自己动手模拟百分百<select>下拉列表

浏览器默认的下拉确实不好用啊,主要是样式不好修改和统一。

(一)下手之前先理清一下<select>的流程:

  1.结构:<select>

      <option value="">show</option>      

                 </select>

  2.事件:点击<select>-选择<option>-显示option的innerHTML-表单value改变-onchange被触发

(二)接着写出dom结构并设计一个样式:

  1.dom结构如下:

<div id="selectYear">
    <div class="select-ipt"></div><!--显示框,存放span的innerHTML,相当于option的innerHTML-->
    <div style="display: none " class="select-list"><!--下拉框-->
      <span id="1">1992</span><!--N个span-->
    </div>
    <input type="hidden" /><!--存放span的id,相当于option的value-->
</div> 

 

  2.css样式,下拉框需要一个下三角图片居右,图片就不上传了,也可以自己用css模拟下三角。样式可以定义多种,样式名称改变不会影响js。

/*下拉框*/
.select-ipt {color:#888888;cursor: pointer;background: url(select.jpg) no-repeat center right;
border:1px #ccc solid;cursor:pointer;width:73px;height: 29px;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:3px 0px 0px 0px;
line-height:29px;font-size:14px;}
/*样式一:下拉一排一个*/
.select-list {border: 1px #ccc solid;width:73px;margin-left:0px;position:absolute;z-index:10000;background:#fff;}
.select-list span{cursor:pointer;display:block;width:100%;height:22px;line-height:22px;padding:0;font-size:14px;}
.select-list span:hover{background:#f6615b;color:#fff}

(三)开始写JS:

1.根据id绑定dom

function SelectPullDown(box){
    this.selectBox = document.getElementById(box);
    this.selectIpt = document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("input")[0];//传值表单
    this.selectDivBtn = document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("div")[0];//选中显示框
    this.selectDivList = document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("div")[1];////下拉框
    this.selectSpan = document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("span");//选项
}
//调用方法
var year = new SelectPullDown('selectYear');
year.init();

2.定义原型方法,开始模拟:

很简单,主要就是定义显示隐藏和点击事件,然后修改值,最后手动触发onchange事件,onchange事件必须有,方便以后的js验证。

SelectPullDown.prototype ={
    selectBox : '',
    selectIpt : '',
    selectDivBtn : '',
    selectDivList : '',
    selectSpan : '',
    iptEven : function(){
        var self = this;
        this.selectBox.onmouseover = function(){
            self.selectListShow();
        }    
        this.selectBox.onmouseout = function(){
            self.selectListHide();
        }
        return this;    
    },
    selectListShow: function(){
        this.selectDivList.style.display = "block";
    },
    selectListHide: function(){
        this.selectDivList.style.display = "none";
    },
    selectPick : function() {
        var span = this.selectSpan,
        self = this;
        function trimStr(str){return str.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g,"");}
        for(var i=0;i<span.length;i++){
            span[i].onclick = function(){
                self.selectDivBtn.innerHTML = trimStr(this.innerHTML);
                self.selectIpt.value= trimStr(this.id);
                self.selectListHide();
                //chang事件触发
                if (self.selectIpt.fireEvent) self.selectIpt.fireEvent('onchange');
                else{ 
                    var evt;
                    evt = document.createEvent("HTMLEvents");  
                    evt.initEvent("change", true, true);  
                    self.selectIpt.dispatchEvent(evt);
                };
            }
        }    
        return this;
    },
    init : function(){
        this.iptEven().selectPick();    
    }
};

 

 

(四)完整代码如下(试着用下吧):

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>下拉表单</title>
<style type="text/css">
* {
    margin:0px;
    padding:0px;
}
body {
    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    font-size: 12px;
}
/*下拉框*/
.select-ipt {color:#888888;cursor: pointer;background: url(select.jpg) no-repeat center right;
border:1px #ccc solid;cursor:pointer;width:73px;height: 29px;margin:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding:3px 0px 0px 0px;
line-height:29px;font-size:14px;}
/*样式一:下拉一排一个*/
.select-list {border: 1px #ccc solid;width:73px;margin-left:0px;position:absolute;z-index:10000;background:#fff;}
.select-list span{cursor:pointer;display:block;width:100%;height:22px;line-height:22px;padding:0;font-size:14px;}
.select-list span:hover{background:#f6615b;color:#fff}

</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="selectYear">
    <div class="select-ipt">请选择</div><!--显示框,存放span的innerHTML,相当于option的innerHTML-->
    <div style="display: none " class="select-list"><!--下拉框-->
      <span id="1">1992</span>
      <span id="2">1993</span>
      <span id="3">1994</span>
      <span id="4">1995</span>
      <span id="5">1996</span> 
      <span id="6">1997</span> 
    </div>
    <input type="hidden" /><!--存放span的id,相当于option的value-->
</div>  

<script type="text/javascript" >
function SelectPullDown(box){
    this.selectBox = document.getElementById(box);
    this.selectIpt = document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("input")[0];//传值表单
    this.selectDivBtn = document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("div")[0];//选中显示框
    this.selectDivList = document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("div")[1];////下拉框
    this.selectSpan = document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("span");//选项
}
SelectPullDown.prototype ={
    selectBox : '',//document.getElementById('selectYear').getElementsByTagName("input")[0],
    selectIpt : '',//document.getElementById('selectYear').getElementsByTagName("input")[0],
    selectDivBtn : '',//document.getElementById('selectYear').getElementsByTagName("div")[0],
    selectDivList : '',//document.getElementById(box).getElementsByTagName("div")[1];
    selectSpan : '',//document.getElementById('selectYear').getElementsByTagName("span"),
    iptEven : function(){
        var self = this;
        this.selectBox.onmouseover = function(){
            self.selectListShow();
        }    
        this.selectBox.onmouseout = function(){
            self.selectListHide();
        }
        return this;    
    },
    selectListShow: function(){
        this.selectDivList.style.display = "block";
    },
    selectListHide: function(){
        this.selectDivList.style.display = "none";
    },
    selectPick : function() {
        var span = this.selectSpan,
        self = this;
        function trimStr(str){return str.replace(/(^\s*)|(\s*$)/g,"");}
        for(var i=0;i<span.length;i++){
            span[i].onclick = function(){
                self.selectDivBtn.innerHTML = trimStr(this.innerHTML);
                self.selectIpt.value= trimStr(this.id);
                self.selectListHide();
                //chang事件触发
                if (self.selectIpt.fireEvent) self.selectIpt.fireEvent('onchange');
                else{ 
                    var evt;
                    evt = document.createEvent("HTMLEvents");  
                    evt.initEvent("change", true, true);  
                    self.selectIpt.dispatchEvent(evt);
                };
            }
        }    
        return this;
    },
    init : function(){
        this.iptEven().selectPick();    
    }
};
//调用方法
var year = new SelectPullDown('selectYear');
year.init();


</script>
</body>
</html>

 

posted @ 2014-12-05 17:40  子慕大诗人  阅读(3708)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报