实验5
task1
publisher.hpp
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::string;
// 发行/出版物类：Publisher （抽象类）
class Publisher {
public:
Publisher(const string &s = ""); // 构造函数
public:
virtual void publish() const = 0; // 纯虚函数，作为接口继承
virtual void use() const = 0; // 纯虚函数，作为接口继承
protected:
string name; // 发行/出版物名称
};
Publisher::Publisher(const string &s): name {s} {
}
// 图书类: Book
class Book: public Publisher {
public:
Book(const string &s = "", const string &a = ""); // 构造函数
public:
void publish() const override; // 接口
void use() const override; // 接口
private:
string author; // 作者
};
Book::Book(const string &s, const string &a): Publisher{s}, author{a} {
}
void Book::publish() const {
cout << "Publishing book: 《" << name << "》 by " << author << endl;
}
void Book::use() const {
cout << "Reading book: " << name << " by " << author << endl;
}
// 电影类: Film
class Film: public Publisher {
public:
Film(const string &s = "", const string &d = ""); // 构造函数
public:
void publish() const override; // 接口
void use() const override; // 接口
private:
string director; // 导演
};
Film::Film(const string &s, const string &d): Publisher{s}, director{d} {
}
void Film::publish() const {
cout << "Publishing film: <" << name << "> directed by " << director << endl;
}
void Film::use() const {
cout << "Watching film: " << name << " directed by " << director << endl;
}
// 音乐类：Music
class Music: public Publisher {
public:
Music(const string &s = "", const string &a = "");
public:
void publish() const override; // 接口
void use() const override; // 接口
private:
string artist; // 音乐艺术家名称
};
Music::Music(const string &s, const string &a): Publisher{s}, artist{a} {
}
void Music::publish() const {
cout << "Publishing music <" << name << "> by " << artist << endl;
}
void Music::use() const {
cout << "Listening to music: " << name << " by " << artist << endl;
}
task1.cpp
#include "publisher.hpp"
#include <vector>
#include <typeinfo>
using std::vector;
void test() {
vector<Publisher *> v;
v.push_back(new Book("Harry Potter", "J.K. Rowling"));
v.push_back(new Film("The Godfather", "Francis Ford Coppola"));
v.push_back(new Music("Blowing in the wind", "Bob Dylan"));
for(auto &ptr: v) {
cout << "pointer type: " << typeid(ptr).name() << endl; // 输出指针类型
cout << "RTTI type: " << typeid(*ptr).name() << endl; // 输出指针指向的对象类型
ptr->publish();
ptr->use();
cout << endl;
}
}
int main() {
test();
}
task2
book.hpp
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using std::string;
using std::ostream;
using std::endl;
using std::setw;
using std::left;
class Book {
public:
Book(const string &name, const string &author, const string &translator, const string &isbn, float price);
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Book &book);
private:
string name; // 书名
string author; // 作者
string translator; // 译者
string isbn; // isbn号
float price; // 定价
};
// 成员函数实现
Book::Book(const string &name, const string &author, const string &translator, const string &isbn, float price) {
this->name = name;
this->author = author;
this->translator = translator;
this->isbn = isbn;
this->price = price;
}
// 友元实现
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const Book &book) {
out << left;
out << setw(15) << "书名:" << book.name << endl
<< setw(15) << "作者:" << book.author << endl
<< setw(15) << "译者:" << book.translator << endl
<< setw(15) << "ISBN:" << book.isbn << endl
<< setw(15) << "定价:" << book.price;
return out;
}
booksale.hpp
#pragma once
#include "book.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <iomanip>
using std::string;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::setw;
class BookSale {
public:
BookSale(const Book &b, float price, int amount);
int get_amount() const;
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const BookSale &item);
private:
Book rb;
float sales_price; // 售价
int sales_amount; // 销售数量
float revenue; // 营收
};
// 成员函数实现
BookSale::BookSale(const Book &b, float price, int amount): rb{b}, sales_price(price), sales_amount{amount} {
