内存取证工具-volatility、foremost
内存取证
1. 内存取证工具volatility
猜测dump文件的profile值
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem imageinfo
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
INFO : volatility.debug : Determining profile based on KDBG search...
Suggested Profile(s) : WinXPSP2x86, WinXPSP3x86 (Instantiated with WinXPSP2x86)
AS Layer1 : IA32PagedMemoryPae (Kernel AS)
AS Layer2 : FileAddressSpace (/root/CTF/mem.vmem)
PAE type : PAE
DTB : 0xb18000L
KDBG : 0x80546ae0L
Number of Processors : 1
Image Type (Service Pack) : 3
KPCR for CPU 0 : 0xffdff000L
KUSER_SHARED_DATA : 0xffdf0000L
Image date and time : 2016-05-03 04:41:19 UTC+0000
Image local date and time : 2016-05-03 12:41:19 +0800
root@kali:~/CTF#
看到，profile可能是WinXPSP2x86
直接获取volshell
shell的命令：
dt("内核关键数据结构名称"")
如: dt("_PEB")
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 volshell
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
Current context: System @ 0x821b9830, pid=4, ppid=0 DTB=0xb18000
Welcome to volshell! Current memory image is:
file:///root/CTF/mem.vmem
To get help, type 'hh()'
>>> dt("_PEB")
'_PEB' (528 bytes)
0x0 : InheritedAddressSpace ['unsigned char']
0x1 : ReadImageFileExecOptions ['unsigned char']
0x2 : BeingDebugged ['unsigned char']
0x3 : SpareBool ['unsigned char']
0x4 : Mutant ['pointer', ['void']]
0x8 : ImageBaseAddress ['pointer', ['void']]
0xc : Ldr ['pointer', ['_PEB_LDR_DATA']]
0x10 : ProcessParameters ['pointer', ['_RTL_USER_PROCESS_PARAMETERS']]
0x14 : SubSystemData ['pointer', ['void']]
0x18 : ProcessHeap ['pointer', ['void']]
0x1c : FastPebLock ['pointer', ['_RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION']]
0x20 : FastPebLockRoutine ['pointer', ['void']]
0x24 : FastPebUnlockRoutine ['pointer', ['void']]
0x28 : EnvironmentUpdateCount ['unsigned long']
0x2c : KernelCallbackTable ['pointer', ['void']]
0x30 : SystemReserved ['array', 1, ['unsigned long']]
0x34 : AtlThunkSListPtr32 ['unsigned long']
0x38 : FreeList ['pointer', ['_PEB_FREE_BLOCK']]
0x3c : TlsExpansionCounter ['unsigned long']
0x40 : TlsBitmap ['pointer', ['void']]
0x44 : TlsBitmapBits ['array', 2, ['unsigned long']]
0x4c : ReadOnlySharedMemoryBase ['pointer', ['void']]
0x50 : ReadOnlySharedMemoryHeap ['pointer', ['void']]
0x54 : ReadOnlyStaticServerData ['pointer', ['pointer', ['void']]]
0x58 : AnsiCodePageData ['pointer', ['void']]
0x5c : OemCodePageData ['pointer', ['void']]
0x60 : UnicodeCaseTableData ['pointer', ['void']]
0x64 : NumberOfProcessors ['unsigned long']
0x68 : NtGlobalFlag ['unsigned long']
0x70 : CriticalSectionTimeout ['_LARGE_INTEGER']
0x78 : HeapSegmentReserve ['unsigned long']
0x7c : HeapSegmentCommit ['unsigned long']
0x80 : HeapDeCommitTotalFreeThreshold ['unsigned long']
0x84 : HeapDeCommitFreeBlockThreshold ['unsigned long']
0x88 : NumberOfHeaps ['unsigned long']
0x8c : MaximumNumberOfHeaps ['unsigned long']
0x90 : ProcessHeaps ['pointer', ['array', <function <lambda> at 0x7f88d57decf8>, ['pointer', ['_HEAP']]]]
0x94 : GdiSharedHandleTable ['pointer', ['void']]
0x98 : ProcessStarterHelper ['pointer', ['void']]
0x9c : GdiDCAttributeList ['unsigned long']
0xa0 : LoaderLock ['pointer', ['void']]
0xa4 : OSMajorVersion ['unsigned long']
0xa8 : OSMinorVersion ['unsigned long']
0xac : OSBuildNumber ['unsigned short']
0xae : OSCSDVersion ['unsigned short']
0xb0 : OSPlatformId ['unsigned long']
0xb4 : ImageSubsystem ['unsigned long']
0xb8 : ImageSubsystemMajorVersion ['unsigned long']
0xbc : ImageSubsystemMinorVersion ['unsigned long']
0xc0 : ImageProcessAffinityMask ['unsigned long']
0xc4 : GdiHandleBuffer ['array', 34, ['unsigned long']]
0x14c : PostProcessInitRoutine ['pointer', ['void']]
0x150 : TlsExpansionBitmap ['pointer', ['void']]
0x154 : TlsExpansionBitmapBits ['array', 32, ['unsigned long']]
0x1d4 : SessionId ['unsigned long']
0x1d8 : AppCompatFlags ['_ULARGE_INTEGER']
0x1e0 : AppCompatFlagsUser ['_ULARGE_INTEGER']
0x1e8 : pShimData ['pointer', ['void']]
0x1ec : AppCompatInfo ['pointer', ['void']]
0x1f0 : CSDVersion ['_UNICODE_STRING']
0x1f8 : ActivationContextData ['pointer', ['void']]
0x1fc : ProcessAssemblyStorageMap ['pointer', ['void']]
0x200 : SystemDefaultActivationContextData ['pointer', ['void']]
0x204 : SystemAssemblyStorageMap ['pointer', ['void']]
0x208 : MinimumStackCommit ['unsigned long']
>>>
查看进程：
root@kali:~/CTF#
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 pslist
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
Offset(V) Name PID PPID Thds Hnds Sess Wow64 Start Exit
---------- -------------------- ------ ------ ------ -------- ------ ------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------
0x821b9830 System 4 0 62 253 ------ 0
0x81fb9210 smss.exe 552 4 3 19 ------ 0 2016-05-03 04:32:10 UTC+0000
0x81c14da0 csrss.exe 616 552 10 328 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:12 UTC+0000
0x81f81880 winlogon.exe 640 552 18 449 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:12 UTC+0000
