笔记一：搭建一个简单的Spring+hibernate+struts2项目
最近在学习用struts+spring+hibernate来做开发，把学习过程记录一下，以便以后回顾：
整个项目搭建完成的结构如图:
下面是搭建过程：
第一步、新建一个employeeMgmt的web项目
第二步、导入spring相关jar包、hibernate相关jar包、struts相关jar包，还有整合log4j的jar包、以及数据库所用的jar包，jar包结构如图：
第三步、
（1）.在src根目录下新建applicationContext.xml文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd" > </beans>
（2）.在src根目录下新建struts.xml文件
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 2 <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC 3 "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" 4 "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
（3）.在src根目录下新建jdbc.properties属性文件,我用的是Oracle数据库,等号左边的名字可以自定义，没有固定格式。
jdbc.driverClass=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:IP:端口号:数据库全局名 jdbc.username=用户名 jdbc.password=密码
（4）.在src根目录下新建log4j.properties日志文件
### set log levels ### log4j.rootLogger = info , Console , D #Console log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.Console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet=INFO log4j.logger.org.apache=INFO log4j.logger.java.sql.Connection=INFO log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement=INFO log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement=INFO #output2file log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender log4j.appender.D.File = D\:/logs/log.log log4j.appender.D.Append = true log4j.appender.D.Threshold = INFO \#\# \u00E8\u00BE\u0093\u00E5\u0087\u00BAinfo\u00E7\u00BA\u00A7\u00E5\u0088\u00AB\u00E4\u00BB\u00A5\u00E4\u00B8\u008A\u00E7\u009A\u0084\u00E6\u0097\u00A5\u00E5\u00BF\u0097 log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss} [ %t\:%r ] - [ %p ] %m%n
第四步、配置web.xml中的spring的监听和struts的拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <filter> <filter-name>struts</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <display-name></display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
第五步、在domain包下新建两个实体类和两个映射文件
（1）部门实体类
package com.moocer.employee.domian; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Set; //部门的实体 public class Department { private Integer did; private String dname; private String ddesc; //部门的员工集合 private Set<Employee> employees = new HashSet<Employee>(); public Integer getDid() { return did; } public void setDid(Integer did) { this.did = did; } public String getDname() { return dname; } public void setDname(String dname) { this.dname = dname; } public String getDdesc() { return ddesc; } public void setDdesc(String ddesc) { this.ddesc = ddesc; } public Set<Employee> getEmployees() { return employees; } public void setEmployees(Set<Employee> employees) { this.employees = employees; } }
（2）员工实体类
package com.moocer.employee.domian; import java.util.Date; //员工的实体 public class Employee { private Integer eid; private String ename; private String sex; private Date birthday; private Date joinDate; private String eno; private String username; private String password; //员工所属部门 private Department department; public Integer getEid() { return eid; } public void setEid(Integer eid) { this.eid = eid; } public String getEname() { return ename; } public void setEname(String ename) { this.ename = ename; } public String getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(String sex) { this.sex = sex; } public Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } public Date getJoinDate() { return joinDate; } public void setJoinDate(Date joinDate) { this.joinDate = joinDate; } public String getEno() { return eno; } public void setEno(String eno) { this.eno = eno; } public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } public Department getDepartment() { return department; } public void setDepartment(Department department) { this.department = department; } }
（3）部门映射文件Department.hbm.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 3 "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" 4 "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> 5 <hibernate-mapping> 6 <class name="com.moocer.employee.domian.Department" table="t_department"> 7 <id name="did" column="did"> 8 <generator class="native"/> 9 </id> 10 <property name="dname" column="dname" length="20"/> 11 <property name="ddesc" column="ddesc" length="100"/> 12 <!-- 关联关系映射 一对多 --> 13 <set name="employees"> 14 <key column="dno"/> 15 <one-to-many class="com.moocer.employee.domian.Employee"/> 16 </set> 17 </class> 18 </hibernate-mapping>
（4）员工映射文件Employee.hbm.xml
1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 2 <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 3 "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" 4 "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> 5 <hibernate-mapping> 6 <class name="com.moocer.employee.domian.Employee" table="t_employee"> 7 <id name="eid" column="eid"> 8 <generator class="native"/> 9 </id> 10 <property name="ename" column="ename" length="20"/> 11 <property name="sex" column="sex" length="10"/> 12 <property name="birthday" column="birthday"/> 13 <property name="joinDate" column="joinDate"/> 14 <property name="eno" column="eno" length="20"/> 15 <property name="username" column="usrename" length="20"/> 16 <property name="password" column="password" length="20"/> 17 18 <!-- 关联关系映射 多对一 --> 19 <many-to-one name="department" class="com.moocer.employee.domian.Department" column="dno"/> 20 </class> 21 </hibernate-mapping>
引入
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
头部，这个段代码可以在hibernate3.jar的核心文件中的最后找到找到，如下图：
第六步、配置配置文件
（1）配置applicationContext.xml文件
在原有基础上加下如下代码：
1 <!-- 引入外部属性文件 --> 2 <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> 3 4 <!-- 配置连接池 c3po--> 5 <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> 6 <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/> 7 <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> 8 <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/> 9 <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/> 10 </bean> 11 12 <!-- 配置hibernate的相关属性 --> 13 <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 14 <!-- 连接池的注入 --> 15 <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> 16 <!-- 配置hibernate的属性 --> 17 <property name="hibernateProperties"> 18 <props> 19 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</prop> 20 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> 21 <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> 22 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> 23 </props> 24 </property> 25 <!-- 配置hibernate的映射文件 --> 26 <property name="mappingResources"> 27 <list> 28 <value>com/moocer/employee/domian/Department.hbm.xml</value> 29 <value>com/moocer/employee/domian/Employee.hbm.xml</value> 30 </list> 31 </property> 32 </bean> 33 34 <!-- action交由spring管理， 35 配置action 因为spring默认是单例的，所以要加上scope=“protoype”--> 36 37 <!-- 配置业务层的类 --> 38 39 <!-- 配置DAO的类 --> 40 41 <!-- 配置事务管理 --> 42 <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 43 <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> 44 </bean> 45 46 <!-- 开启注解事物 --> 47 <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
（2）struts.xml中加入如下代码
1 <struts> 2 <package name="moocer" extends="struts-default" namespace="/"> 3 4 </package> 5 </struts>
第七步、把工程发布到Tomcat上部署，我的是7，启动Tomcat
此时查看数据库会发现
t_department部门表和t_employee表已经建好，搭建结束。
