Power Tower(广义欧拉降幂)

题意:https://codeforc.es/contest/906/problem/D

计算区间的:

ai ^ ai+1 ^ ai+2.......ar 。

思路:

广义欧拉降幂:

注意是自下而上递归使用欧拉降幂,比如求:a^b^c == a^(b^c%phi(mod)+?) == a^(b^(c%phi(phi(mod))+?+?)

而不是:a^b^c == a^b^(c%phi(mod)+?) == a^(b^(c%phi(mod)+?)%phi(mod)+?)  这样本身就是不对的,次方不是这么算的。

注意:因为判断要不要+phi(mod),所有快速幂里面就要开始搞搞,自己标个flag,或者直接重定义Mod == return x>=m?x%m+m:x;

注意:快速幂里的break

  1 #define IOS ios_base::sync_with_stdio(0); cin.tie(0);
  2 #include <cstdio>//sprintf islower isupper
  3 #include <cstdlib>//malloc  exit strcat itoa system("cls")
  4 #include <iostream>//pair
  5 #include <fstream>//freopen("C:\\Users\\13606\\Desktop\\草稿.txt","r",stdin);
  6 #include <bitset>
  7 #include <map>
  8 //#include<unordered_map>
  9 #include <vector>
 10 #include <stack>
 11 #include <set>
 12 #include <string.h>//strstr substr
 13 #include <string>
 14 #include <time.h>//srand(((unsigned)time(NULL))); Seed n=rand()%10 - 0~9;
 15 #include <cmath>
 16 #include <deque>
 17 #include <queue>//priority_queue<int, vector<int>, greater<int> > q;//less
 18 #include <vector>//emplace_back
 19 //#include <math.h>
 20 //#include <windows.h>//reverse(a,a+len);// ~ ! ~ ! floor
 21 #include <algorithm>//sort + unique : sz=unique(b+1,b+n+1)-(b+1);+nth_element(first, nth, last, compare)
 22 using namespace std;//next_permutation(a+1,a+1+n);//prev_permutation
 23 #define fo(a,b,c) for(register int a=b;a<=c;++a)
 24 #define fr(a,b,c) for(register int a=b;a>=c;--a)
 25 #define mem(a,b) memset(a,b,sizeof(a))
 26 #define pr printf
 27 #define sc scanf
 28 #define ls rt<<1
 29 #define rs rt<<1|1
 30 typedef long long ll;
 31 void swapp(int &a,int &b);
 32 double fabss(double a);
 33 int maxx(int a,int b);
 34 int minn(int a,int b);
 35 int Del_bit_1(int n);
 36 int lowbit(int n);
 37 int abss(int a);
 38 //const long long INF=(1LL<<60);
 39 const double E=2.718281828;
 40 const double PI=acos(-1.0);
 41 const int inf=(1<<30);
 42 const double ESP=1e-9;
 43 //const int mod=(int)1e9+7;
 44 const int N=(int)1e6+10;
 45 
 46 ll a[N];
 47 map<ll,ll>mp;
 48 long long phi(long long n)//a^(b mod phi(c)+phi(c)) mod c
 49 {
 50     if(mp.count(n))return mp[n];//记忆化;
 51     long long i,rea=n,temp=n;
 52     for(i=2;i*i<=n;i++)
 53     {
 54         if(n%i==0)
 55         {
 56             rea=rea-rea/i;
 57             while(n%i==0)
 58                 n/=i;
 59         }
 60     }
 61     if(n>1)
 62         rea=rea-rea/n;
 63     mp[temp]=rea;
 64     return rea;
 65 }
 66 ll Mod(ll x, ll m)
 67 {
 68     return x>=m?x%m+m:x;
 69 }
 70 long long qpow(long long a,long long b,long long mod)
 71 {
 72     long long ans,fl=0;
 73 //    ll ta=a,tb=b,tta=a;
 74     ans=1;
 75     while(b!=0)
 76     {
 77         if(b&1)
 78         {
 79             if(ans*a>=mod)fl=1;
 80             ans=ans*a%mod;
 81         }
 82         b/=2;
 83         if(!b)break;
 84         if(a*a>=mod)fl=1;
 85         a=a*a%mod;
 86     }
 87     return ans+(fl?mod:0);
 88 }
 89 ll solve(int l,int r,ll mod)//返回l~r计算结果;    听说phi(phi(mod))~==~mod/2所有最多log次;
 90 {
 91     if(l==r||mod==1)return Mod(a[l],mod);//任何数%1都是0,不用再算了;
 92     return qpow(a[l],solve(l+1,r,phi(mod)),mod);//假设我已经知道了l+1~r的结果:递归下去;
 93 }
 94 
 95 int main()
 96 {
 97     int n;
 98     ll p;
 99     sc("%d%lld",&n,&p);
100     fo(i,1,n)sc("%lld",&a[i]);
101     int ask;sc("%d",&ask);
102     while(ask--)
103     {
104         int l,r;
105         sc("%d%d",&l,&r);
106         pr("%lld\n",solve(l,r,p)%p);
107     }
108     return 0;
109 }
110 
111 /**************************************************************************************/
112 
113 int maxx(int a,int b)
114 {
115     return a>b?a:b;
116 }
117 
118 void swapp(int &a,int &b)
119 {
120     a^=b^=a^=b;
121 }
122 
123 int lowbit(int n)
124 {
125     return n&(-n);
126 }
127 
128 int Del_bit_1(int n)
129 {
130     return n&(n-1);
131 }
132 
133 int abss(int a)
134 {
135     return a>0?a:-a;
136 }
137 
138 double fabss(double a)
139 {
140     return a>0?a:-a;
141 }
142 
143 int minn(int a,int b)
144 {
145     return a<b?a:b;
146 }

 

posted @ 2019-09-02 09:53  ZMWLxh  阅读(621)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报