Python爬虫出错

出错内容1：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\python_workplace\Python实验\实验四\test4_2\豆瓣评分.py", line 104, in <module>
    main(bookId, 60, 3, 'hot')
  File "E:\python_workplace\Python实验\实验四\test4_2\豆瓣评分.py", line 64, in main
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
  File "E:\python_workplace\venv\lib\site-packages\bs4\__init__.py", line 275, in __init__
    elif len(markup) <= 256 and (
TypeError: object of type 'NoneType' has no len()

出错原因：由于爬取的是豆瓣的网站，豆瓣具有反爬取机制，所以这需要伪装成浏览器

修改方式：

headers = {
            "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/63.0.3239.132 Safari/537.36"}
        html = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')

接下来之前的错误消失，出现下面的错误

 

出错内容2：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\python_workplace\Python实验\实验四\test4_2\豆瓣评分.py", line 102, in <module>
    main(bookId, 60, 3, 'hot')
  File "E:\python_workplace\Python实验\实验四\test4_2\豆瓣评分.py", line 62, in main
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
  File "E:\python_workplace\venv\lib\site-packages\bs4\__init__.py", line 275, in __init__
    elif len(markup) <= 256 and (
TypeError: object of type 'Response' has no len()

出错位置：

 

 修改为：

soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')

 

修改后结果：