5.21学习总结——android开发实现用户头像的上传
最近在做个人头像的上传，具体是能调用摄像头和从相册进行选择。本篇文章参考的我的同学的博客，大家有兴趣可以去原作者那里去看看:
1.使用glide进行图片的展示效果
2.PermissionGen动态权限获取
代码：
一、准备工作
1.在AndroidManifest.xml添加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
2.在build.gradle中添加依赖
dependencies {
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.10.0'
implementation 'com.lovedise:permissiongen:0.0.6'
}
二、主代码
1.util工具类（toast和照片）
import android.content.Context; import android.widget.Toast; public class ToastUtil { public static Toast mToast; public static void showMsg(Context context, String msg){ if(mToast == null){ mToast = Toast.makeText(context,msg,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT); }else{ mToast.setText(msg); } mToast.show(); } } Toast
import android.content.ContentValues; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.database.Cursor; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Build; import android.os.Environment; import android.provider.MediaStore; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import java.io.File; /** * CSDN_LQR * 图片选择工具类 */ public class LQRPhotoSelectUtils { public static final int REQ_TAKE_PHOTO = 10001; public static final int REQ_SELECT_PHOTO = 10002; public static final int REQ_ZOOM_PHOTO = 10003; private AppCompatActivity mActivity; //拍照或剪切后图片的存放位置(参考file_provider_paths.xml中的路径) private String imgPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg"; //FileProvider的主机名：一般是包名+".fileprovider"，严格上是build.gradle中defaultConfig{}中applicationId对应的值+".fileprovider" private String AUTHORITIES = "packageName" + ".fileprovider"; private boolean mShouldCrop = false;//是否要裁剪（默认不裁剪） private Uri mOutputUri = null; private File mInputFile; private File mOutputFile = null; //剪裁图片宽高比 private int mAspectX = 1; private int mAspectY = 1; //剪裁图片大小 private int mOutputX = 800; private int mOutputY = 480; PhotoSelectListener mListener; /** * 可指定是否在拍照或从图库选取照片后进行裁剪 * <p> * 默认裁剪比例1:1，宽度为800，高度为480 * * @param activity 上下文 * @param listener 选取图片监听 * @param shouldCrop 是否裁剪 */ public LQRPhotoSelectUtils(AppCompatActivity activity, PhotoSelectListener listener, boolean shouldCrop) { mActivity = activity; mListener = listener; mShouldCrop = shouldCrop; AUTHORITIES = activity.getPackageName() + ".fileprovider"; imgPath = generateImgePath(); } /** * 可以拍照或从图库选取照片后裁剪的比例及宽高 * * @param activity 上下文 * @param listener 选取图片监听 * @param aspectX 图片裁剪时的宽度比例 * @param aspectY 图片裁剪时的高度比例 * @param outputX 图片裁剪后的宽度 * @param outputY 图片裁剪后的高度 */ public LQRPhotoSelectUtils(AppCompatActivity activity, PhotoSelectListener listener, int aspectX, int aspectY, int outputX, int outputY) { this(activity, listener, true); mAspectX = aspectX; mAspectY = aspectY; mOutputX = outputX; mOutputY = outputY; } /** * 设置FileProvider的主机名：一般是包名+".fileprovider"，严格上是build.gradle中defaultConfig{}中applicationId对应的值+".fileprovider" * <p> * 该工具默认是应用的包名+".fileprovider"，如项目build.gradle中defaultConfig{}中applicationId不是包名，则必须调用此方法对FileProvider的主机名进行设置，否则Android7.0以上使用异常 * * @param authorities FileProvider的主机名 */ public void setAuthorities(String authorities) { this.AUTHORITIES = authorities; } /** * 修改图片的存储路径（默认的图片存储路径是SD卡上 Android/data/应用包名/时间戳.jpg） * * @param imgPath 图片的存储路径（包括文件名和后缀） */ public void setImgPath(String imgPath) { this.imgPath = imgPath; } /** * 拍照获取 */ public void takePhoto() { File imgFile = new File(imgPath); if (!imgFile.getParentFile().exists()) { imgFile.getParentFile().mkdirs(); } Uri imgUri = null; // if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {//这里用这种传统的方法无法调起相机 // imgUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(mActivity, AUTHORITIES, imgFile); // } else { // imgUri = Uri.fromFile(imgFile); // } /* * 1.现象 在项目中调用相机拍照和录像的时候，android4.x,Android5.x,Android6.x均没有问题,在Android7.x下面直接闪退 2.原因分析 Android升级到7.0后对权限又做了一个更新即不允许出现以file://的形式调用隐式APP，需要用共享文件的形式：content:// URI 3.解决方案 下面是打开系统相机的方法，做了android各个版本的兼容: * */ if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 24) { // 从文件中创建uri imgUri = Uri.fromFile(imgFile); } else { //兼容android7.0 使用共享文件的形式 ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues(1); contentValues.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, imgFile.getAbsolutePath()); imgUri = mActivity.getApplication().getContentResolver().insert(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, contentValues); } Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE); intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imgUri); mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_TAKE_PHOTO); } /** * 从图库获取 */ public void selectPhoto() { Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, null); intent.setDataAndType(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "image/*"); mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_SELECT_PHOTO); // Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT); // intent.setType("image/*"); // mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_SELECT_PHOTO); } private void zoomPhoto(File inputFile, File outputFile) { File parentFile = outputFile.getParentFile(); if (!parentFile.exists()) { parentFile.mkdirs(); } Intent intent = new Intent("com.android.camera.action.CROP"); if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.N) { intent.setDataAndType(getImageContentUri(mActivity, inputFile), "image/*"); } else { intent.setDataAndType(Uri.fromFile(inputFile), "image/*"); } intent.putExtra("crop", "true"); //设置剪裁图片宽高比 intent.putExtra("mAspectX", mAspectX); intent.putExtra("mAspectY", mAspectY); //设置剪裁图片大小 intent.putExtra("mOutputX", mOutputX); intent.putExtra("mOutputY", mOutputY); // 是否返回uri intent.putExtra("return-data", false); intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, Uri.fromFile(outputFile)); intent.putExtra("outputFormat", Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG.toString()); mActivity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQ_ZOOM_PHOTO); } public void attachToActivityForResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) { if (resultCode == AppCompatActivity.RESULT_OK) { switch (requestCode) { case LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_TAKE_PHOTO://拍照 mInputFile = new File(imgPath); if (mShouldCrop) {//裁剪 mOutputFile = new File(generateImgePath()); mOutputUri = Uri.fromFile(mOutputFile); zoomPhoto(mInputFile, mOutputFile); } else {//不裁剪 mOutputUri = Uri.fromFile(mInputFile); if (mListener != null) { mListener.onFinish(mInputFile, mOutputUri); } } break; case LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_SELECT_PHOTO://图库 if (data != null) { Uri sourceUri = data.getData(); String[] proj = {MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA}; Cursor cursor = mActivity.managedQuery(sourceUri, proj, null, null, null); int columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA); cursor.moveToFirst(); String imgPath = cursor.getString(columnIndex); mInputFile = new File(imgPath); if (mShouldCrop) {//裁剪 mOutputFile = new File(generateImgePath()); mOutputUri = Uri.fromFile(mOutputFile); zoomPhoto(mInputFile, mOutputFile); } else {//不裁剪 mOutputUri = Uri.fromFile(mInputFile); if (mListener != null) { mListener.onFinish(mInputFile, mOutputUri); } } } break; case LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_ZOOM_PHOTO://裁剪 if (data != null) { if (mOutputUri != null) { //删除拍照的临时照片 File tmpFile = new File(imgPath); if (tmpFile.exists()) tmpFile.delete(); if (mListener != null) { mListener.onFinish(mOutputFile, mOutputUri); } } } break; } } } /** * 安卓7.0裁剪根据文件路径获取uri */ private Uri getImageContentUri(Context context, File imageFile) { String filePath = imageFile.getAbsolutePath(); Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query( MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, new String[]{MediaStore.Images.Media._ID}, MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + "=? ", new String[]{filePath}, null); if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) { int id = cursor.getInt(cursor .getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns._ID)); Uri baseUri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media"); return Uri.withAppendedPath(baseUri, "" + id); } else { if (imageFile.exists()) { ContentValues values = new ContentValues(); values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath); return context.getContentResolver().insert( MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values); } else { return null; } } } /** * 产生图片的路径，带文件夹和文件名，文件名为当前毫秒数 */ private String generateImgePath() { return getExternalStoragePath() + File.separator + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg"; // return Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".jpg";//测试用 } /** * 获取SD下的应用目录 */ private String getExternalStoragePath() { StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); sb.append(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath()); sb.append(File.separator); String ROOT_DIR = "Android/data/" + mActivity.getPackageName(); sb.append(ROOT_DIR); sb.append(File.separator); return sb.toString(); } public interface PhotoSelectListener { void onFinish(File outputFile, Uri outputUri); } } LQRPhotoSelectUtils