0x8208fda0 services.exe 684 640 16 260 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:12 UTC+0000
0x81c32b10 lsass.exe 696 640 18 333 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:12 UTC+0000
0x820a19a0 vmacthlp.exe 852 684 1 25 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:13 UTC+0000
0x81c30458 svchost.exe 864 684 18 201 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:13 UTC+0000
0x81c67020 svchost.exe 948 684 11 238 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:13 UTC+0000
0x81ce7da0 svchost.exe 1040 684 55 1103 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:13 UTC+0000
0x81c25020 svchost.exe 1096 684 4 66 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:13 UTC+0000
0x82002b28 svchost.exe 1256 684 13 194 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:14 UTC+0000
0x81f6c988 explorer.exe 1464 1448 12 329 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:14 UTC+0000
0x82085550 spoolsv.exe 1576 684 13 140 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:14 UTC+0000
0x81f64560 vmtoolsd.exe 1712 1464 5 145 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:15 UTC+0000
0x820a3528 ctfmon.exe 1736 1464 1 78 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:15 UTC+0000
0x81f7d3c0 vmtoolsd.exe 2020 684 7 273 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:23 UTC+0000
0x8207db28 TPAutoConnSvc.e 512 684 5 99 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:25 UTC+0000
0x81c26da0 alg.exe 1212 684 6 105 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:26 UTC+0000
0x81f715c0 wscntfy.exe 1392 1040 1 39 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:26 UTC+0000
0x81e1f520 TPAutoConnect.e 1972 512 1 72 0 0 2016-05-03 04:32:26 UTC+0000
0x81f9d3e8 TrueCrypt.exe 2012 1464 2 139 0 0 2016-05-03 04:33:36 UTC+0000
root@kali:~/CTF#
查看缓存在内存的注册表
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 hivelist
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
Virtual Physical Name
---------- ---------- ----
0xe1e9f9d8 0x0bf169d8 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Windows\UsrClass.dat
0xe1cee5d0 0x0be075d0 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\Administrator\NTUSER.DAT
0xe1b99b60 0x0ae0ab60 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\LocalService\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Windows\UsrClass.dat
0xe1b95008 0x0adc6008 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\LocalService\NTUSER.DAT
0xe1a7c2a8 0x0a76b2a8 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\NetworkService\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Windows\UsrClass.dat
0xe1a72b60 0x0a6e1b60 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\NetworkService\NTUSER.DAT
0xe146c398 0x084a3398 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\software
0xe1699758 0x08246758 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\default
0xe166faa8 0x05e7eaa8 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\SECURITY
0xe16aab60 0x082a6b60 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\SAM
0xe12e9008 0x02d7f008 [no name]
0xe1035b60 0x02b08b60 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\system
0xe102e008 0x02b02008 [no name]
root@kali:~/CTF#
hivedump 打印出注册表中的数据 ：
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 hivedump -o 0xe16aab60
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
Last Written Key
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account
2016-05-03 03:50:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Aliases
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Aliases\000003E9
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Aliases\Members
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Aliases\Members\S-1-5-21-1844237615-1677128483-1801674531
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Aliases\Members\S-1-5-21-1844237615-1677128483-1801674531\000003EA
2016-05-03 03:50:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Aliases\Names
2016-05-03 03:50:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Aliases\Names\HelpServicesGroup
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Groups
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Groups\00000201
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Groups\Names
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Groups\Names\None
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users
2016-05-03 04:32:14 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\000001F4
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\000001F5
2016-05-03 03:50:15 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\000003E8
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\000003EA
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\Names
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\Names\Administrator
