spring + springMVC + spring Data + jpa + maven 项目框架搭建
首先看一下项目结构：
所用到的jar(pom.xml):
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.ajie.wechat</groupId> <artifactId>ajie-wechat</artifactId> <packaging>jar</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>ajie-wechat</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>4.3.11.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>4.3.11.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId> <version>4.3.11.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.35</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.7.12</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.jolbox</groupId> <artifactId>bonecp</artifactId> <version>0.8.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.jolbox</groupId> <artifactId>bonecp-spring</artifactId> <version>0.8.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.jolbox</groupId> <artifactId>bonecp-provider</artifactId> <version>0.8.0-alpha1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cglib</groupId> <artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId> <version>3.2.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-collections</groupId> <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId> <version>3.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>ant</groupId> <artifactId>ant</artifactId> <version>1.6.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.avro</groupId> <artifactId>avro</artifactId> <version>1.7.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId> <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId> <version>1.9.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.3.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>dom4j</groupId> <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>net.sf.ezmorph</groupId> <artifactId>ezmorph</artifactId> <version>1.0.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId> <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId> <version>2.3.23</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId> <artifactId>guava</artifactId> <version>18.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.20.0-GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId> <version>3.3.0.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- jackson --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.5.0</version> </dependency> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.data/spring-data-jpa --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId> <version>1.7.1.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <!-- 编码和编译 --> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.7</source> <target>1.7</target> <encoding>utf8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> <finalName>ajie-wechat</finalName> </build> </project>
spring配置文件(applicationContext.xml):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache" xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws" xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.1.xsd http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd" default-lazy-init="true"> <!-- 启动组件扫描，排除@Controller组件，该组件由SpringMVC配置文件扫描 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ajie.wechat"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <!-- 属性文件位置 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <!-- 数据源 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.jolbox.bonecp.BoneCPDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!-- 数据库驱动 --> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> <!-- 相应驱动的jdbcUrl--> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <!-- 数据库的用户名 --> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <!-- 数据库的密码 --> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> </bean> <!-- JPA实体管理器工厂 --> <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" /> <!-- 加入定制化包路径 --> <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ajie.wechat.model" /> <property name="jpaProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop><!-- validate/update/create --> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">false</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">false</prop> <!-- 建表的命名规则 --> <prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 设置JPA实现厂商的特定属性 --> <bean id="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"> <property name="databasePlatform" value="${hibernate.dialect}"/> </bean> <!-- Jpa 事务配置 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/> </bean> <!-- Spring Data Jpa配置 --> <jpa:repositories base-package="com.ajie.wechat" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/> <!-- 使用annotation定义事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" /> </beans>
springMVC配置文件(spring-mvc.xml):
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd" > <!-- 启用SpringMVC的注解功能,它会自动注册HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter、ExceptionResolver的相关实例 --> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <!-- SpringMVC的扫描范围 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.ajie.wechat.controller" use-default-filters="false"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/> </context:component-scan> <!-- 默认访问跳转到登录页面，即定义无Controller的path<->view直接映射 <mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="redirect:/login"/> --> <!-- 静态文件访问 --> <!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" /> --> <!-- 用于返回json格式 --> <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> <property name="messageConverters"> <list> <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 配置SpringMVC的视图解析器 --> <!-- 其viewClass属性的默认值就是org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <!-- <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" /> --> <property name="prefix" value="/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".html" /> </bean> <!-- 总错误处理--> <!-- <bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver"> <property name="defaultErrorView"> <value>/base/error</value> </property> <property name="defaultStatusCode"> <value>500</value> </property> <property name="warnLogCategory"> <value>org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver</value> </property> </bean> --> <!-- 静态资源加载 --> <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" /> <mvc:resources location="/images/" mapping="/images/**" /> <mvc:resources location="/ATTACHMENT/" mapping="/ATTACHMENT/**" /> </beans>
连接数据库配置文件(jdbc.properties)：
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/ajie?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8 jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=Jovaunn1 hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect BoneCP.idleConnectionTestPeriod=60 BoneCP.idleMaxAge=60 BoneCP.maxConnectionsPerPartition=5 BoneCP.minConnectionsPerPartition=1 BoneCP.partitionCount=3 BoneCP.acquireIncrement=2 BoneCP.statementsCacheSize=0 BoneCP.releaseHelperThreads=3
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 防止发生java.beans.Introspector内存泄露,应将它配置在ContextLoaderListener的前面 --> <!-- 详细描述见http://blog.csdn.net/jadyer/article/details/11991457 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 实例化Spring容器 --> <!-- 应用启动时,该监听器被执行,它会读取Spring相关配置文件,其默认会到WEB-INF中查找applicationContext.xml --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 配置编码过滤器 --> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter </filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置spring管理OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter--> <!-- OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter会让session一直到view层调用结束后才关闭 Spring针对Hibernate的非JPA实现用的是OpenSessionInViewFilter，原理与这个大同小异 --> <filter> <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> <filter-class> org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter </filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>hibernateFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 用默认的servlet来处理资源 --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.jpg</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.png</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.gif</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.woff</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.ttf</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.map</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.css</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>default</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- SpringMVC核心分发器 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class> org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet </servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath*:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
下面是程序测试代码(接口使用RESTful风格)：
1.model实体 User.java
package com.ajie.wechat.model; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.Table; @Entity @Table(name = "user") public class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 7419229779731522702L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) @Column(name = "userId") private Long id; @Column(length = 50) private String account; public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getAccount() { return account; } public void setAccount(String account) { this.account = account; } public static long getSerialversionuid() { return serialVersionUID; } }
2.Dao
package com.ajie.wechat.dao; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import com.ajie.wechat.model.User; public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User, Long> { }
3.Service
package com.ajie.wechat.service; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; import com.ajie.wechat.dao.UserDao; import com.ajie.wechat.model.User; @Service @Transactional public class UserService { @Autowired private UserDao userDao; public String add(User user){ userDao.save(user); return "添加成功！"; } public String addUser(String account){ User user = new User(); user.setAccount(account); userDao.save(user); return "添加成功！"; } public User getOneUser(Long id){ return userDao.findOne(id); } }
4.controller层使用@RestController(等同于@Controller + @ResponseBody)
package com.ajie.wechat.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.http.MediaType; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.ajie.wechat.model.User; import com.ajie.wechat.service.UserService; @RestController @RequestMapping(value = "/frame") public class UserController { @Autowired private UserService userService; @RequestMapping(value = "/saveUser", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE + ";charset=UTF-8") public String saveUser(@RequestBody User user){ return userService.add(user); } @RequestMapping(value = "/saveUser/{account}", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE + ";charset=UTF-8") public String add(@PathVariable String account){ return userService.addUser(account); } @RequestMapping(value = "/user/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE + ";charset=UTF-8") public User add(@PathVariable Long id){ return userService.getOneUser(id); } }
一些需要注意的地方:
spring的配置:
