Selenium之使用PageFactory初始化pageobject
2017-07-02 00:24 清风软件测试开发 阅读(1492) 评论(0) 编辑 收藏 举报使用PageFactory初始化pageobject有什么作用呢,下面举个例子来说明
public BaiduPage baiduPage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, BaiduPage.class);
场景:使用selenium 实现自动打开www.baidu.com首页,然后在搜索框内输入“路易”,并点击查找
环境:win7,X86,IE浏览器,eclipse(安装testng插件)
步骤一:
在eclipse中创建一个maven项目,并在pom.xml中引入selenium和testng的依赖
pom.xml <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.selelium.css</groupId> <artifactId>mycss</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>mycss</name> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId> <version>2.48.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.testng</groupId> <artifactId>testng</artifactId> <version>6.9.9</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-ie-driver</artifactId> <version>2.48.2</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.6</source> <target>1.6</target> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
步骤二:
创建初始准备类:
package mycss; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.ie.InternetExplorerDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities; public class InitPre { protected WebDriver driver; private final String url = "www.baidu.com"; public InitPre(){ String IEPath = "C:\\Program Files\\Internet Explorer\\iexplore.exe"; //String IEPath_64 = "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Internet Explorer\\iexplore.exe"; String pro_Path = System.getProperty("user.dir"); String IEDriver_Path = pro_Path + "\\IEDriverServer.exe"; System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.bin", IEPath); System.setProperty("webdriver.ie.driver", IEDriver_Path); DesiredCapabilities ieCapabilities = DesiredCapabilities.internetExplorer(); ieCapabilities.setCapability( InternetExplorerDriver.INTRODUCE_FLAKINESS_BY_IGNORING_SECURITY_DOMAINS, true); driver = new InternetExplorerDriver(ieCapabilities); driver.get(url); } }
步骤3:
将百度首页Pageobject:
package mycss; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.support.FindBy; public class BaiduPage { @FindBy(id = "kw") private WebElement indexInput; public void clearKeys_indexInput() { indexInput.clear(); } public void sendkeys_indexInput(String index) { indexInput.sendKeys(index); } public void click_indexInput() { indexInput.click(); } }
步骤4:
通过PageFactory初始化PageObject对象:
package mycss; import org.openqa.selenium.support.PageFactory; public class InitPage extends InitPre { public BaiduPage baiduPage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, BaiduPage.class); }
步骤5:
编写测试用例:
package mycss; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class IndexTest { IndexTest(){ System.out.println("IndexTest"); } public InitPage initPage=new InitPage(); BaiduPage baiduPage=initPage.baiduPage; @BeforeTest public void inittest(){
} @Test public void index_test(){ baiduPage.clearKeys_indexInput(); baiduPage.sendkeys_indexInput("路易"); baiduPage.click_indexInput(); } }
完成上面的步骤后,执行IndexTest类,然后可以看到打开浏览器,进入百度首页,然后搜索“路易”
查看BaiduPage类可以知道,该类中仅对BaiduPage的控件和方法进行了封装,private WebElement indexInput indexInput并没有实例化,那么执行为什么会不报空指针呢?原因是因为下面的操作,PageFactory.initElements把driver传递给了BaiduPage的对象,当执行到WebElement indexInput indexInput这一步的话,传递的driver会在当前页面中查找该对象。大家可以尝试去掉代码中下面的一步,在执行用例查看运行结果
public BaiduPage baiduPage = PageFactory.initElements(driver, BaiduPage.class);
总结:
Selenium2 引入了PageObject的思想,将每个页面的控件和操作封装成一个个Page类,然后在实现业务逻辑时,只需要调用对应的Page类即可。
PageFactory则是为了支持PageObject而产生的,可以通过InitElements方法给Page类传递driver,当执行到WebElement时,driver在当前的页面中查找元素,这样不需要对WebElement进行实例化。如下面代码:
@FindBy(id = "kw") private WebElement indexInput;