revenue = sales_amount * sales_price;
}
int BookSale::get_amount() const {
return sales_amount;
}
// 友元函数实现
ostream& operator<<(ostream &out, const BookSale &item) {
out << left;
out << item.rb << endl
<< setw(15) << "售价:" << item.sales_price << endl
<< setw(15) << "销售数量:" << item.sales_amount << endl
<< setw(15) << "营收:" << item.revenue;
return out;
}
task2.cpp
#include "booksale.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
// 按图书销售数额比较
bool compare_by_amount(const BookSale &x1, const BookSale &x2) {
return x1.get_amount() > x2.get_amount();
}
void test() {
using namespace std;
vector<BookSale> sales_lst; // 存放图书销售记录
int books_number;
cout << "录入图书数量: ";
cin >> books_number;
cout << "录入图书销售记录" << endl;
for(int i = 0; i < books_number; ++i) {
string name, author, translator, isbn;
float price;
cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i+1 << "本图书信息录入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
cout << "录入书名: "; cin >> name;
cout << "录入作者: "; cin >> author;
cout << "录入译者: "; cin >> translator;
cout << "录入isbn: "; cin >> isbn;
cout << "录入定价: "; cin >> price;
Book book(name, author, translator, isbn, price);
float sales_price;
int sales_amount;
cout << "录入售价: "; cin >> sales_price;
cout << "录入销售数量: "; cin >> sales_amount;
BookSale record(book, sales_price, sales_amount);
sales_lst.push_back(record);
}
// 按销售册数排序
sort(sales_lst.begin(), sales_lst.end(), compare_by_amount);
// 按销售册数降序输出图书销售信息
cout << string(20, '=') << "图书销售统计" << string(20, '=') << endl;
for(auto &t: sales_lst) {
cout << t << endl;
cout << string(40, '-') << endl;
}
}
int main() {
test();
}
Q1；通过传递引用类型的输出流，以及返回引用类型的输出流达到一直输出的效果；
Q2:通过迭代器以及自己编写的函数；
Q3:通过列表初始化。
task3
pets.hpp
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class MachinePets {
public:
MachinePets(const string &s);
virtual string talk()const=0;
string get_nickname()const;
private:
string nickname;
};
MachinePets::MachinePets(const string& s) :nickname{ s }{}
string MachinePets::get_nickname()const {
return nickname;
}
class PetCats:public MachinePets{
public:
PetCats(const string &s);
string talk()const override;
};
PetCats::PetCats(const string &s):MachinePets{s}{
}
string PetCats::talk() const {
return"miao wu~";
}
class PetDogs :public MachinePets{
public:
PetDogs(const string &s);
string talk()const override;
};
PetDogs::PetDogs(const string &s):MachinePets{s}{
}
string PetDogs::talk() const {
return"wang wang~";
}
tasks3.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "pets.hpp"
void test() {
using namespace std;
vector<MachinePets *> pets;
pets.push_back(new PetCats("miku"));
pets.push_back(new PetDogs("da huang"));
for(auto &ptr: pets)
cout <<ptr->get_nickname() << " says " << ptr->talk() << endl;
}
int main() {
test();
}
task4
task4.cpp
#include "film.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
void test() {
using namespace std;
int n;
cout << "输入电影数目: ";
cin >> n;
cout << "录入" << n << "部影片信息" << endl;
vector<Film> film_lst;
for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
Film f;
cout << string(20, '-') << "第" << i+1 << "部影片录入" << string(20, '-') << endl;
cin >> f;
film_lst.push_back(f);
}
// 按发行年份升序排序
sort(film_lst.begin(), film_lst.end(), compare_by_year);
cout << string(20, '=') + "电影信息(按发行年份)" + string(20, '=')<< endl;
for(auto &f: film_lst)
cout << f << endl;
}
int main() {
test();
}
film.hpp
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
class Film{
public:
Film(const string& name="", const string& director="", const string& area="", const string& time="");
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,const Film &f);
friend istream &operator>>(istream &in,Film &f);
string get_year()const;
private:
string name,director,area,time;
};
Film::Film(const string& name,const string &director,const string &area,const string &time) {
this->name=name;
this->director=director;
this->area=area;
this->time=time;
}
string Film::get_year()const{
