26.虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法

1.虚拟语气在方式状语从句中的用法


    由as if/as though引导的方式状语从句可以用虚拟语气,表示对现在情况的假设时,从句谓语动词应用过去式(be 动词用were);表示对过去情况的假设时,从句谓语动词应用“had+过去分词”的形式;表示对将来情况的假设时,从句谓语动词应用“would/could/might+动词原形”的形式。
        He speaks as if he knew all about the thing.
            他说起话来就好像他知道关于这件事的一切似的。
        He talked about Rome as though he had been there himself.他谈起罗马就仿佛自己去过那里似的。
        She feels very worried, as if the end of the world would come soon.她感到很担忧,就好像世界末日很快就要来临了一样。

2.虚拟语气在目的状语从句中的用法


    (1)由so that, in onder that引导的目的状语从句常用虚拟语气,一般需要在从句谓语动词前加情态动词can, may, should, will, could, might, would等,意为“以便,为了”。
        I go to bed early so that I can hare a good sleep.我早早上床以便能睡个好觉。
        Jack went to the University of Edinburgh to study in order that he could become a doctor.为了能成为一名医生,杰克去爱丁堡大学学习了。
    (2)由lest, for fear (that), in case引导的目的状语从句常用虚拟语气,从句的谓语动词一般要用“should+动词原形”的形式,表示“免得,以免,以防,唯恐”之意。
        He took an umbrella lest it should rain.他带了一把雨伞,以防下雨。
        Please remind me of this thing again tomorrow in case I should forget.
            请明天再提醒我这件事,以免我忘记。

在含有even if/even though引导的让步状语从句的复合句中,主句和从句都可以用虚拟语气,其用法同非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法一样。

1 as if/ as though 引导的方式状语从句可以用陈述语气,表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大;也可以用虚拟语气,表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况。如:

    He talks as if/as though he is drunk. (是事实,从句用陈述语气)
        他说起话来好像喝醉了。
    Tom behaved as if/as though nothing had occurred. (与过去事实相反,从句用虚拟语气)
        汤姆表现得若无其事。

2 as if/as though 还可以引导表语从句,从句可以用陈述语气,也可以用虚拟语气,其用法与其引导方式状语从句时的用法一样。如:


    It seems as if/as though our team is going to win.(实现的可能性较大,从句用陈述语气)
        看起来我们队似乎要赢了。
    She looks as if/as though she were sick. (与现在事实相反,从句用虚拟语气)
        她看起来好像生病了。

Tom behaved as if/as though nothing had occurred. (与过去事实相反,从句用虚拟语气)

 

posted @ 2022-08-15 19:59  随遇而安==  阅读(656)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报