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\Names\Guest
2016-05-03 03:50:15 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\Names\HelpAssistant
2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Account\Users\Names\SUPPORT_388945a0
2016-05-03 03:42:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\00000220
2016-05-03 03:42:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\00000221
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\00000222
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\00000223
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\00000227
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\00000228
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\0000022B
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\0000022C
2016-05-03 03:42:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Members
2016-05-03 03:42:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Members\S-1-5
2016-05-03 03:42:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Members\S-1-5\00000004
2016-05-03 03:42:51 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Members\S-1-5\0000000B
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Members\S-1-5-21-1844237615-1677128483-1801674531
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Members\S-1-5-21-1844237615-1677128483-1801674531\000001F4
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Members\S-1-5-21-1844237615-1677128483-1801674531\000001F5
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names\Administrators
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names\Backup Operators
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names\Guests
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names\Network Configuration Operators
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names\Power Users
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names\Remote Desktop Users
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names\Replicator
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Aliases\Names\Users
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Groups
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Groups\Names
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Users
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\Domains\Builtin\Users\Names
2016-05-03 03:41:48 UTC+0000 \SAM\SAM\RXACT
root@kali:~/CTF#
获取SAM表中的用户
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 printkey -K "SAM\Domains\Account\Users\Names"
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
Legend: (S) = Stable (V) = Volatile
----------------------------
Registry: \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\SAM
Key name: Names (S)
Last updated: 2016-05-03 03:51:02 UTC+0000
Subkeys:
(S) Administrator
(S) Guest
(S) HelpAssistant
(S) SUPPORT_388945a0
Values:
REG_NONE : (S)
root@kali:~/CTF#
获取最后登录系统的账户
volatility -f mem.vmem –profile=WinXPSP2x86 printkey -K "SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon"
提取出内存中记录的 当时正在运行的程序有哪些，运行过多少次，最后一次运行的时间等信息
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 userassist
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
----------------------------
Registry: \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\Administrator\NTUSER.DAT
Path: Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\UserAssist\{5E6AB780-7743-11CF-A12B-00AA004AE837}\Count
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:31:34 UTC+0000
Subkeys:
Values:
REG_BINARY UEME_CTLSESSION : Raw Data:
0x00000000 9c 27 8d 0e 01 00 00 00 .'......
REG_BINARY UEME_CTLCUACount:ctor :
ID: 1
Count: 2
Last updated: 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
REG_BINARY UEME_UITOOLBAR :
ID: 1
Count: 5
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:31:34 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 50 d4 8a ac f4 a4 d1 01 ........P.......
REG_BINARY UEME_UITOOLBAR:0x4,7031 :
ID: 1
Count: 3
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:30:11 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 30 de 54 7b f4 a4 d1 01 ........0.T{....
REG_BINARY UEME_UITOOLBAR:0x1,120 :
ID: 1
Count: 2
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:31:34 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 07 00 00 00 50 d4 8a ac f4 a4 d1 01 ........P.......
----------------------------
Registry: \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\Administrator\NTUSER.DAT
Path: Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\UserAssist\{75048700-EF1F-11D0-9888-006097DEACF9}\Count
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:33:36 UTC+0000
Subkeys:
Values:
REG_BINARY UEME_CTLSESSION : Raw Data:
0x00000000 7b 27 8d 0e 01 00 00 00 {'......
REG_BINARY UEME_RUNPIDL:%csidl2%\Windows Media Player.lnk :
ID: 1
Count: 14
Last updated: 2016-05-03 03:52:39 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 13 00 00 00 f0 b1 09 3d ef a4 d1 01 ...........=....