return time;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream &out,const Film &f){
out<<left<<f.name<<setw(15)<<f.director<<setw(10)<<f.area<<setw(10)<<f.time<<endl;
return out;
}
istream &operator>>(istream &in,Film &f){
cout<<"录入片名：";in>>f.name;
cout<<"录入导演：";in>>f.director;
cout<<"录入制片国家/地区：";in>>f.area;
cout<<"录入上映年份：";in>>f.time;
return in;
}
bool compare_by_year(const Film &f1,const Film &f2){
return f1.get_year()<f2.get_year();
}
task5
task5.cpp
#include "Complex.hpp"
#include <iostream>
using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::boolalpha;
void test1() {
Complex<int> c1(2, -5), c2(c1);
cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
cout << "c1 + c2 = " << c1 + c2 << endl;
c1 += c2;
cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
cout << boolalpha << (c1 == c2) << endl;
}
void test2() {
Complex<double> c1, c2;
cout << "Enter c1 and c2: ";
cin >> c1 >> c2;
cout << "c1 = " << c1 << endl;
cout << "c2 = " << c2 << endl;
cout << "c1.real = " << c1.get_real() << endl;
cout << "c1.imag = " << c1.get_imag() << endl;
}
int main() {
cout << "自定义类模板Complex测试1: " << endl;
test1();
cout << endl;
cout << "自定义类模板Complex测试2: " << endl;
test2();
}
Complex.hpp
#pragma once
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <typename T>
class Complex {
private:
T real;
T imag;
public:
Complex(const T& r = 0, const T& i = 0) : real { r }, imag { i } {}
Complex operator+=(const Complex& c) {
real += c.real;
imag += c.imag;
return *this;
}
friend Complex operator+(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
return Complex<T>(c1.real + c2.real, c1.imag + c2.imag);
}
friend bool operator==(const Complex& c1, const Complex& c2) {
return c1.real == c2.real && c1.imag == c2.imag;
}
friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const Complex& c) {
if (c.imag >= 0)
out << c.real << "+" << c.imag << "i";
else
out << c.real << "-" << -c.imag << "i";
return out;
}
return imag;
}
};
task6
date.h
#pragma once
class Date {
private:
int year;
int month;
int day;
int totalDays;
public:
Date(int year, int month, int day);
int getYear() const { return year; }
int getMonth() const { return month; }
int getDay() const { return day; }
int getMaxDay() const;
bool isLeapYear() const {
return year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0 || year % 400 == 0;
}
void show() const;
int operator-(const Date& date) const {
return totalDays - date.totalDays;
}
};
date.cpp
#include "date.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
namespace {
const int DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[] = { 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365 };
}
Date::Date(int year, int month, int day) : year(year), month(month), day(day) {
if (day <= 0 || day > getMaxDay()) {
cout << "Invalid date: ";
show();
cout << endl;
exit(1);
}
int years = year - 1;
totalDays = years * 365 + years / 4 - years / 100 + years / 400 + DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1] + day;
if (isLeapYear() && month > 2) totalDays++;
}
int Date::getMaxDay() const {
if (isLeapYear() && month == 2)
return 29;
else return DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month] - DAYS_BEFORE_MONTH[month - 1];
}
void Date::show() const {
cout << getYear() << "-" << getMonth() << "-" << getDay();
}
accumulator.h
#pragma once
#include "date.h"
class Accumulator {
private:
Date lastDate;
double value;
double sum;
public:
Accumulator(const Date& date, double value) : lastDate(date), value(value), sum{ 0 } {}
double getSum(const Date& date) const {
return sum + value * (date - lastDate);
}
void change(const Date& date, double value) {
sum = getSum(date);
lastDate = date;
this->value = value;
}
void reset(const Date& date, double value) {
lastDate = date;
this->value = value;
sum = 0;
}
};
account.h
#pragma once
#include "date.h"
class Accumulator {
private:
Date lastDate;
double value;
double sum;
public:
Accumulator(const Date& date, double value) : lastDate(date), value(value), sum{ 0 } {}
