SpringBoot+Mysql+Redis+RabbitMQ+Jmeter模拟实现高并发秒杀

文章前言

众所周知，当遇到比较多数据不一致的问题时，大多数都是因为并发请求时，没及时处理的原因，提一个电商平台比较经常出现得高并发场景限时秒杀活动，他们是怎么来防止超卖呢？如何实现高并发秒杀呢？。
本文模拟了高并发秒杀，并且防止了超卖，也模拟了纯数据库秒杀超卖得场景，本次模拟demo得框架技术为：SpringBoot+Mysql+Redis+RabbitMQ+tkmybatis

数据库表结构：

一个为库存表，一个为订单表，本人使用得是mysql8.0。

完整得项目工具展示

Jmeter :

redisManager :

RabbitMQ :

编写代码

1.首先新建Springboot项目

2.可以先不勾选需要得jar包，项目初始化好之后，使用maven导入项目需要得jar包
pom.xml ：

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>3.8.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
        <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
        <version>0.7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.3-beta1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>tk.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mapper</artifactId>
        <version>4.0.0</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

3.配置application.properties

spring.devtools.restart.enabled=false
##配置数据库连接
spring.datasource.username=root 
spring.datasource.password=root
server.port=8443
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ktoa?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=UTC&allowMultiQueries=true
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
 
##配置rabbitmq连接
spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest
 
##配置连接redis --都记得打开服务
spring.redis.host=localhost
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-active=1024
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-wait=-1s
spring.redis.jedis.pool.max-idle=200
spring.redis.password=123456

这时可以启动一下springboot项目是否能够正常启动，如没问题可以继续往下编写！！
4.新建pojo包，添加实体类

Order.java:

import lombok.Data;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Data
@Table(name = "t_order")
public class Order implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -8867272732777764701L;
 
    @Id
    @Column(name = "id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
 
    @Column(name = "order_name")
    private String order_name;
 
    @Column(name = "order_user")
    private String order_user;
}

Stock.java:

import lombok.Data;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.io.Serializable;
@Table(name = "stock")
@Data
public class Stock implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 2451194410162873075L;
 
    @Id
    @Column(name = "id")
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;
 
    @Column(name = "name")
    private String name;
 
    @Column(name = "stock")
    private Long stock;
}

因为本次数据库操作方面使用了tkmybatis框架，所以实体类我们需要用到JPA的注解，来实现映射关系！！

5.配置tkmybatis得接口
新建名为base得包，在base下面新建service得接口

GenericMapper.interface:

import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.Mapper;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.common.MySqlMapper;
public interface GenericMapper<T> extends Mapper<T>, MySqlMapper<T> {
}

关于这个接口得作用你需要了解太多，你只要知道我们得mapper层需要通过继承它来实现数据库操作，如果你接触过jpa或者mybatis-plus，tkmybatis方式跟它们相似。

6.新建mapper层
新建名为mapper得包，在这个包下面新建

OrderMapper.interface：

import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.base.service.GenericMapper;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.pojo.Order;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
@Mapper
public interface OrderMapper extends GenericMapper<Order> {
    void insertOrder(Order order);
}

StockMapper.interface：

import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.base.service.GenericMapper;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.pojo.Stock;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
@Mapper
public interface StockMapper extends GenericMapper<Stock> {
}

7.编写RabbitMQ和redis得配置类

新建config包，新建redis和RabbitMQ得类

MyRabbitMQConfig.java：

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.QueueBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Configuration
public class MyRabbitMQConfig {
 
    //库存交换机
    public static final String STORY_EXCHANGE = "STORY_EXCHANGE";
 
    //订单交换机
    public static final String ORDER_EXCHANGE = "ORDER_EXCHANGE";
 
    //库存队列
    public static final String STORY_QUEUE = "STORY_QUEUE";
 
    //订单队列
    public static final String ORDER_QUEUE = "ORDER_QUEUE";
 
    //库存路由键
    public static final String STORY_ROUTING_KEY = "STORY_ROUTING_KEY";
 
