NETCORE - RabbitMQ的使用
NETCORE - RabbitMQ的使用
NET Core微服务之基于EasyNetQ使用RabbitMQ消息队列
安装部署RabbbitMQ:https://www.cnblogs.com/1285026182YUAN/p/12896851.html
NETCORE中的订阅模式
一、控制台项目
创建三个项目:
- NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Publisher:Console项目
- NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Subscriber1:Console项目
- NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Messages:类库
Publisher 与 Subscriber1 项目安装 EasyNetQ 插件
NuGet>Install-Package EasyNetQ
Messages 项目,新增一个类
public class TextMessage { public string Text { get; set; } }
Publisher项目,添加以下代码
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
using EasyNetQ; using NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Messages; using System; namespace NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Publisher { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var connStr = "host=192.168.122.199:5672;virtualHost=vhost_lihy;username=admin;password=123456"; using (var bus = RabbitHutch.CreateBus(connStr)) { var input = ""; Console.WriteLine("I'm Publisher"); Console.WriteLine("Please enter a message. 'Quit' to quit."); while ((input = Console.ReadLine()) != "Quit") { bus.Publish(new TextMessage { Text = input }); } } Console.WriteLine("Hello World!"); } } }
可以看到,我们在其中使用EasyNetQ高度封装的接口创建了一个IBus接口的实例,通过这个IBus实例我们可以通过一个超级Easy的Publish接口进行发布消息。这里主要是读取用户在控制台中输入的消息字符串进行发送。实际中,发送的一般都是一个或多个复杂的实体对象。
Subscriber项目,添加以下代码
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
using System; using EasyNetQ; using NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Messages; namespace NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Subscriber1 { class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { var connStr = "host=192.168.122.199:5672;virtualHost=vhost_lihy;username=admin;password=123456"; using (var bus = RabbitHutch.CreateBus(connStr)) { bus.Subscribe<TextMessage>("my_test_subscriptionid", HandleTextMessage); Console.WriteLine("I'm Subscriber1"); Console.WriteLine("Listening for messages. Hit <return> to quit."); Console.ReadLine(); } Console.WriteLine("Hello World!"); } public static void HandleTextMessage(TextMessage textMessage) { Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red; Console.WriteLine("Got message: {0}", textMessage.Text); Console.ResetColor(); } } }
这里主要是通过IBus实例去订阅消息(这里是除非用户关闭程序否则一直处于监听状态),当发布者发布了指定类型的消息之后,这里就把它打印出来(红色字体显示)。
测试:
通过控制台信息查看结果:
二、 WebApi项目
创建上面提到的这几个项目,这里我选择ASP.NET Core WebAPI类型。
分别为这三个项目通过NuGet安装EasyNetQ组件
PM> Install-Package EasyNetQ
在messages 项目中 下面是这个demo用到的一个消息对象实体:通过标签声明队列名称。
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using EasyNetQ; namespace NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Messages { [Queue("Qka.Client", ExchangeName = "Qka.Client")] public class ClientMessage { public int ClientId { get; set; } public string ClientName { get; set; } public string Sex { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } // N: Non-Smoker, S: Smoker public string SmokerCode { get; set; } // Bachelor, Master, Doctor public string Education { get; set; } public decimal YearIncome { get; set; } } }
此外,为了充分简化代码量,EasyNetQ提供了一个AutoSubscriber的方式,可以通过接口和标签快速地让一个类成为Consumer。详细内容参考:https://github.com/EasyNetQ/EasyNetQ/wiki/Auto-Subscriber
这里为了快速的在项目中使用Subscriber,添加一个扩展方法,它会从注入的服务中取出IBus实例对象,并自动帮我们进行Subscriber(那些实现了IConsume接口的类)的注册。具体用法见后面的介绍。
Publisher项目:ClientService
ClientService作为发布者,这里假设我们在API中处理完业务代码后,将message发布给RabbitMQ:
appsettings.json 配置文件
{ "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Warning" } }, "ConnectionStrings": { "RabbitMQ_Conn": "host=192.168.122.199:5672;virtualHost=vhost_lihy;username=admin;password=123456" }, "AllowedHosts": "*" }
Startup.cs 文件,通过以下代码注入统一的IBus实例对象:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2); services.AddSingleton(RabbitHutch.CreateBus(Configuration.GetConnectionString("RabbitMQ_Conn"))); }
创建控制器 ClientController
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; using EasyNetQ; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc; using NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Messages; namespace NETCORE.RabbitMQ.API.Publisher.Controllers { [Produces("application/json")] [Route("api/Client")] public class ClientController : Controller { private readonly IBus bus; public ClientController( IBus _bus) { bus = _bus; } [Route("GetVs")] [HttpGet] public async Task<string> GetVs() { // Business Logic here... // eg.Add new client to your service databases via EF // Sample Publish ClientMessage message = new ClientMessage { ClientId = 12, ClientName = "lihongyuan", Sex ="sss", Age = 29, SmokerCode = "N", Education = "Master", YearIncome = 100000 }; await bus.PublishAsync(message); return "Add Client Success! You will receive some letter later."; } } }
当然,你可以使用同步方法:bus.Publish(message);
Subscriber项目:
订阅者接收消息。
appsettings.json 配置文件
{ "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Warning" } }, "ConnectionStrings": { "RabbitMQ_Conn": "host=192.168.122.199:5672;virtualHost=vhost_lihy;username=admin;password=123456" }, "AllowedHosts": "*" }
Startup.cs 文件,通过以下代码注入统一的IBus实例对象:
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) { services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2); services.AddSingleton(RabbitHutch.CreateBus(Configuration.GetConnectionString("RabbitMQ_Conn"))); }
创建 AppBuilderExtension.cs 类
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
using EasyNetQ; using EasyNetQ.AutoSubscribe; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting; using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Reflection; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace NETCORE.RabbitMQ.API.Subscriber { public static class AppBuilderExtension { public static IApplicationBuilder UseSubscribe(this IApplicationBuilder appBuilder, string subscriptionIdPrefix, Assembly assembly) { var services = appBuilder.ApplicationServices.CreateScope().ServiceProvider; var lifeTime = services.GetService<IApplicationLifetime>(); var bus = services.GetService<IBus>(); lifeTime.ApplicationStarted.Register(() => { var subscriber = new AutoSubscriber(bus, subscriptionIdPrefix); subscriber.Subscribe(assembly); subscriber.SubscribeAsync(assembly); }); lifeTime.ApplicationStopped.Register(() => bus.Dispose()); return appBuilder; } } }
startup.css 文件中
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, IApplicationLifetime lifetime) { ...... // easyNetQ app.UseSubscribe("ClientMessageService", Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()); }
增加订阅类:
![](https://images.cnblogs.com/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
using EasyNetQ.AutoSubscribe; using NETCORE.RabbitMQ.Messages; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace NETCORE.RabbitMQ.API.Subscriber.Consumer { public class ClientMessageConsumer : IConsumeAsync<ClientMessage> { [AutoSubscriberConsumer(SubscriptionId = "ClientMessageService.ZapQuestion")] public Task ConsumeAsync(ClientMessage message) { // Your business logic code here // eg.Generate one ZAP question records into database and send to client // Sample console code System.Console.ForegroundColor = System.ConsoleColor.Red; System.Console.WriteLine("Consume one message from RabbitMQ : {0}, I will generate one ZAP question list to client", message.ClientName); System.Console.ResetColor(); return Task.CompletedTask; } } }
启动后,可查看效果
引用:https://www.cnblogs.com/edisonchou/p/aspnetcore_easynetq_basicdemo_foundation.html