1031. Hello World for U
Given any string of N (>=5) characters, you are asked to form the characters into the shape of U. For example, "helloworld" can be printed as:
h d
e l
l r
lowo
That is, the characters must be printed in the original order, starting top-down from the left vertical line with n1 characters, then left to right along the bottom line with n2 characters, and finally bottom-up along the vertical line with n3 characters. And more, we would like U to be as squared as possible -- that is, it must be satisfied that n1 = n3 = max { k| k <= n2 for all 3 <= n2 <= N } with n1 + n2 + n3 - 2 = N.
Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case. Each case contains one string with no less than 5 and no more than 80 characters in a line. The string contains no white space.
Output Specification:
For each test case, print the input string in the shape of U as specified in the description.
Sample Input:
helloworld!
Sample Output:
h !
e d
l l
lowor
分析
由题可得1:2*n1+n2=N+2;
2:n1<=n2;
3:3<=n2<=N;
由1,3可得 n2>=(N+2)/3,再由1计算出n1
所以 n2 等于最小的大于等于(N+2)/3的整数,但是如果计算出n1,n2不是整数的话(即 N+2-n2 不是偶数的话),就把n2+1,在算出n1;
至于输出格式的控制,可以先输出n1-1行(先输出s[i],在输出n2-2个空格,再输出s[s.size()-1-i]),然后输出剩余的底部就行了。
#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
int main(){
string s;
cin>>s;
int n1,n2,n3;
n2=ceil((s.size()+2)/3.0);
n2=(s.size()+2-n2)%2>0?n2+1:n2;
n1=(s.size()+2-n2)/2;
for(int i=0;i<n1-1;i++){
cout<<s[i];
for(int j=0;j<n2-2;j++)
cout<<" ";
cout<<s[s.size()-i-1]<<endl;
}
for(int i=n1-1;i<n1-1+n2;i++)
cout<<s[i];
return 0;
}