虚拟机添加硬盘
一、VMware workstation菜单栏👉虚拟机👉设置👉添加👉硬盘👉下一步
二、SCSI👉下一步:
三、创建新虚拟磁盘👉下一步
四、选择自己需要的硬盘大小👉立即分配磁盘取消勾选👉将虚拟磁盘存储为单个文件👉下一步
五、完成
六、重启虚拟机后,使用lsblk命令查看磁盘情况
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
发现已经成功添加新硬盘sdb。
七、使用fdisk创建新分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x03295b0a.
Command (m for help):
然后输入 p ,回车:
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x03295b0a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help):
输入 n 回车:
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p):
输入 p 回车, 1 回车,回车,回车:
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-10485759, default 10485759):
Using default value 10485759
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set
输入 p ,回车:
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x03295b0a
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 10485759 5241856 83 Linux
Command (m for help):
输入 w ,回车,保存退出。至此,磁盘分区完成。
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
八、使用mkfs.ext4命令进行格式化
先查看分区表
[root@localhost ~]# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 20G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
└─sda2 8:2 0 19G 0 part
├─centos-root 253:0 0 17G 0 lvm /
└─centos-swap 253:1 0 2G 0 lvm [SWAP]
sdb 8:16 0 5G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 5G 0 part
sr0 11:0 1 1024M 0 rom
发现新分区是sdb1(我只分了一个主分区,所以是sdb1。)然后我们对sdb1进行格式化
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
327680 inodes, 1310464 blocks
65523 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1342177280
40 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
至此格式化完成。
九、挂载分区
我以挂载到根分区的data目录为例:
新建/data目录
[root@localhost /]# mkdir data
挂载分区到/data目录
[root@localhost /]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data
查看磁盘使用情况
[root@localhost /]# df -hT
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 17G 1.3G 16G 8% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 12M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 148M 867M 15% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 378M 0 378M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 ext4 4.8G 20M 4.6G 1% /data
十、软raid0
yum -y install mdadm
mdadm -C /dev/md0 -a yes -l 0 -n 1 --force /dev/vdb
df -h
lsblk
mkfs.xfs /dev/md0
mkdir -p /data1
ll /data1
mount /dev/md0 /data1
cat /etc/fstab
/dev/md0 /data1 xfs defaults 0 0
mount -a
十一、多快盘挂载在/data目录下
方法一:
1)磁盘分区--此步非必须
在将磁盘或者磁盘分区用作物理卷(PV)之前,需要对其进行初始化工作,即进行磁盘分区操作
# 新建/dev/sdb的磁盘标签类型为GPT
[root@ ~]# parted /dev/sdb mklabel gpt
# 将/dev/sdb整个空间分给同一个分区
[root@ ~]# parted /dev/sdb mkpart primary 0 100%
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? I
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
# 新建/dev/sdc的磁盘标签类型为GPT
[root@ ~]# parted /dev/sdc mklabel gpt
# 将/dev/sdc整个空间分给同一个分区
[root@ ~]# parted /dev/sdc mkpart primary 0 100%
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? I
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
# 新建/dev/sde的磁盘标签类型为GPT
[root@ ~]# parted /dev/sde mklabel gpt
# 将/dev/sdc整个空间分给同一个分区
[root@ ~]# parted /dev/sde mkpart primary 0 100%
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? I
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.
方法二:
fdisk /dev/vdb
m n p w
2)创建物理卷
创建物理卷的命令为pvcreate;利用该命令将希望添加到卷组的所有分区或磁盘创建为物理卷;
将分区/dev/sdb1、/dev/sdc1、/dev/sde1分区创建为物理卷:
[root@ ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
[root@ ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdc1
Physical volume "/dev/sdc1" successfully created.
[root@ ~]# pvcreate /dev/sde1
Physical volume "/dev/sde1" successfully created.
3)创建卷组
创建卷组的命令为vgcreate;用此命令将使用pvcreate建立的物理卷创建为一个完整的卷组;
将物理卷/dev/sdb1创建为一个名为vgftp的卷组:
[root@ ~]# vgcreate vgftp /dev/sdb1
Volume group "vgftp" successfully created
4)添加新的物理卷到卷组中
此步即为将3块磁盘空间合并的关键步骤;当系统中新增了磁盘或新建了物理卷,而要将其添加到已有卷组时,就可使用vgextend命令;
将物理卷/dev/sdc1添加到vgftp卷组中:
[root@ ~]# vgextend vgftp /dev/sdc1
Volume group "vgftp" successfully extended
[root@ ~]# vgextend vgftp /dev/sde1
Volume group "vgftp" successfully extended
5)查看卷组
查看卷组用vgs:
[root@ ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
vgftp 2 0 0 wz--n- 5.5t 5.5t
vgroot 1 4 0 wz--n- 264.00g 4.00m
从vgs命令的回显结果来看,卷组vgftp成功添加,并且其总空间为两块物理磁盘的总大小(因换算单位不同,所以不是精确的6T)。
6)创建逻辑卷
创建逻辑卷的命令为lvcreate;用此命令将在使用vgcreate建立的卷组上创建逻辑卷;
在卷组vgftp上创建一个名为lvftp的逻辑卷,起大小为5.5T;
-n:指定逻辑卷名
-L:指定逻辑卷大小
方法一:
[root@ ~]# lvcreate -L 5.5T -n lvftp vgftp
Rounding up size to full physical extent 5.5 TiB
Logical volume "lvftp" created.
方法二:
lvextend -l 20%FREE /dev/lvm_test/lv1
7)格式化逻辑卷
将创建的lvftp逻辑卷格式化为ext4 xfs
[root@ ~]# mkfs -t ext4 /dev/vgftp/lvftp
meta-data=/dev/vgftp/lvftp isize=512 agcount=33, agsize=268435328 blks
= sectsz=4096 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=1, sparse=0, rmapbt=0, reflink=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=8777839616, imaxpct=5
= sunit=64 swidth=64 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=521728, version=2
= sectsz=4096 sunit=1 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
8)创建挂载目录并挂载
创建挂载目录/ftp_data
[root@ ~]# mkdir /ftp_data
挂载
[root@ ~]# mount /dev/vgftp/lvftp /ftp_data/
做开机自动挂载
[root@ ~]#echo '/dev/mapper/vgftp-lvftp /ftp_data ext4 defaults 0 0' >>/etc/fstab
9)查看是否挂载成功
[root@ ~]# df -h
掌握—》熟悉—》了解
- 掌握:倒背如流。
- 熟悉:正背如流。
- 了解:看到能够想起。
如果喜欢本篇博文,博文左边可以点个赞,谢谢您啦!
如果您喜欢厚颜无耻的博主我,麻烦点个
关注