    //订单路由键
    public static final String ORDER_ROUTING_KEY = "ORDER_ROUTING_KEY";
    @Bean
    public MessageConverter messageConverter() {
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }
    //创建库存交换机
    @Bean
    public Exchange getStoryExchange() {
        return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange(STORY_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
    }
    //创建库存队列
    @Bean
    public Queue getStoryQueue() {
        return new Queue(STORY_QUEUE);
    }
    //库存交换机和库存队列绑定
    @Bean
    public Binding bindStory() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(getStoryQueue()).to(getStoryExchange()).with(STORY_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
    }
    //创建订单队列
    @Bean
    public Queue getOrderQueue() {
        return new Queue(ORDER_QUEUE);
    }
    //创建订单交换机
    @Bean
    public Exchange getOrderExchange() {
        return ExchangeBuilder.directExchange(ORDER_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
    }
    //订单队列与订单交换机进行绑定
    @Bean
    public Binding bindOrder() {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(getOrderQueue()).to(getOrderExchange()).with(ORDER_ROUTING_KEY).noargs();
    }
}

RedisConfig .java：

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
 
@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {
    // 配置redis得配置详解
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
        template.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
        template.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
        template.setValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
        template.setHashKeySerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
        template.setHashValueSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
        template.afterPropertiesSet();
        return template;
    }
}

8.编写service层

新建service包以及impl包，这里只提供实现类，接口可以自行编写

OrderServiceImpl .java：

import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.mapper.OrderMapper;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.pojo.Order;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.service.OrderService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
    @Autowired
    private OrderMapper orderMapper;
    @Override
    public void createOrder(Order order) {
        orderMapper.insert(order);
    }
}

StockServiceImpl.java：

import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.mapper.StockMapper;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.pojo.Stock;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.service.StockService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import tk.mybatis.mapper.entity.Example;
import java.util.List;
 
@Service
public class StockServiceImpl implements StockService {
    @Autowired
    private StockMapper stockMapper;
    // 秒杀商品后减少库存
    @Override
    public void decrByStock(String stockName) {
       Example example = new Example(Stock.class);
        Example.Criteria criteria = example.createCriteria();
        criteria.andEqualTo("name", stockName);
        List<Stock> stocks = stockMapper.selectByExample(example);
        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(stocks)) {
            Stock stock = stocks.get(0);
            stock.setStock(stock.getStock() - 1);
            stockMapper.updateByPrimaryKey(stock);
        }
    }
    // 秒杀商品前判断是否有库存
    @Override
    public Integer selectByExample(String stockName) {
        Example example = new Example(Stock.class);
        Example.Criteria criteria = example.createCriteria();
        criteria.andEqualTo("name", stockName);
        List<Stock> stocks = stockMapper.selectByExample(example);
        if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(stocks)) {
            return stocks.get(0).getStock().intValue();
        }
        return 0;
    }
}

9.配置rabbitmq得实现方式以及redis得实现方式
在 service包下面新建 MQOrderService.java
这个类属于订单得消费队列

import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.config.MyRabbitMQConfig;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.pojo.Order;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class MQOrderService {
    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    /**
     * 监听订单消息队列，并消费
     *
     * @param order
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = MyRabbitMQConfig.ORDER_QUEUE)
    public void createOrder(Order order) {
        log.info("收到订单消息，订单用户为：{}，商品名称为：{}", order.getOrder_user(), order.getOrder_name());
        /**
         * 调用数据库orderService创建订单信息
         */
        orderService.createOrder(order);
    }
}

MQStockService.java：
这个属于库存得消费队列

import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.config.MyRabbitMQConfig;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
@Slf4j
public class MQStockService {
    @Autowired
    private StockService stockService;
    /**
     * 监听库存消息队列，并消费
     * @param stockName
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = MyRabbitMQConfig.STORY_QUEUE)
    public void decrByStock(String stockName) {
        log.info("库存消息队列收到的消息商品信息是：{}", stockName);
        /**
         * 调用数据库service给数据库对应商品库存减一
         */
        stockService.decrByStock(stockName);
    }
}

RedisService.java：
这个配置类，主要用来实现对redis得key和value初始化以及对value得操作

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@Service
public class RedisService {
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
    /**
     * 设置String键值对
     * @param key
     * @param value
     * @param millis
     */
    public void put(String key, Object value, long millis) {
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, millis, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
    }
    public void putForHash(String objectKey, String hkey, String value) {
        redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(objectKey, hkey, value);
    }
    public <T> T get(String key, Class<T> type) {
        return (T) redisTemplate.boundValueOps(key).get();
    }
    public void remove(String key) {
        redisTemplate.delete(key);
    }
    public boolean expire(String key, long millis) {
        return redisTemplate.expire(key, millis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    }
    public boolean persist(String key) {
        return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
    }
    public String getString(String key) {
        return (String) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
    }
    public Integer getInteger(String key) {
        return (Integer) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
    }
    public Long getLong(String key) {
        return (Long) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
    }
    public Date getDate(String key) {
        return (Date) redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
    }
 
