实验一

实验任务1:

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// 现代C++标准库、算法库体验
// 本例用到以下内容:
// 1. 字符串string, 动态数组容器类vector、迭代器
// 2. 算法库:反转元素次序、旋转元素
// 3. 函数模板、const引用作为形参
 
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
 
using namespace std;
 
// 声明
// 模板函数声明
template<typename T>
void output(const T &c);
 
// 普通函数声明
void test1();
void test2();
void test3();
 
int main() {
    cout << "测试1: \n";
    test1();
 
    cout << "\n测试2: \n";
    test2();
 
    cout << "\n测试3: \n";
    test3();
}
 
// 函数实现
// 输出容器对象c中的元素
template <typename T>
void output(const T &c) {
    for(auto &i: c)
        cout << i << " ";
    cout << endl;
}
 
// 测试1
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、string反转字符串
void test1() {
    string s0{"0123456789"};
    cout << "s0 = " << s0 << endl;
 
    string s1{s0};
    reverse(s1.begin(), s1.end());  // 反转指定迭代器区间的元素
    cout << "s1 = " << s1 << endl;
 
    string s2{s0};
    reverse_copy(s0.begin(), s0.end(), s2.begin()); // 将指定迭代区间的元素拷贝到指定迭代器开始的目标区间,并且在复制过程中反转次序
    cout << "s2 = " << s2 << endl;
}
 
// 测试2
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector反转动态数组对象vector内数据
void test2() {
    vector<int> v0{2, 0, 4, 9};
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);
 
    vector<int> v1{v0};
    reverse(v1.begin(), v1.end());
    cout << "v1: ";
    output(v1);
 
    vector<int> v2{v0};
    reverse_copy(v0.begin(), v0.end(), v2.begin());
    cout << "v2: ";
    output(v2);
}
 
// 测试3
// 组合使用算法库、迭代器、vector实现元素旋转移位
void test3() {
    vector<int> v0{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);
 
    vector<int> v1{v0};
    rotate(v1.begin(), v1.begin()+1, v1.end());  // 旋转指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())之间的数据项,旋转后从迭代器v1.begin()+1位置的数据项开始
    cout << "v1: ";
    output(v1);
 
    vector<int> v2{v0};
    rotate(v2.begin(), v2.begin()+2, v2.end());
    cout << "v2: ";
    output(v2);
 
    vector<int> v3{v0};
    rotate(v3.begin(), v3.end()-1, v3.end());
    cout << "v3: ";
    output(v3);
 
    vector<int> v4{v0};
    rotate(v4.begin(), v4.end()-2, v4.end());
    cout << "v4: ";
    output(v4);
}

  

实验任务2:

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#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include <numeric>
#include <iomanip>
 
using namespace std;
 
// 函数声明
// 模板函数声明
template<typename T>
void output(const T &c);
 
// 普通函数声明
int rand_int_100();
void test1();
void test2();
 
int main() {
    cout << "测试1: \n";
    test1();
 
    cout << "\n测试2: \n";
    test2();
}
 
// 函数实现
// 输出容器对象c中的元素
template <typename T>
void output(const T &c) {
    for(auto &i: c)
        cout << i << " ";
    cout << endl;
}
 
// 返回[0, 100]区间内的一个随机整数
int rand_int_100() {
    return rand() % 101;
}
 
// 测试1
// 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、排序
void test1() {
    vector<int> v0(10);  // 创建一个动态数组对象v0, 对象大小为10
    generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100); // 产生[0, 100]之间的随机整数赋值给指定迭代器区间[v0.begin(), v0.end())内的每个数据项
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);
 
    vector<int> v1{v0};
    sort(v1.begin(), v1.end()); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin(), v1.end())内数据项进行升序排序
    cout << "v1: ";
    output(v1);
 
    vector<int> v2{v0};
    sort(v2.begin()+1, v2.end()-1); // 对指定迭代器区间[v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1)内数据项进行升序排序
    cout << "v2: ";
    output(v2);
}
 