2.MainActivity
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
import com.bumptech.glide.Glide;
import com.example.camera.utils.LQRPhotoSelectUtils;
import com.example.camera.utils.ToastUtil;
import java.io.File;
import kr.co.namee.permissiongen.PermissionGen;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
//定义控件
private Button mBtnTakePhoto;
private Button mBtnSelectPic;
private Button mBtnFinish;
private ImageView mIvPic;
private TextView mTvPath;
private TextView mTvUri;
private static final int REQUEST_CODE = 0x001;
private LQRPhotoSelectUtils mLqrPhotoSelectUtils;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//绑定控件
mBtnTakePhoto = findViewById(R.id.btn_take_photo);
mBtnSelectPic = findViewById(R.id.btn_select_pic);
mTvPath = findViewById(R.id.tvPath);
mTvUri = findViewById(R.id.tvUri);
mIvPic = findViewById(R.id.iv_pic);
mBtnFinish = findViewById(R.id.btn_finish);
init();
initListener();
}
private void init() {//初始化
//创建LQRPhotoSelectUtils（一个Activity对应一个LQRPhotoSelectUtils）
mLqrPhotoSelectUtils = new LQRPhotoSelectUtils(this, new LQRPhotoSelectUtils.PhotoSelectListener() {
@Override
public void onFinish(File outputFile, Uri outputUri) {
//当拍照或从图库选取图片成功后回调
mTvPath.setText(outputFile.getAbsolutePath());//显示图片路径
mTvUri.setText(outputUri.toString());//显示图片uri
//System.out.println(outputUri.toString());
Glide.with(MainActivity.this).load(outputUri).into(mIvPic);//使用Glide进行图片展示
}
}, true);//是否裁剪。true裁剪，false不裁剪
//检查权限
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED||
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED||
ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(MainActivity.this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, REQUEST_CODE);
}else{
ToastUtil.showMsg(MainActivity.this, "已经获得了所有权限");
}
}
private void initListener(){//初始化监听器
mBtnTakePhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//获取权限，调用拍照方法
PermissionGen.with(MainActivity.this)
.addRequestCode(LQRPhotoSelectUtils.REQ_TAKE_PHOTO)
.permissions(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.CAMERA
).request();
//拍照
mLqrPhotoSelectUtils.takePhoto();
}
});
mBtnSelectPic.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// 选择图片
mLqrPhotoSelectUtils.selectPhoto();
}
});
mBtnFinish.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (mTvPath.getText().toString().equals("图片路径:")){
// 如果一张图片都没选
ToastUtil.showMsg(getApplicationContext(), "您还没有选择图片呢!");
}else{
ToastUtil.showMsg(getApplicationContext(), "选择图片成功:"+mTvPath.getText().toString());
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
Intent intent = new Intent();
bundle.putString("uri", mTvUri.getText().toString());
intent.putExtras(bundle);
setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, intent);
finish();
}
}
});
}
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE) {
if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
initListener();
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "您已拒绝授予权限", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
}
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
//在Activity中的onActivityResult()方法里与LQRPhotoSelectUtils关联
mLqrPhotoSelectUtils.attachToActivityForResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
}
}
3.xml界面
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_take_photo"
android:text="拍照"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_select_pic"
android:text="从图库中选取"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tvPath"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:text="图片路径:"/>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/tvUri"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:text="图片Uri:"/>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/iv_pic"
app:srcCompat="@drawable/head_portrait"
android:layout_width="300dp"
android:layout_height="300dp"/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/btn_finish"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp"
android:text="完成"/>
</LinearLayout>
