Condition接口简介
本博客系列是学习并发编程过程中的记录总结。由于文章比较多,写的时间也比较散,所以我整理了个目录贴(传送门),方便查阅。
接口简介
Condition可以看做是Obejct类的wait()
、notify()
、notifyAll()
方法的替代品,与Lock配合使用。
当线程执行condition对象的await
方法时,当前线程会立即释放锁,并进入对象的等待区,等待其它线程唤醒或中断。
JUC在实现Conditon对象时,其实是通过实现AQS框架,来实现了一个Condition等待队列,这个在后面讲AQS框架时会详细介绍,目前只要了解Condition如何使用即可。
接口定义
public interface Condition {
void await() throws InterruptedException;
long awaitNanos(long nanosTimeout) throws InterruptedException;
boolean await(long time, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException;
boolean awaitUntil(Date deadline) throws InterruptedException;
void signal();
void signalAll();
}
使用示例
wait-notify模式的一个典型应用就是可以实现生产者-消费者模式。让我印象很深是我毕业那年阿里巴巴校园招聘的一个笔试题:
有一个苹果箱,有10个人向这个箱子中每次随机放入一个苹果,有10个人每次随机从这个箱子中随机拿走一个苹果,同时需要满足箱子中的苹果总数不能超过50个。请用代码实现上面的场景(不能使用并发集合框架)
这个题目使用wait-notify模式可以很好地解决。下面使用Condition
模式来写下。
public class AppleBoxConditon {
private int appleCount;
private static Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
private static Condition fullCondition = lock.newCondition();
private static Condition emptyCondition = lock.newCondition();
public void putApple() {
lock.lock();
try {
while (appleCount >= 10) {
try {
fullCondition.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
appleCount++;
System.out.println("放入一个,当前盒子中苹果数:" + appleCount);
emptyCondition.signalAll();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
public void takeApple() {
lock.lock();
try{
while (appleCount <= 0) {
try {
emptyCondition.await();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
appleCount--;
System.out.println("拿走一个,当前盒子中苹果数:" + appleCount);
fullCondition.signalAll();
}finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
private static class AppleTaker implements Runnable {
private AppleBoxConditon appleBox;
public AppleTaker(AppleBoxConditon appleBox) {
this.appleBox = appleBox;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
appleBox.takeApple();
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
private static class ApplePutter implements Runnable {
private AppleBoxConditon appleBox;
public ApplePutter(AppleBoxConditon appleBox) {
this.appleBox = appleBox;
}
@Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
appleBox.putApple();
try {
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(100);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
AppleBoxConditon appleBox = new AppleBoxConditon();
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
Thread t = new Thread(new AppleBoxConditon.ApplePutter(appleBox));
t.setName("ApplePutter:"+i);
t.start();
}
for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
Thread t = new Thread(new AppleBoxConditon.AppleTaker(appleBox));
t.setName("AppleTaker:"+i);
t.start();
}
}
}
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