// 测试2
// 对容器类对象指定迭代器区间进行赋值、计算最大值/最小值/均值
void test2() {
    vector<int> v0(10); 
    generate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), rand_int_100);
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);
 
    auto iter1 = min_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
    cout << "最小值: " << *iter1 << endl;
 
    auto iter2 = max_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
    cout << "最大值: " << *iter2 << endl;
 
    auto ans = minmax_element(v0.begin(), v0.end());
    cout << "最小值: " << *(ans.first) << endl;
    cout << "最大值: " << *(ans.second) << endl;
    double avg1 = accumulate(v0.begin(), v0.end(), 0)/v0.size();
    cout << "均值: " << fixed << setprecision(2) << avg1 << endl;
 
    cout << endl;
 
    vector<int> v1{v0};
    cout << "v0: ";
    output(v0);
    sort(v1.begin(), v1.end());
    double avg2 = accumulate(v1.begin()+1, v1.end()-1, 0)/(v1.size()-2);
    cout << "去掉最大值、最小值之后,均值: " << avg2 << endl;
}

  

实验任务3:

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#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
 
bool is_palindrome(std::string s);
 
int main() {
    using namespace std;
    string s;
 
    while(cin >> s)  // 多组输入,直到按下Ctrl+Z后结束测试
        cout << boolalpha << is_palindrome(s) << endl;
}
 
 
bool is_palindrome(std::string s){
    std::string t{s};
    reverse(s.begin(),s.end());
    if(s==t)
    return true;
    else
    return false;
}

  

实验任务4:

 

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#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
#include<vector>
std::string dec2n(int x, int n = 2);
int main() {
    using namespace std;
    int x;
    while (cin >> x) {
        cout << "十进制: " << x << endl;
        cout << "二进制: " << dec2n(x) << endl;
        cout << "八进制: " << dec2n(x, 8) << endl;
        cout << "十六进制: " << dec2n(x, 16) << endl << endl;
    }
 
}
std::string dec2n(int x, int n) {
    if (x == 0)
    {
        std::string a;
        a = char(48);
        return a;
    }
    int num;
    std::vector<char> vec;
    while (x != 0) {
        num = x % n;
        x = x / n;
        if (num == 10)
            vec.insert(vec.begin(),num + 55);
        else if (num == 11)
            vec.insert(vec.begin(), num + 55);
        else if (num == 12)
            vec.insert(vec.begin(), num + 55);
        else if (num == 13)
            vec.insert(vec.begin(), num + 55);
        else if (num == 14)
            vec.insert(vec.begin(), num + 55);
        else if (num == 15)
            vec.insert(vec.begin(), num + 55);
        else
            vec.insert(vec.begin(), num + 48);
    }
     
    std::string s;
    for (auto i : vec) {
        s = s + i;
    }
     
    return s;
}

  

实验任务5:

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#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<vector>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    vector<char> vec1;
    vector<char> vec2;
    vector<char> vec3;
    for (char i = 'A'; i <= 'Z'; ++i) {
        vec1.push_back(i);
    }
    for (char i = 'a'; i <= 'z'; ++i) {
        vec2.push_back(i);
    }
    cout <<"  ";
    for (auto i : vec2) {
        cout << setw(2) << i;
    }
    cout << endl;
    for (int i = 1; i <= 26; i++) {
        rotate(vec1.begin(), vec1.begin() + 1, vec1.end());
        cout << setw(2) << i;
        for (auto i : vec1) {
            cout << setw(2) << i;
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
 
}

  

实验任务6:

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#include<iostream>
#include<vector>
#include<random>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
int main() {
    vector<int> v1{ 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 };
    vector<char> v2{'+','-','*','/'};
    //创建随机数引擎
    random_device rd;
    mt19937 gen(rd());
    uniform_int_distribution<> dist1(0, v1.size() - 1);
    uniform_int_distribution<> dist2(0, v2.size() - 1);
    int N = 10;
    int a,c;
    char b;
    double correct = 0;
    while (N--) {
 
        int random_num1 = dist1(gen);
        int random_num2 = dist2(gen);
        a = v1[random_num1];
        b = v2[random_num2];
        cout << v1[random_num1] << setw(2) << v2[random_num2];
        random_num1 = dist1(gen);
        while (random_num1 == 0 && random_num2 == 3) {
            random_num1 = dist1(gen);
        }
        while (a < v1[random_num1]&&random_num2==1) {
            random_num1 = dist1(gen);
        }
 
        cout << setw(2) << v1[random_num1] << setw(2) << "==";
        int c;
        cin >> c;
        int ans=0;
        if (random_num2 == 0)
            ans = a + random_num1;
        else if(random_num2 == 1)
            ans = a - random_num1;
        else if (random_num2 == 2)
            ans = a * random_num1;
        else if (random_num2 == 3)
            ans = a / random_num1;
        if (c == ans)
            ++correct;
    }
    cout << "正确率:" <<fixed << setprecision(2) << correct *10 << "%";
     
}

  

 

posted @   王勇智  阅读(12)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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