汽车交易情况分析及价格预测2_特征工程

一、特征构造

# 训练集和测试集放在一起，方便构造特征
train['train']=1
test_data['train']=0
data = pd.concat([train, test_data], ignore_index=True, sort=False)

增加新特征：使用时间

data['used_time'] = (pd.to_datetime(data['creatDate'], format='%Y%m%d', errors='coerce') -pd.to_datetime(data['regDate'], format='%Y%m%d', errors='coerce')).dt.days

增加新特征：城市

data['city'] = data['regionCode'].apply(lambda x : str(x)[:-3])

增加新特征：某品牌的销售统计量

train_gb = train_data.groupby("brand")
all_info = {}
for kind, kind_data in train_gb:
info = {}
kind_data = kind_data[kind_data['price'] > 0]
info['brand_amount'] = len(kind_data)
info['brand_price_max'] = kind_data.price.max()
info['brand_price_median'] = kind_data.price.median()
info['brand_price_min'] = kind_data.price.min()
info['brand_price_sum'] = kind_data.price.sum()
info['brand_price_std'] = kind_data.price.std()
info['brand_price_average'] = round(kind_data.price.sum() / (len(kind_data) + 1), 2)
all_info[kind] = info
brand_fe = pd.DataFrame(all_info).T.reset_index().rename(columns={"index": "brand"})
data = data.merge(brand_fe, how='left', on='brand')

 

数据分桶

bin = [i*10 for i in range(31)]
data['power_bin'] = pd.cut(data['power'], bin, labels=False)
data[['power_bin', 'power']].head()

# 删掉原始数据
data = data.drop(['SaleID','creatDate', 'regDate', 'regionCode'], axis=1)
print(data.shape)
data.columns

 

二、数据导出

不同模型对数据集的要求不同

用于树模型

data.to_csv('data_for_tree.csv', index=0)

 

用于LR NN 之类的模型

#观察power的分布

data['power'].plot.hist()

 

 #对其取 log，做归一化

from sklearn import preprocessing
min_max_scaler = preprocessing.MinMaxScaler()
data['power'] = np.log(data['power'] + 1)
data['power'] = ((data['power'] - np.min(data['power'])) / (np.max(data['power']) - np.min(data['power'])))
data['power'].plot.hist()

 

 

# 对km做归一化
data['kilometer'] = ((data['kilometer'] - np.min(data['kilometer'])) /
(np.max(data['kilometer']) - np.min(data['kilometer'])))
data['kilometer'].plot.hist()

 

# 对类别特征进行 OneEncoder
data = pd.get_dummies(data, columns=['model', 'brand', 'bodyType', 'fuelType',
'gearbox', 'notRepairedDamage', 'power_bin'])

# 这份数据给 LR 使用
data.to_csv('data_for_lr.csv', index=0)