double getSum(const Date& date) const {
return sum + value * (date - lastDate);
}
void change(const Date& date, double value) {
sum = getSum(date);
lastDate = date;
this->value = value;
}
void reset(const Date& date, double value) {
lastDate = date;
this->value = value;
sum = 0;
}
};
account.cpp
#include "account.h"
#include <cmath>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
double Account::total = 0;
Account::Account(const Date& date, const string& id) : id(id), balance(0) {
date.show();
cout << "\t#" << id << " created" << endl;
}
void Account::record(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
amount = floor(amount * 100 + 0.5) / 100;
balance += amount;
total += amount;
date.show();
cout << "\t#" << id << "\t" << amount << "\t" << balance << "\t" << desc << endl;
}
void Account::show() const {
cout << id << "\tBalance: " << balance;
}
void Account::error(const string& msg) const {
cout << "Error (#" << id << "): " << msg << endl;
}
SavingsAccount::SavingsAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double rate)
: Account(date, id), rate(rate), acc(date, 0) {}
void SavingsAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
record(date, amount, desc);
acc.change(date, getBalance());
}
void SavingsAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
if (amount > getBalance()) {
error("not enough money");
}
else {
record(date, -amount, desc);
acc.change(date, getBalance());
}
}
void SavingsAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate / (date - Date(date.getYear() - 1, 1, 1));
if (interest != 0) record(date, interest, "interest");
acc.reset(date, getBalance());
}
CreditAccount::CreditAccount(const Date& date, const string& id, double credit, double rate, double fee)
: Account(date, id), credit(credit), rate(rate), fee(fee), acc(date, 0) {}
void CreditAccount::deposit(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
record(date, amount, desc);
acc.change(date, getDebt());
}
void CreditAccount::withdraw(const Date& date, double amount, const string& desc) {
if (amount - getBalance() > credit) {
error("not enough credit");
}
else {
record(date, -amount, desc);
acc.change(date, getDebt());
}
}
void CreditAccount::settle(const Date& date) {
double interest = acc.getSum(date) * rate;
if (interest != 0) record(date, interest, "interest");
if (date.getMonth() == 1) record(date, -fee, "annual fee");
acc.reset(date, getDebt());
}
void CreditAccount::show() const {
Account::show();
cout << "\tAvailable credit: " << getAvailableCredit();
}
task6.cpp
#include "account.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
Date date(2008, 11, 1);
SavingsAccount sa1(date, "S3755217", 0.015);
SavingsAccount sa2(date, "02342342", 0.015);
CreditAccount ca(date, "C5392394", 10000, 0.0005, 50);
Account* accounts[] = { &sa1, &sa2, &ca };
const int n = sizeof(accounts) / sizeof(Account*);
cout << "(d)deposit (w)withdraw (s)show (c)change day (n)next month (e)exit" << endl;
char cmd;
do {
date.show();
cout << "\tTotal:" << Account::getTotal() << "\tcommand>";
int index, day;
double amount;
string desc;
cin >> cmd;
switch (cmd) {
case 'd':
cin >> index >> amount;
getline(cin, desc);
accounts[index]->deposit(date, amount, desc);
break;
case 'w':
cin >> index >> amount;
getline(cin, desc);
accounts[index]->withdraw(date, amount, desc);
break;
case 's':
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
cout << "[" << i << "]";
accounts[i]->show();
cout << endl;
}
break;
case 'c':
cin >> day;
if (day < date.getDay()) {
cout << "You cannot specify a previous day";
}
else if (day > date.getMaxDay())
cout << "Invalid day";
else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth(), day);
break;
case 'n':
if (date.getMonth() == 12)
date = Date(date.getYear() + 1, 1, 1);
else date = Date(date.getYear(), date.getMonth() + 1, 1);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
accounts[i]->settle(date);
}
break;
}
} while (cmd != 'e');
return 0;
}