    /**
     * 对指定key的键值减一
     * @param key
     * @return
     */
    public Long decrBy(String key) {
        return redisTemplate.opsForValue().decrement(key);
    }
}

下面为service包得完整目录：

10.编写controller层

在新建得controller包下面新建类 SecController.java

该controller提供了二个方法，一个为redis+rabbitmq实现高并发秒杀，第二个则用纯数据库模拟秒杀，出现超卖现象

import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.config.MyRabbitMQConfig;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.pojo.Order;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.service.OrderService;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.service.RedisService;
import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.service.StockService;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
@Controller
@Slf4j
public class SecController {
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
    @Autowired
    private RedisService redisService;
    @Autowired
    private OrderService orderService;
    @Autowired
    private StockService stockService;
    /**
     * 使用redis+消息队列进行秒杀实现
     *
     * @param username
     * @param stockName
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping( value = "/sec",produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
    @ResponseBody
    public String sec(@RequestParam(value = "username") String username, @RequestParam(value = "stockName") String stockName) {
 
        log.info("参加秒杀的用户是：{}，秒杀的商品是：{}", username, stockName);
        String message = null;
        //调用redis给相应商品库存量减一
        Long decrByResult = redisService.decrBy(stockName);
        if (decrByResult >= 0) {
            /**
             * 说明该商品的库存量有剩余，可以进行下订单操作
             */
            log.info("用户：{}秒杀该商品：{}库存有余，可以进行下订单操作", username, stockName);
            //发消息给库存消息队列，将库存数据减一
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(MyRabbitMQConfig.STORY_EXCHANGE, MyRabbitMQConfig.STORY_ROUTING_KEY, stockName);
 
            //发消息给订单消息队列，创建订单
            Order order = new Order();
            order.setOrder_name(stockName);
            order.setOrder_user(username);
            rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(MyRabbitMQConfig.ORDER_EXCHANGE, MyRabbitMQConfig.ORDER_ROUTING_KEY, order);
            message = "用户" + username + "秒杀" + stockName + "成功";
        } else {
            /**
             * 说明该商品的库存量没有剩余，直接返回秒杀失败的消息给用户
             */
            log.info("用户：{}秒杀时商品的库存量没有剩余,秒杀结束", username);
            message = "用户："+ username + "商品的库存量没有剩余,秒杀结束";
        }
        return message;
    }
}

纯数据库秒杀方式得方法：

/**
 * 实现纯数据库操作实现秒杀操作
 * @param username
 * @param stockName
 * @return
 */
@RequestMapping("/secDataBase")
@ResponseBody
public String secDataBase(@RequestParam(value = "username") String username, @RequestParam(value = "stockName") String stockName) {
    log.info("参加秒杀的用户是：{}，秒杀的商品是：{}", username, stockName);
    String message = null;
    //查找该商品库存
    Integer stockCount = stockService.selectByExample(stockName);
    log.info("用户：{}参加秒杀，当前商品库存量是：{}", username, stockCount);
    if (stockCount > 0) {
        /**
         * 还有库存，可以进行继续秒杀，库存减一,下订单
         */
        //1、库存减一
        stockService.decrByStock(stockName);
        //2、下订单
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setOrder_user(username);
        order.setOrder_name(stockName);
        orderService.createOrder(order);
        log.info("用户：{}.参加秒杀结果是：成功", username);
        message = username + "参加秒杀结果是：成功";
    } else {
        log.info("用户：{}.参加秒杀结果是：秒杀已经结束", username);
        message = username + "参加秒杀活动结果是：秒杀已经结束";
    }
    return message;
}

11.编写springboot启动类
最后一步我们需要在springboot得启动类中进行对redis得初始化，简而言之就是调用我们上面写得方法，新建一个redis缓存，模拟商品信息

import com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.service.RedisService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.spbtrediskill.secondskill.mapper")
public class SecondskillApplication implements ApplicationRunner{
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SecondskillApplication.class, args);
    }
    @Autowired
    private RedisService redisService;
    /**
     * redis初始化商品的库存量和信息
     * @param args
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
        redisService.put("watch", 10, 20);
    }
}