SpringBoot整合RabbitMQ，实现消息发送和消费以及多个消费者的情况
配置文件application.properties:
spring.application.name=spring-boot-rabbitmq spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost spring.rabbitmq.port=5672 spring.rabbitmq.username=guest spring.rabbitmq.password=guest server.port = 5678
RabbitMQ配置文件类（注释的代码可以直接删掉）：
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* topic 是RabbitMQ中最灵活的一种方式，可以根据routing_key自由的绑定不同的队列
* 首先对topic规则配置
*/
//@Configuration
public class TopicRabbitConfig {
final public static String QUEUE_NAME = "queue.name";
final public static String TEST_TOPIC_ROUTINGKEY = "test.topic.routingKey";
final public static String TEST_EXCHANGE_HAHA = "test.exchange.haha";
/**
* 设置交换器的名称
* @return
*//*
@Bean
TopicExchange exchange() {
return new TopicExchange(TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_EXCHANGE_HAHA);
}
*//**
* 队列名称
* @return
*//*
@Bean
public Queue queueMessage() {
return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.QUEUE_NAME);
}
*//**
* 将指定routing key的名称绑定交换器的队列
* @param queueMessage
* @param exchange
* @return
*//*
@Bean
Binding bindingExchangeMessage(Queue queueMessage, TopicExchange exchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessage).to(exchange).with(TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_TOPIC_ROUTINGKEY);
}*/
/**
* 匹配以topic开头的路由键routing key
* 交换机绑定多个队列
*/
/*@Bean
Binding bindingExchangeMessages(Queue queueMessages, TopicExchange exchange) {
return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessages).to(exchange).with("topic.#");
}*/
}
生产者，这里根据Exchange和Routing Key，直接发送一个字符串：
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import xy.study.rabbitmq.conf.TopicRabbitConfig;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class HelloSender {
@Autowired
private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;
/**
* 通过exchange和routingKey的方式
* rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(String exchange, String routingKey, Object object)
* @param i
*/
public void send(int i) {
String context = "hello " + i;
log.info("Sender : {}", context);
this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_EXCHANGE_HAHA,TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_TOPIC_ROUTINGKEY, context);
}
}
消费者，绑定对应的Exchange，Queue和Routing Key，直接打印获取的信息：
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Payload;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import xy.study.rabbitmq.conf.TopicRabbitConfig;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class HelloReceiver {
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(value = TopicRabbitConfig.QUEUE_NAME, durable = "true"),
exchange = @Exchange(value = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_EXCHANGE_HAHA, type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_TOPIC_ROUTINGKEY)
)
public void onOrgDeleted(@Payload String msg) {
log.info("HelloReceiver msg : {}",msg);
}
}
测试类，调用生产者发送信息的函数send，消费者会监听消费：
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import xy.study.rabbitmq.producer.HelloSender;
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitmqApplicationTests {
@Autowired
private HelloSender sender;
@Test
public void testSend() {
sender.send(666);
}
}
如图，控制台日志，能生成消息，并且能被对应的消费者消费。
topic exchange 通配路由中多个消费者的情况
修改消费者的代码如下：
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Payload;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import xy.study.rabbitmq.conf.TopicRabbitConfig;
@Component
@Slf4j
public class HelloReceiver {
/**
* 下面四个消费者，exchange和RoutingKey都相同，最后两个消费者队列名都相同
* @param msg
*/
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(value = TopicRabbitConfig.QUEUE_NAME, durable = "true"),
exchange = @Exchange(value = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_EXCHANGE_HAHA, type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_TOPIC_ROUTINGKEY)
)
public void queueName(@Payload String msg) {
log.info("{}-----HelloReceiver msg : {}",TopicRabbitConfig.QUEUE_NAME,msg);
}
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(value = TopicRabbitConfig.QUEUE_NAME+".test", durable = "true"),
exchange = @Exchange(value = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_EXCHANGE_HAHA, type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_TOPIC_ROUTINGKEY)
)
public void queueNameTest(@Payload String msg) {
log.info("{}-----HelloReceiver msg : {}",TopicRabbitConfig.QUEUE_NAME+".test",msg);
}
/**
* 这里我的消费者队列名"123445"，是乱写的，也能够接受
* @param msg
*/
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(value = 123445+"", durable = "true"),
exchange = @Exchange(value = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_EXCHANGE_HAHA, type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_TOPIC_ROUTINGKEY)
)
public void queueNameNumber(@Payload String msg) {
log.info("{}-----HelloReceiver msg : {}",123445+""+".test",msg);
}
/**
* 由于这个和上面的Exchange、RoutingKey、queue完全相同，所以这两个消费者，一条消息，只有一个能消费(随机)
* @param msg
*/
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
value = @Queue(value = 123445+"", durable = "true"),
exchange = @Exchange(value = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_EXCHANGE_HAHA, type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
key = TopicRabbitConfig.TEST_TOPIC_ROUTINGKEY)
)
public void queueNameNumberSame(@Payload String msg) {
log.info("same+{}-----HelloReceiver msg : {}",123445+""+".test",msg);
}
}
再次执行测试，测试结果如下：
总结：
上面四个消费者代码，Exchange和RoutingKey都相同，最后两个消费者队列名都相同。
根据结果可知，当Exchange和RoutingKey相同、queue不同时，所有消费者都能消费同样的信息；
当Exchange和RoutingKey、queue都相同时（最后两个消费者），消费者中只有一个能消费信息，其他消费者都不能消费该信息。