REG_BINARY UEME_RUNPIDL:%csidl2%\Windows Messenger.lnk :
ID: 1
Count: 13
Last updated: 2016-05-03 03:52:39 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 12 00 00 00 f0 b1 09 3d ef a4 d1 01 ...........=....
REG_BINARY U :
ID: 1
Count: 12
Last updated: 2016-05-03 03:52:39 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 11 00 00 00 f0 b1 09 3d ef a4 d1 01 ...........=....
REG_BINARY U :
ID: 1
Count: 11
Last updated: 2016-05-03 03:52:39 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 10 00 00 00 f0 b1 09 3d ef a4 d1 01 ...........=....
REG_BINARY UEME_CTLCUACount:ctor :
ID: 1
Count: 2
Last updated: 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ................
REG_BINARY UEME_RUNCPL :
ID: 1
Count: 1
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:09:17 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 f0 cc 99 8f f1 a4 d1 01 ................
REG_BINARY UEME_RUNCPL:desk.cpl :
ID: 1
Count: 1
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:09:17 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 f0 cc 99 8f f1 a4 d1 01 ................
REG_BINARY UEME_UISCUT :
ID: 1
Count: 8
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:33:35 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 0d 00 00 00 20 a5 ec f4 f4 a4 d1 01 ................
REG_BINARY UEME_RUNPATH :
ID: 1
Count: 13
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:33:36 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 12 00 00 00 70 53 2f f5 f4 a4 d1 01 ........pS/.....
REG_BINARY U :
ID: 1
Count: 1
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:21:44 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 c0 18 b5 4c f3 a4 d1 01 ...........L....
REG_BINARY UEME_RUNPATH:TrueCrypt.lnk :
ID: 1
Count: 3
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:33:35 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 10 ef ee f4 f4 a4 d1 01 ................
REG_BINARY UEME_RUNPATH:C:\Program Files\TrueCrypt\TrueCrypt.exe :
ID: 1
Count: 3
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:33:36 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 08 00 00 00 70 53 2f f5 f4 a4 d1 01 ........pS/.....
REG_BINARY U :
ID: 1
Count: 1
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:24:19 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 06 00 00 00 b0 70 51 a9 f3 a4 d1 01 .........pQ.....
REG_BINARY UEME_RUNPATH:C:\WINDOWS\system32\NOTEPAD.EXE :
ID: 1
Count: 5
Last updated: 2016-05-03 04:29:24 UTC+0000
Raw Data:
0x00000000 01 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00 b0 cb 4e 5f f4 a4 d1 01 ..........N_....
root@kali:~/CTF#
将内存中的某个进程数据以 dmp 的格式保存出来
root@kali:~/CTF# mkdir ctfmon
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 memdump -p 1736 -D ctfmon/
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
************************************************************************
Writing ctfmon.exe [ 1736] to 1736.dmp
root@kali:~/CTF# ls
ctfmon mem.vmem suspicion
root@kali:~/CTF# cd ctfmon/
root@kali:~/CTF/ctfmon# ls
1736.dmp
root@kali:~/CTF/ctfmon#
后续可以使用16进制编辑器分析，或使用strings提取其中的字符串分析。
提取内存中保留的 cmd 命令使用情况 。
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 cmdscan
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
**************************************************
CommandProcess: csrss.exe Pid: 616
CommandHistory: 0x55cc00 Application: TPAutoConnect.exe Flags: Allocated
CommandCount: 0 LastAdded: -1 LastDisplayed: -1
FirstCommand: 0 CommandCountMax: 50
ProcessHandle: 0x628
Cmd #19 @ 0xe300f7: ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
????'+7;GKW|??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????
