drf serializer官网所得

1,在serializer.save的时候要加入新的内容

save时,在request.data内容不够的情况下加入新的内容,

serializer.save(owner=request.user)

2,限制,报错

def multiple_of_ten(value):
    if value % 10 != 0:
        raise serializers.ValidationError('Not a multiple of ten')

class GameRecord(serializers.Serializer):
    score = IntegerField(validators=[multiple_of_ten])

3,更新原有数据

serializer = CommentSerializer(comment, data={'content': u'foo bar'}, partial=True)

4,序列化套序列化

class UserSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    email = serializers.EmailField()
    username = serializers.CharField(max_length=100)

class CommentSerializer(serializers.Serializer):
    user = UserSerializer(required=False)   #required=False表示可以为空    #many=True 表示接受多个值为list.

　　content = serializers.CharField(max_length=200) 
　　created = serializers.DateTimeField()

5,create

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    profile = ProfileSerializer()

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('username', 'email', 'profile')

    def create(self, validated_data):
        profile_data = validated_data.pop('profile')
        user = User.objects.create(**validated_data)
        Profile.objects.create(user=user, **profile_data)
        return user

6,关系型序列化

class Album(models.Model):
    album_name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    artist = models.CharField(max_length=100)

class Track(models.Model):
    album = models.ForeignKey(Album, related_name='tracks', on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    order = models.IntegerField()
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    duration = models.IntegerField()

    class Meta:
        unique_together = ('album', 'order')
        ordering = ['order']

    def __unicode__(self):
        return '%d: %s' % (self.order, self.title)

StringRelatedField

class AlbumSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    tracks = serializers.StringRelatedField(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Album
        fields = ('album_name', 'artist', 'tracks')

==> 由于前面的__unicode__方法把两个结合在一起,并且设置了many=True,所以会有多个值
{
    'album_name': 'Things We Lost In The Fire',
    'artist': 'Low',
    'tracks': [
        '1: Sunflower',
        '2: Whitetail',
        '3: Dinosaur Act',
        ...
    ]
}

PrimaryKeyRelatedField

class AlbumSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    tracks = serializers.PrimaryKeyRelatedField(many=True, read_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Album
        fields = ('album_name', 'artist', 'tracks')

{
    'album_name': 'Undun',
    'artist': 'The Roots',
    'tracks': [
        89,
        90,
        91,
        ...
    ]
}

参数:
queryset   指定关联的queryset,可以进行一些排除操作
many　　　　 可以指定多个数据,并且返回的数据格式为列表
allow_null 　　是否允许为空
pk_field　　　　指定主键为唯一字段

SlugRelatedField

class AlbumSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    tracks = serializers.SlugRelatedField(
        many=True,
        read_only=True,
        slug_field='title'
     )

    class Meta:
        model = Album
        fields = ('album_name', 'artist', 'tracks')

==>返回的是slug_field指定的字段

{
    'album_name': 'Dear John',
    'artist': 'Loney Dear',
    'tracks': [
        'Airport Surroundings',
        'Everything Turns to You',
        'I Was Only Going Out',
        ...
    ]
}

字段属性:

slug_field :指定关联表的某个属性
queryset 　　指定集合
many　　　　　指多个
allow_null　　是否可为空

RelatedField

import time

class TrackListingField(serializers.RelatedField):
    def to_representation(self, value):
        duration = time.strftime('%M:%S', time.gmtime(value.duration))
        return 'Track %d: %s (%s)' % (value.order, value.name, duration)

class AlbumSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    tracks = TrackListingField(many=True)

    class Meta:
        model = Album
        fields = ('album_name', 'artist', 'tracks')

==> RelatedField字段分析了,重新定义to_representation方法,内部的value是实例对象

{
    'album_name': 'Sometimes I Wish We Were an Eagle',
    'artist': 'Bill Callahan',
    'tracks': [
        'Track 1: Jim Cain (04:39)',
        'Track 2: Eid Ma Clack Shaw (04:19)',
        'Track 3: The Wind and the Dove (04:34)',
        ...
    ]
}