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linux 如何降低入向收包软中断占比

最近遇到一个问题,当tcp收包的时候,我们的服务器的入向软中断比例很高。

我们知道,napi模式,可以降低收包入向软中断占比,那么,针对napi模式,能不能优化?本文针对2.6.32-358内核进行分析:

static void net_rx_action(struct softirq_action *h)
{
    struct list_head *list = &__get_cpu_var(softnet_data).poll_list;
    unsigned long time_limit = jiffies + 2;
    int budget = netdev_budget;----------------这个值可以通过/proc/sys/net/core/netdev_budget修改,默认是300
    void *have;
    int select;
    struct rps_remote_softirq_cpus *rcpus;

    local_irq_disable();

    while (!list_empty(list)) {-------------------不为空,则一直循环
        struct napi_struct *n;
        int work, weight;

        /* If softirq window is exhuasted then punt.
         * Allow this to run for 2 jiffies since which will allow
         * an average latency of 1.5/HZ.
         */
        if (unlikely(budget <= 0 || time_after(jiffies, time_limit)))----------时间到,或者配额到了,则退出循环。
            goto softnet_break;

        local_irq_enable();

        /* Even though interrupts have been re-enabled, this
         * access is safe because interrupts can only add new
         * entries to the tail of this list, and only ->poll()
         * calls can remove this head entry from the list.
         */
        n = list_first_entry(list, struct napi_struct, poll_list);

        have = netpoll_poll_lock(n);

        weight = n->weight;--------------napi配置的weight,这个是一次poll的配额,和上面总的配合一起控制收包,这个在netif_napi_add 函数中设置。
/* This NAPI_STATE_SCHED test is for avoiding a race * with netpoll's poll_napi(). Only the entity which * obtains the lock and sees NAPI_STATE_SCHED set will * actually make the ->poll() call. Therefore we avoid * accidently calling ->poll() when NAPI is not scheduled. */ work = 0; if (test_bit(NAPI_STATE_SCHED, &n->state)) { work = n->poll(n, weight);------------回调poll,不同的厂家有不同的实现,比如intel的ixgbe_poll实现 trace_napi_poll(n); } WARN_ON_ONCE(work > weight); budget -= work; local_irq_disable(); /* Drivers must not modify the NAPI state if they * consume the entire weight. In such cases this code * still "owns" the NAPI instance and therefore can * move the instance around on the list at-will. */ if (unlikely(work == weight)) { if (unlikely(napi_disable_pending(n))) { local_irq_enable(); napi_complete(n); local_irq_disable(); } else list_move_tail(&n->poll_list, list); } netpoll_poll_unlock(have); } out: rcpus = &__get_cpu_var(rps_remote_softirq_cpus); select = rcpus->select; rcpus->select ^= 1; local_irq_enable(); net_rps_action(&rcpus->mask[select]); #ifdef CONFIG_NET_DMA /* * There may not be any more sk_buffs coming right now, so push * any pending DMA copies to hardware */ dma_issue_pending_all(); #endif return; softnet_break: __get_cpu_var(netdev_rx_stat).time_squeeze++; __raise_softirq_irqoff(NET_RX_SOFTIRQ); goto out; }

 从代码可以看出,限制一次调用net_rx_action的地方,无非是时间,还有netdev_budget,如果把netdev_budget 调大,是不是就可以一次性多收一点包呢,意味着触发软中断的次数就会减少,答案是肯定的。

那么默认值来看,netdev_budget 比napi配置的weight要大。


/* initialize NAPI */
netif_napi_add(adapter->netdev, &q_vector->napi,ixgbe_poll, 64);-------传入64


void
netif_napi_add(struct net_device *dev, struct napi_struct *napi, int (*poll)(struct napi_struct *, int), int weight) { INIT_LIST_HEAD(&napi->poll_list); napi->gro_count = 0; napi->gro_list = NULL; napi->skb = NULL; napi->poll = poll; if (weight > NAPI_POLL_WEIGHT) pr_err_once("netif_napi_add() called with weight %d on device %s\n",--------会打印,但是也不会限制 weight, dev->name); napi->weight = weight; list_add(&napi->dev_list, &dev->napi_list); napi->dev = dev; #ifdef CONFIG_NETPOLL spin_lock_init(&napi->poll_lock); napi->poll_owner = -1; #endif set_bit(NAPI_STATE_SCHED, &napi->state);

