return list;  
    }  

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;

/// <summary>
///StudentInfo 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
public class StudentInfo
{
    public StudentInfo()
    {
    }
    private string m_stuName;

    public string StuName
    {
        get { return m_stuName; }
        set { m_stuName = value; }
    }
    private int m_id;

    public int Id
    {
        get { return m_id; }
        set { m_id = value; }
    }
    public DataSet GetDataSet()
    {
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();
        dt.Columns.Add("Name");
        dt.Columns.Add("Id");

        for (int i = 0; i < 55; i++)
        {
            DataRow row = dt.NewRow();
            row["Name"] = "Hello World" + i;
            row["Id"] = i;

            dt.Rows.Add(row);
        }
        ds.Tables.Add(dt);

        return ds;
    }
    public List<StudentInfo> GetList()
    {
        List<StudentInfo> list = new List<StudentInfo>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 55; i++)
        {
            StudentInfo s = new StudentInfo();
            s.StuName = "Hello World" + i;
            s.Id = i;

            list.Add(s);
        }
        return list;
    }
}
 

   3、前台显示页面调用

        这里前台页面使用htm页面来进行测试。

       1、无参数调用

         $(document).ready(function() {
            $('#Button1').click(function() {
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",   //访问WebService使用Post方式请求
                    contentType: "application/json", //WebService 会返回Json类型
                    url: "../WebService.asmx/HelloWorld", //调用WebService的地址和方法名称组合---WsURL/方法名
                    data: "{}",         //这里是要传递的参数,格式为 data: "{paraName:paraValue}",下面将会看到      
                    dataType: 'json',
                    success: function(result) {     //回调函数,result,返回值

                           alert(result.d);
                     }
                });

              });

          });

      2、带参数的调用

        

         $(document).ready(function() {
            $('#Button1').click(function() {
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",   //访问WebService使用Post方式请求
                    contentType: "application/json", //WebService 会返回Json类型
                    url: "../WebService.asmx/HelloWorld", //调用WebService的地址和方法名称组合---WsURL/方法名
                    data: "{userName:'alpha'}",
                    dataType: 'json',
                    success: function(result) {     //回调函数,result,返回值

                           alert(result.d);
                    }
                });

              });

          });

      3、返回复合类型        

         $(document).ready(function() {
            $('#Button1').click(function() {
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",   //访问WebService使用Post方式请求
                    contentType: "application/json", //WebService 会返回Json类型
                    url: "../WebService.asmx/GetClass", //调用WebService的地址和方法名称组合---WsURL/方法名
                    data: "{}",
                    dataType: 'json',
                    success: function(result) {     //回调函数,result,返回值

                           alert(result.d["StuName"]);
                    }
                });

              });

          });

      4、返回泛型集合        

         $(document).ready(function() {
            $('#Button1').click(function() {
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",   //访问WebService使用Post方式请求
                    contentType: "application/json", //WebService 会返回Json类型
                    url: "../WebService.asmx/GetList", //调用WebService的地址和方法名称组合---WsURL/方法名
                    data: "{}",
                    dataType: 'json',
                    success: function(result) {     //回调函数,result,返回值

                           $(result.d).each(function(){
                                $("#result").append(this["Id"]+" "+this["StuName"]+"<br />");
                            });                   

                     }
                 });

              });

          });

      5、返回DataSet(xml格式)

         $(document).ready(function() {
            $('#Button1').click(function() {
                $.ajax({
                    type: "POST",   //访问WebService使用Post方式请求
                    url: "../WebService.asmx/GetDataSet", //调用WebService的地址和方法名称组合---WsURL/方法名
                    data: "{}",
                    dataType: "xml",
                    success: function(result) {     //回调函数,result,返回值

                            $(result).find("Table1").each(function() {
                                $('#result').append($(this).find("Id").text() + " " + $(this).find("Name").text()+"<br />");
                            });               

                     }
                 });

              });

          });

     

      显示动画效果

      $(document).ready(function(){

            $('#loading').ajaxStart(function() {
                $(this).show();
            }).ajaxStop(function() {
                $(this).hide();
            });

      });

  

      HTML代码部分

     <input id="Button1" type="button" value="Invoke" />
     <div id="result">
        <img id="loading" style="display: none;" alt="loading" src="../images/loading.gif" />
     </div>

 

posted @ 2010-12-20 13:16  Aaron.Wu  阅读(324)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报