MYSQL + MHA +keepalive + VIP安装配置(三)--keepalived安装配置
一、概述
keepalived介绍：Keepalived的作用是检测web服务器的状态，如果有一台web服务器死机，或工作出现故障，Keepalived将检测到，并将有故障的web 服务器从系统中剔除，当web服务器工作正常后Keepalived自动将web服务器加入到服务器群中，这些工作全部自动完成，不需要人工干涉，需要人 工做的只是修复故障的web服务器。
二、环境
vip:192.168.1.203\204 mysql-master:192.168.1.231 mysql-slave:192.168.1.232
三、keepalived安装
安装步骤两台机mysql-master、mysql-slave一样，如下：
1、下载地址：http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz
shell>wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz
2、安装环境
yum -y install openssl-devel
否则会报如下错误
configure: error: !!! OpenSSL is not properly installed on your system. !!! !!! Can not include OpenSSL headers files.
3、安装
shell>tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.12.tar.gz shell>cd keepalived-1.2.12 shell>./configure --prefix=/opt/keepalived --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64/ shell>make shell>make install
说明：
--prefix：安装路径
--with-kernel-dir：这个是重要的参数，这个参数并不表示我们要把Keepalived统进内核，而是指使用内核源码里面的头文件，也就是include目录。
2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64可以通过
shell>uname -r 命令查看到
4、配置
# cp /opt/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/rc.d/init.d/ # cp /opt/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ # mkdir /etc/keepalived # cp /opt/keepalived/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf /etc/keepalived/ # cp /opt/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/
5、启动/停止
shell>service keepalived start shell>service keepalived stop shell>service keepalived restart
四、keepalived配置
1、mysql-master:192.168.1.231的配置
shell>vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
配置如下：
global_defs {
router_id mysql-master #修改为自己的主机名
notification_email {
mengtao10@163.com #接收邮件，可以有多个，一行一个
}
#当主、备份设备发生改变时，通过邮件通知
notification_email_from lzyangel@126.com
#发送邮箱服务器
smtp_server stmp.163.com
#发送邮箱超时时间
smtp_connect_timeout 30
}
##################第一部分###################
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #都修改成BACKUP
interface eth0 #绑定的网卡
virtual_router_id 60 #默认51 主从都修改为60
priority 100 #优先级，在mysql-slave上LVS上修改成80
advert_int 1
nopreempt #不抢占资源，意思就是它活了之后也不会再把主抢回来
authentication {
# 认证方式，可以是PASS或AH两种认证方式
auth_type PASS
# 认证密码
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.203
192.168.1.204 #这可以增加多个VIP
}
}
##################第二部分###################
virtual_server 192.168.1.203 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.231 3306 {
weight 1
notify_down /root/mysql_down.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
2、mysql-master:192.168.1.232的配置
shell>vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
配置如下：
global_defs {
router_id mysql-master #修改为自己的主机名
notification_email {
mengtao10@163.com #接收邮件，可以有多个，一行一个
}
#当主、备份设备发生改变时，通过邮件通知
notification_email_from lzyangel@126.com
#发送邮箱服务器
smtp_server stmp.163.com
#发送邮箱超时时间
smtp_connect_timeout 30
}
##################第一部分###################
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP #都修改成BACKUP
interface eth0 #绑定的网卡
virtual_router_id 60 #默认51 主从都修改为60
priority 80 #优先级，在mysql-master上LVS上修改成100
advert_int 1
authentication {
# 认证方式，可以是PASS或AH两种认证方式
auth_type PASS
# 认证密码
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.203
192.168.1.204 #这可以增加多个VIP
}
}
##################第二部分###################
virtual_server 192.168.1.203 3306 {
delay_loop 6
lb_algo wrr
lb_kind DR
nat_mask 255.255.255.0
persistence_timeout 50
protocol TCP
real_server 192.168.1.232 3306 {
weight 1
notify_down /root/mysql_down.sh
TCP_CHECK {
connect_timeout 10
nb_get_retry 3
connect_port 3306
}
}
}
3、myslq_down.sh配置，两台机都要配置这一步！！！
这里需要注意的是，notify_down /root/mysql_down.sh这个选项，这个是是在keepalived检测不到mysql的时候要执行的脚本，从上面的配置文件来看real服务器只有本机。那么，keeaplived如果启动，客户端也只是访问本机的mysql。nopreempt这个选下也得注意，这个是不抢占资源在优先级高的机器上配置就可以。
看下这个脚本的内容：
# vim /root/mysql_down.sh #!/bin/bash pkill keepalived # chmod +x /root/mysql_down.sh #授权可执行权限
脚本内容就一条命令：pkill keepalived，主要作用是如果本机的mysql挂掉了，那么同时会杀死本机的keepalived，这样另外一台就会接替他工作，虚拟IP也会被另一台接管，如果不杀死keepalived虚拟IP不会被另一台接管，mysql访问也就不会切换过去。
注意：必须要先启动MYSQL,再启动keepalived，否则keepalived启动后会运行mysql_down.sh脚本，等于自杀。
4、mysql-master(231)启动后查看IP的绑定情况，如下：
shell> ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:cc:92:22 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.232/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.203/32 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.204/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fecc:9222/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
五、测试
1、231、232两台机同时启动MYSQL及Keepalived.
通过win cmd 命令行的客户端(或程序)连接VIP：192.168.1.203或204，如下：
C:\Users\Duncan>mysql -h192.168.1.203 -usunney -psunney Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1440 Server version: 5.5.37-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sunney | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.04 sec) mysql>
注意：这时存储的数据库是mysql-master(192.168.1.231)因为他是主库。配置 priority 100 优先级高。
2、mysql-slave(232)的机同时关闭MYSQL及Keepalived.这时关闭上以上的是一样的。因为他没有走这个库。
3、mysql-master(231)同时关闭MYSQL及Keepalived,mysql-slave(232)同时启动MYSQL及Keepalived
切换很快，大概在2到3秒之间！
通过win cmd 命令行的客户端(或程序)连接VIP：192.168.1.203或204，如下：
C:\Users\Duncan>mysql -h192.168.1.203 -usunney -psunney Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1440 Server version: 5.5.37-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | sunney | | test | +--------------------+ 5 rows in set (0.04 sec) mysql>
成功！
