浅谈GridView
GridView(网格视图)是按照行列的方式来显示内容的，一般用于显示图片，图片等内容，比如实现九宫格图，用GridView是首选，也是最简单的。主要用于设置Adapter。
GridView常用的XML属性：
|
属性名称 |
描述 |
|
android:columnWidth |
设置列的宽度。 |
|
android:gravity |
设置此组件中的内容在组件中的位置。可选的值有：top、bottom、left、right、center_vertical、fill_vertical、center_horizontal、fill_horizontal、center、fill、clip_vertical可以多选，用“|”分开。 |
|
android:horizontalSpacing |
两列之间的间距。 |
|
android:numColumns |
设置列数。 |
|
android:stretchMode |
缩放模式。 |
|
android:verticalSpacing |
两行之间的间距。 |
下面有三个例子，第一个是只显示图片的，第二个是显示图片文字的(这里的图片是Android系统自带的图片)，第三个是显示自定义的图片文字。前面两个例子的实现都不是很难，第三个例子的实现有些复杂，学习GridView的时候，就想着能不能自定义自己喜欢的图片加上文字，在网上找些资料，一般都是第二个例子的形式的，最后在视频学习上找到了能实现自定义自己的图片的例子。自己就照着例子去学习，修改成了第三个例子。
第一个例子：
MainActivity.java package com.android.gridview.activity; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.GridView; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); GridView gv = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.GridView1); //为GridView设置适配器 gv.setAdapter(new MyAdapter(this)); //注册监听事件 gv.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "pic" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } } //自定义适配器 class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ //上下文对象 private Context context; //图片数组 private Integer[] imgs = { R.drawable.pic0, R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2, R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5, R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8, R.drawable.pic0, R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2, R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5, R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8, }; MyAdapter(Context context){ this.context = context; } public int getCount() { return imgs.length; } public Object getItem(int item) { return item; } public long getItemId(int id) { return id; } //创建View方法 public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ImageView imageView; if (convertView == null) { imageView = new ImageView(context); imageView.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(75, 75));//设置ImageView对象布局 imageView.setAdjustViewBounds(false);//设置边界对齐 imageView.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);//设置刻度的类型 imageView.setPadding(8, 8, 8, 8);//设置间距 } else { imageView = (ImageView) convertView; } imageView.setImageResource(imgs[position]);//为ImageView设置图片资源 return imageView; } }
main.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <GridView android:id="@+id/GridView1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:columnWidth="90dp" android:numColumns="3" android:verticalSpacing="10dp" android:horizontalSpacing="10dp" android:stretchMode="columnWidth" android:gravity="center" /> </LinearLayout>
效果图：
第二个例子： MainActivity.java package com.android.gridview2.activity; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.GridView; import android.widget.SimpleAdapter; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private GridView gv; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.gridview); //准备要添加的数据条目 List<Map<String, Object>> items = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>(); for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) { Map<String, Object> item = new HashMap<String, Object>(); item.put("imageItem", R.drawable.icon);//添加图像资源的ID item.put("textItem", "icon" + i);//按序号添加ItemText items.add(item); } //实例化一个适配器 SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(this, items, R.layout.grid_item, new String[]{"imageItem", "textItem"}, new int[]{R.id.image_item, R.id.text_item}); //获得GridView实例 gv = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.mygridview); //为GridView设置适配器 gv.setAdapter(adapter); } }
gridview.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" > <GridView android:id="@+id/mygridview" android:numColumns="3" android:gravity="center_horizontal" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:stretchMode="columnWidth" /> </LinearLayout> grid_item.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/RelativeLayout1" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:paddingBottom="6dip" > <ImageView android:id="@+id/image_item" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/text_item" android:layout_below="@+id/image_item" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_centerHorizontal="true" /> </RelativeLayout>
效果图：
第三个例子：
MainActivity.java
package com.android.gridview3; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.BaseAdapter; import android.widget.GridView; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private GridView gridView; //图片的文字标题 private String[] titles = new String[] { "pic1", "pic2", "pic3", "pic4", "pic5", "pic6", "pic7", "pic8", "pic9"}; //图片ID数组 private int[] images = new int[]{ R.drawable.pic1, R.drawable.pic2, R.drawable.pic3, R.drawable.pic4, R.drawable.pic5, R.drawable.pic6, R.drawable.pic7, R.drawable.pic8,R.drawable.pic9 }; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){ super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); gridView = (GridView) findViewById(R.id.gridview); PictureAdapter adapter = new PictureAdapter(titles, images, this); gridView.setAdapter(adapter); gridView.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() { public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View v, int position, long id) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "pic" + (position+1), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); } } //自定义适配器 class PictureAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ private LayoutInflater inflater; private List<Picture> pictures; public PictureAdapter(String[] titles, int[] images, Context context) { super(); pictures = new ArrayList<Picture>(); inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context); for (int i = 0; i < images.length; i++) { Picture picture = new Picture(titles[i], images[i]); pictures.add(picture); } } @Override public int getCount() { if (null != pictures) { return pictures.size(); } else { return 0; } } @Override public Object getItem(int position) { return pictures.get(position); } @Override public long getItemId(int position) { return position; } @Override public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) { ViewHolder viewHolder; if (convertView == null) { convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.picture_item, null); viewHolder = new ViewHolder(); viewHolder.title = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.title); viewHolder.image = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.image); convertView.setTag(viewHolder); } else { viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag(); } viewHolder.title.setText(pictures.get(position).getTitle()); viewHolder.image.setImageResource(pictures.get(position).getImageId()); return convertView; } } class ViewHolder { public TextView title; public ImageView image; } class Picture { private String title; private int imageId; public Picture() { super(); } public Picture(String title, int imageId) { super(); this.title = title; this.imageId = imageId; } public String getTitle() { return title; } public void setTitle(String title) { this.title = title; } public int getImageId() { return imageId; } public void setImageId(int imageId) { this.imageId = imageId; } }
main.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <GridView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/gridview" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:columnWidth="90dp" android:numColumns="auto_fit" android:verticalSpacing="10dp" android:horizontalSpacing="10dp" android:stretchMode="columnWidth" android:gravity="center" /> picture_item.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:id="@+id/root" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="5dp" > <ImageView android:id="@+id/image" android:layout_width="100dp" android:layout_height="150dp" android:layout_gravity="center" android:scaleType="fitXY" android:padding="4dp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/title" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_gravity="center" android:gravity="center_horizontal" /> </LinearLayout>
效果图：