root@kali:~/CTF#
查看当时网络连接情况
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 netscan
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
ERROR : volatility.debug : This command does not support the profile WinXPSP2x86
root@kali:~/CTF#
获取 IE 浏览器的使用情况
volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 iehistory
获取内存中的系统密码
获取内存中的系统密码，我们可以使用 hashdump 将它提取出来 。
ubuntu@DESKTOP-RO316QM:/mnt/d$ volatility -f easy_dump.img --profile=Win7SP1x64 hashdump
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
Administrator:500:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
Guest:501:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
n3k0:1000:aad3b435b51404eeaad3b435b51404ee:31d6cfe0d16ae931b73c59d7e0c089c0:::
ubuntu@DESKTOP-RO316QM:/mnt/d$
或者：
volatility -f mem.vmem –profile=WinXPSP2x86 hashdump -y （注册表 system 的 virtual 地址 ）-s （SAM 的 virtual 地址）
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 hivelist
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
Virtual Physical Name
---------- ---------- ----
0xe1e9f9d8 0x0bf169d8 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Windows\UsrClass.dat
0xe1cee5d0 0x0be075d0 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\Administrator\NTUSER.DAT
0xe1b99b60 0x0ae0ab60 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\LocalService\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Windows\UsrClass.dat
0xe1b95008 0x0adc6008 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\LocalService\NTUSER.DAT
0xe1a7c2a8 0x0a76b2a8 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\NetworkService\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\Windows\UsrClass.dat
0xe1a72b60 0x0a6e1b60 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\Documents and Settings\NetworkService\NTUSER.DAT
0xe146c398 0x084a3398 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\software
0xe1699758 0x08246758 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\default
0xe166faa8 0x05e7eaa8 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\SECURITY
0xe16aab60 0x082a6b60 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\SAM
0xe12e9008 0x02d7f008 [no name]
0xe1035b60 0x02b08b60 \Device\HarddiskVolume1\WINDOWS\system32\config\system
0xe102e008 0x02b02008 [no name]
root@kali:~/CTF#
root@kali:~/CTF# volatility -f mem.vmem --profile=WinXPSP2x86 hashdump -y 0xe1035b60 -s 0xe16aab60
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
timeliner
最大程度上将内存中的信息提取出来，那么你可以使用 timeliner 这个插件。它会从多个位置来收集系统的活动信息
volatility -f mem.vmem –profile=WinXPSP2x86 timeliner
查找镜像中的文件
ubuntu@DESKTOP-RO316QM:/mnt/d$ volatility -f easy_dump.img --profile=Win7SP1x64 filescan | grep -E 'jpg|png|jpeg|bmp|gif'
Volatility Foundation Volatility Framework 2.6
0x000000002408c460 32 0 RW---- \Device\HarddiskVolume1\phos.jpg
ubuntu@DESKTOP-RO316QM:/mnt/d$
Linux下命令
可以通过linux_route_cache参数查看路由表情况
使用linux_lsof命令查看1517和27157进程相关的文件
使用linux_netstat查看网络链接情况。
使用linux_psaux检查进程详细信息
使用linux_proc_maps参数，可以查看进程细节包括共享库、开始和结束的位置等信息
使用linux_find_file查看可疑文件的位置
Processes
linux_pslist
linux_psaux
linux_pstree
linux_pslist_cache
linux_pidhashtable
linux_psxview
linux_lsof
Process Memory
linux_memmap
linux_proc_maps
linux_dump_map
linux_bash
Kernel Memory and Objects
linux_lsmod
linux_moddump
linux_tmpfs
Rootkit Detection
linux_check_afinfo
linux_check_tty
linux_keyboard_notifier
linux_check_creds
linux_check_fop
linux_check_idt
linux_check_syscall
linux_check_modules
linux_check_creds
Networking
linux_arp
linux_ifconfig
linux_route_cache
linux_netstat
linux_pkt_queues
linux_sk_buff_cache
System Information
linux_cpuinfo
linux_dmesg
linux_iomem
linux_slabinfo
linux_mount
linux_mount_cache
linux_dentry_cache
linux_find_file
linux_vma_cache
Miscellaneous
linux_volshell
linux_yarascan
2. foremost
Foremost是基于文件开始格式，文件结束标志和内部数据结构进行恢复文件的程序。
foremost命令参数英文中文说明：
$ foremost [-v|-V|-h|-T|-Q|-q|-a|-w-d] [-t
[-b
-V - 显示版权信息并退出
-t - 指定文件类型. (-t jpeg,pdf ...)
-d -打开间接块检测 (针对UNIX文件系统)
-i - 指定输入文件 (默认为标准输入)
-a - 写入所有的文件头部, 不执行错误检测(损坏文件)
-w - 向磁盘写入审计文件，不写入任何检测到的文件
-o - 设置输出目录 (默认为为输出)
-c - 设置配置文件 (默认为 foremost.conf)
-q - 启用快速模式. 在512字节边界执行搜索.
-Q - 启用安静模式. 禁用输出消息.
-v - 详细模式. 向屏幕上记录所有消息。
foremost 扫描误删文件
如果误删一个png文件，可以 foremost -t png -i /dev/sda1
恢复内存中dump出的文件
先用volatility提取出对应pid的进程的数据，然后foremost 2616.dump
3. binwalk
递归提取 binwalk -Me firmware.bin
自动化（自动）提取 binwalk -e firmware.bin
https://www.freebuf.com/column/152545.html
https://www.freebuf.com/articles/system/26763.html
