ubuntu下安装jdk7的简单步骤 （转）

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至今任然在继续使用ubuntu 10.04版，自认为是到目前为止ubuntu最稳定的版本。新的11.04有做尝试，但是实在是无法习惯unity，故放弃。
ubuntu默认自带的是openjdk，一般的使用已经足够，但是有的人出于莫名的理由，还是习惯使用sun jdk，也就是现在的oracle jdk。这篇文章简单地记录了在ubuntu下安装新版jdk7的几个步骤。原文出处在：Intalling Java 7 on Ubuntu Natty (11.04)，经测试，该方法在10.04.3中也可以使用。

 

首先自然是去java的官网下载jdk7，这里我下载的是64位的jdk-7u1-linux-x64.tar.gz，另外还有32位版本的jdk- 7u1-linux-i586.tar.gz，根据你自己的需要来下载。下载完毕以后就前往下载目录解压，并且移动至系统的java虚拟机目录。

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laharl@netherworld:~$ cd Download laharl@netherworld:~/Download$ tar xf jdk-7u1-linux-x64.tar.gz laharl@netherworld:~/Download$ sudo mv jdk1.7.0 /usr/lib/jvm/

目录移动完成之后，在java虚拟机的目录下面为jdk7创建一个链接，以便记忆：

1 2	laharl@netherworld:~/Download$ cd /usr/lib/jvm laharl@netherworld:/usr/lib/jvm$ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun

接着就在/usr/lib/jvm/下创建一个隐藏文件.java-7-sun.jinfo，将下列内容复制进入、保存：

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name=java-7-sun alias=java-7-sun priority=63 section=non-free   jre ControlPanel /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/ControlPanel jre java /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/java jre java_vm /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/java_vm jre javaws /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/javaws jre jcontrol /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/jcontrol jre keytool /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/keytool jre pack200 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/pack200 jre policytool /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/policytool jre rmid /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/rmid jre rmiregistry /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/rmiregistry jre unpack200 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/unpack200 jre orbd /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/orbd jre servertool /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/servertool jre tnameserv /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/tnameserv jre jexec /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/lib/jexec jdk appletviewer /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/appletviewer jdk apt /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/apt jdk extcheck /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/extcheck jdk idlj /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/idlj jdk jar /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jar jdk jarsigner /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jarsigner jdk java-rmi.cgi /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/java-rmi.cgi jdk javac /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/javac jdk javadoc /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/javadoc jdk javah /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/javah jdk javap /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/javap jdk jconsole /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jconsole jdk jdb /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jdb jdk jhat /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jhat jdk jinfo /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jinfo jdk jmap /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jmap jdk jps /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jps jdk jrunscript /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jrunscript jdk jsadebugd /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jsadebugd jdk jstack /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jstack jdk jstat /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jstat jdk jstatd /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jstatd jdk native2ascii /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/native2ascii jdk rmic /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/rmic jdk schemagen /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/schemagen jdk serialver /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/serialver jdk wsgen /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/wsgen jdk wsimport /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/wsimport jdk xjc /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/xjc plugin xulrunner-1.9-javaplugin.so /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so plugin mozilla-javaplugin.so /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so

自己注意将amd64替换成i386，如果你使用的是32位版本。

最后就是配置了，就用gedit建一个文件，例如：java-7-config.sh，将下面的脚本复制进入文件，然后保存：

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update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/lib/xulrunner-addons/plugins/libjavaplugin.so xulrunner-1.9-javaplugin.so /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins/libjavaplugin.so mozilla-javaplugin.so /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/appletviewer appletviewer /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/appletviewer 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/appletviewer.1 appletviewer.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/appletviewer.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/apt apt /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/apt 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/apt.1 apt.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/apt.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/extcheck extcheck /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/extcheck 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/extcheck.1 extcheck.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/extcheck.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/idlj idlj /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/idlj 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/idlj.1 idlj.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/idlj.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jar jar /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jar 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jar.1 jar.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jar.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jarsigner jarsigner /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jarsigner 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jarsigner.1 jarsigner.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jarsigner.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/javac 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/javac.1 javac.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/javac.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/javadoc javadoc /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/javadoc 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/javadoc.1 javadoc.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/javadoc.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/javah javah /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/javah 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/javah.1 javah.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/javah.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/javap javap /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/javap 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/javap.1 javap.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/javap.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jconsole jconsole /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jconsole 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jconsole.1 jconsole.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jconsole.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jdb jdb /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jdb 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jdb.1 jdb.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jdb.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jhat jhat /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jhat 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jhat.1 jhat.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jhat.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jinfo jinfo /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jinfo 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jinfo.1 jinfo.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jinfo.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jmap jmap /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jmap 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jmap.1 jmap.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jmap.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jps jps /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jps 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jps.1 jps.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jps.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jrunscript jrunscript /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jrunscript 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jrunscript.1 jrunscript.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jrunscript.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jsadebugd jsadebugd /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jsadebugd 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jsadebugd.1 jsadebugd.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jsadebugd.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jstack jstack /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jstack 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jstack.1 jstack.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jstack.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jstat jstat /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jstat 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jstat.1 jstat.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jstat.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jstatd jstatd /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/jstatd 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/jstatd.1 jstatd.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/jstatd.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/native2ascii native2ascii /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/native2ascii 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/native2ascii.1 native2ascii.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/native2ascii.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/rmic rmic /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/rmic 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/rmic.1 rmic.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/rmic.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/schemagen schemagen /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/schemagen 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/schemagen.1 schemagen.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/schemagen.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/serialver serialver /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/serialver 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/serialver.1 serialver.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/serialver.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/wsgen wsgen /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/wsgen 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/wsgen.1 wsgen.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/wsgen.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/wsimport wsimport /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/wsimport 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/wsimport.1 wsimport.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/wsimport.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/xjc xjc /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/xjc 63 --slave /usr/share/man/man1/xjc.1 xjc.1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/man/man1/xjc.1 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/java-rmi.cgi java-rmi.cgi /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/bin/java-rmi.cgi 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/ControlPanel ControlPanel /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/ControlPanel 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/java 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/java_vm java_vm /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/java_vm 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/javaws javaws /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/javaws 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jcontrol jcontrol /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/jcontrol 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/keytool keytool /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/keytool 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/pack200 pack200 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/pack200 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/policytool policytool /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/policytool 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/rmid rmid /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/rmid 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/rmiregistry rmiregistry /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/rmiregistry 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/unpack200 unpack200 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/unpack200 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/orbd orbd /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/orbd 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/servertool servertool /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/servertool 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/tnameserv tnameserv /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/bin/tnameserv 63 update-alternatives --quiet --install /usr/bin/jexec jexec /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-sun/jre/lib/jexec 63

还是老样子，如果你使用的是32位的jdk，则将脚本内的amd64替换成i386。

最后运行脚本：

1	laharl@netherworld:~$ sudo sh java-7-config.sh

收工，接下去就是设置你当前使用的jdk版本。查看目前系统内安装的jdk，使用命令：

1	laharl@netherworld:~$ update-java-alternatives --list

设置当前系统使用的jdk，例如我们需要设置成我们刚刚安装的java-7-sun，则使用命令：

1	laharl@netherworld:~$ update-java-alternatives --set java-7-sun

最后用

1	laharl@netherworld:~$ java -version

查看当前jdk版本，如果显示是1.7，则表示安装成功。然后还可以开firefox去网上搜个applet运行一下看看浏览器插件是否安装成功。