我们通过将传入的64改大到256,因为在ixgbe_poll 函数中,这个值控制了一次循环收包的个数。

int ixgbe_poll(struct napi_struct *napi, int budget)
{
    struct ixgbe_q_vector *q_vector =
                container_of(napi, struct ixgbe_q_vector, napi);
    struct ixgbe_adapter *adapter = q_vector->adapter;
    struct ixgbe_ring *ring;
    int per_ring_budget;
    bool clean_complete = true;

#ifdef CONFIG_IXGBE_DCA
    if (adapter->flags & IXGBE_FLAG_DCA_ENABLED)
        ixgbe_update_dca(q_vector);
#endif

    ixgbe_for_each_ring(ring, q_vector->tx)----------------------遍历tx队列,跟本文讨论的内容不相关,本文讨论收包
        clean_complete &= !!ixgbe_clean_tx_irq(q_vector, ring);

    if (!ixgbe_qv_lock_napi(q_vector))
        return budget;

    /* attempt to distribute budget to each queue fairly, but don't allow
     * the budget to go below 1 because we'll exit polling */
    if (q_vector->rx.count > 1)
        per_ring_budget = max(budget/q_vector->rx.count, 1);---通过增大 budget,从64改大到256,增加了一次循环收包的个数
    else
        per_ring_budget = budget;

    ixgbe_for_each_ring(ring, q_vector->rx)-----------遍历收包队列,
        clean_complete &= (ixgbe_clean_rx_irq(q_vector, ring,
                   per_ring_budget) < per_ring_budget);

    ixgbe_qv_unlock_napi(q_vector);
    /* If all work not completed, return budget and keep polling */
    if (!clean_complete)
        return budget;

    /* all work done, exit the polling mode */
    napi_complete(napi);
    if (adapter->rx_itr_setting & 1)
        ixgbe_set_itr(q_vector);
    if (!test_bit(__IXGBE_DOWN, &adapter->state))
        ixgbe_irq_enable_queues(adapter, ((u64)1 << q_vector->v_idx));

    return 0;
}

通过将 budget 从64改大到256,同样的入向流量,软中断从25%降低到23%,效果很明显。

那么,能否无限制改大呢,显然不行,一则是改大后,各个队列收包就很难均衡,因为每个队列收完对应的报文之后(除非收空了),才能返回,这样,就关中断时间太长了。

可能有人会问,这个改大收包个数,但是处理软中断的总时间应该没变化,为什么会降低呢,取个极限的例子,napi出来就是应对以前单个包就需要一个中断的问题的,所以单次收包

多一些应该是有用的。

除此之外,通过设置网卡的rx-usecs属性,将这个值改大些,也可以降低软中断的占比。

ethtool -c eth0
Coalesce parameters for eth0:
Adaptive RX: off  TX: off
stats-block-usecs: 0
sample-interval: 0
pkt-rate-low: 0
pkt-rate-high: 0

rx-usecs: 1-------------默认是1,改成512

ethtool –C eth0 rx-usecs 512

 这个减少了硬中断的触发次数,但是呢,显而易见的是,增加了延迟,如果你的系统是要求实时性极高的,可能要减少该值。

第三个方法就是开启gro了,gro开启之后,收包的时候,如果是同一个流的包,且网卡支持gro属性的话,根据协议的回调会尝试进行合并报文,当前由于目前这个流的宏值

只有最多8个流,超过的会直接送上协议栈,不会合并。当然如果是服务器,发包为主的话,其实gro是有害无益的,因为目前的flow个数限制太多,而且对于tcp来说,ack的报文也不会合并。

所以如果是服务器端,要定制化自己的gro,比如使用hash链来管理flow,使用ack合并来减少软中断消耗。

posted on 2018-01-30 19:03  _备忘录  阅读(2006)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报