Springboot配置

作者：gqk

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　　SpringBoot可以识别两种格式的配置文件，分别是yml文件与properties文件，我们可以将application.properties文件换成application.yml，这两个文件都可以被SpringBoot自动识别并加载，但是如果是自定义的配置文件，就最好还是使用properties格式的文件，因为SpringBoot中暂时还并未提供手动加载yml格式文件的功能（这里指注解方式）。

　　application.properties配置文件欲被SpringBoot自动加载，需要放置到指定的位置：src/main/resource目录下，一般自定义的配置文件也位于此目录之下。

1:application.properties

配置改变端口号

2：application.yml的配置

配置类智能提示

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
	<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>

实体类的创建

Person.class

package com.gqk.springboot.bean;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@Component//交给容器处理
public class Person {
    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }

    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Boolean getBoss() {
        return boss;
    }

    public void setBoss(Boolean boss) {
        this.boss = boss;
    }

    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }

    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }

    public Map<String, Object> getMaps() {
        return maps;
    }

    public void setMaps(Map<String, Object> maps) {
        this.maps = maps;
    }

    public List<Object> getLists() {
        return lists;
    }

    public void setLists(List<Object> lists) {
        this.lists = lists;
    }

    public Dog getDog() {
        return dog;
    }

    public void setDog(Dog dog) {
        this.dog = dog;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", boss=" + boss +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", lists=" + lists +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }
}

 

Dog.class

package com.gqk.springboot.bean;

public class Dog {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

 

application.yml配置

测试：

package com.gqk.springboot;

import com.gqk.springboot.bean.Person;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class Springboothelloworld02ApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private Person person;
    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        System.out.print(person);
    }

}

 

@Value注解

@Value获取值和@ConfigurationProperties获取值比较

@PropertySource&@ImportResource&@Bean

 application.properties/yml代表的是全局的配置文件，我们可以用自定义的名称来定义配置文件,比如说person.properties

person.properties

person.last-name=李四
person.age=23
person.boss=true

注解测试没有任何结果的需要将配置文件引入
注意：一定还要加载全局配置文件否则获取不到值（坑我了！）

@PropertySource

@ImportResource：导入Spring的配置文件，让配置文件里面的内容生效；

之前的Spring配置文件

但是Springboot不认识此配置文件需要在主配置上添加@ImportResource注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="student" class="com.gqk.springboot.bean.Student"></bean>
</beans>

 

package com.gqk.springboot;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ImportResource;

@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})
@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboothelloworld02Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Springboothelloworld02Application.class, args);
    }

}

 

测试：

package com.gqk.springboot;

import com.gqk.springboot.bean.Person;
import com.gqk.springboot.bean.Student;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class Springboothelloworld02ApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private Person person;
    @Resource
    private ApplicationContext ac;
    @Test
    public void getStu(){
        Student stu = (Student) ac.getBean("student");
        System.out.print(stu);
    }

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        System.out.print(person);
    }

}

 

Spring提倡全配置不提倡配置文件：直接通过一个类来替换之前的配置文件

@Configuration：表示一个配置文件
@Bean:表示一个组件
student()方法名称表示为bean的id

package com.gqk.springboot.config;

import com.gqk.springboot.bean.Student;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MyConfig {
    @Bean
    public Student student(){
        System.out.print("加载到Spring容器中");
        return new Student();
    }

}

 

测试：

package com.gqk.springboot;

import com.gqk.springboot.bean.Person;
import com.gqk.springboot.bean.Student;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class Springboothelloworld02ApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private Person person;
    @Resource
    private ApplicationContext ac;
    @Test
    public void getStu(){
        Student stu = (Student) ac.getBean("student");
        System.out.print(stu);
    }

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        System.out.print(person);
    }

}