2012,我的C#全能Excel操作(无需Office,不使用XML)
其实我也清楚,这并不是全能,这样写标题也就是只有等待拍砖的份了。不过话又说回来,对Excel的操作,方法多得很,有的还真不敢用,现在这个是在我的项目中使用着的,今天等放假(下班就开始放年假),总结总结。
我说的全能非所谓的全能也,只是我自己的功能已满足罢了。
话题未放正,正经一点。
有时候,Excel操作会成为我们程序员的痛处。
COM的方式处理?杀进程?需要安装Office?
No,nononono!这些都不想了。
我只要OleDb就够用了。
读取内容产生DataSet? 没问题!
创建Excel文件? 没问题!
在Excel文件中创建Sheet? 没问题!
我要取出Excel文件中的所有表名? 没问题!
我要以索引来操作Sheet,不是名字行不? 没问题!
导出的数据太多,要分开多个Sheet放,行不? 没问题!
我要再扩展,可不可以? 代码都给你了,你说呢?
代码总体功能如下:
调用的方式如下图:
测试数据如下图:
产生的文件:
分Sheet写入内容:
想下班了,直接给代码吧,有一些注释应该够了,就不再多说了。
记得记得开开心心过年!
1: using System;
2: using System.Collections.Generic;
3: using System.Text;
4: using System.Data;
5: using System.Data.OleDb;
6: using System.IO;
7:8: namespace Core.DarrenExcelHelper
9: {10: /// <summary>
11: /// 描述:對Excel文件的創建表、讀取、寫入數據操作.
12: /// 程序員:谢堂文(Darren Xie)
13: /// 創建日期:
14: /// 版本:1.0
15: /// </summary>
16: public static class MyExcelUtls17: {18: #region 取文件的擴展名19: /// <summary>
20: /// 取文件的擴展名
21: /// </summary>
22: /// <param name="FileName">文件名稱</param>
23: /// <returns>string</returns>
24: public static string GetExtFileTypeName(string FileName)25: {26: string sFile = FileName;// myFile.PostedFile.FileName;27: sFile = sFile.Substring(sFile.LastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
28: sFile = sFile.Substring(sFile.LastIndexOf(".")).ToLower();
29: return sFile;
30: }31: #endregion32:33: #region 檢查一個文件是不是2007版本的Excel文件34: /// <summary>
35: /// 檢查一個文件是不是2007版本的Excel文件
36: /// </summary>
37: /// <param name="FileName">文件名稱</param>
38: /// <returns>bool</returns>
39: public static bool IsExcel2007(string FileName)40: {41: bool r;
42: switch (GetExtFileTypeName(FileName))
43: {44: case ".xls":45: r = false;
46: break;
47: case ".xlsx":48: r = true;
49: break;
50: default:
51: throw new Exception("你要檢查" + FileName + "是2007版本的Excel文件還是之前版本的Excel文件,但是這個文件不是一個有效的Excel文件。");52:53: }54: return r;
55: }56:57: #endregion58:59: #region Excel的連接串60: //Excel的連接串
61: //2007和之前的版本是有區別的,但是新的可以讀取舊的
62:63: /// <summary>
64: /// Excel文件在服務器上的OLE連接字符串
65: /// </summary>
66: /// <param name="excelFile">Excel文件在服務器上的路徑</param>
67: /// <param name="no_HDR">第一行不是標題:true;第一行是標題:false;</param>
68: /// <returns>String</returns>
69: public static String GetExcelConnectionString(string excelFile, bool no_HDR)70: {71:72: try
73: {74: if (no_HDR)
75: {76: if (IsExcel2007(excelFile))
77: {78: return "Provider=Microsoft.Ace.OleDb.12.0;" + "data source=" + excelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 12.0; HDR=NO; IMEX=1'"; //此连接可以操作.xls与.xlsx文件79: }80: else
81: {82: return "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;" + "data source=" + excelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0; HDR=NO; IMEX=1'"; //此连接只能操作Excel2007之前(.xls)文件83:84: }85: }86: else
87: {88: return GetExcelConnectionString(excelFile);
89: }90: }91: catch (Exception ee)
92: {93: throw new Exception(ee.Message);94: }95: }96: /// <summary>
97: /// Excel文件在服務器上的OLE連接字符串
98: /// </summary>
99: /// <param name="excelFile">Excel文件在服務器上的路徑</param>
100: /// <returns>String</returns>
101: public static String GetExcelConnectionString(string excelFile)102: {103: try
104: {105: if (IsExcel2007(excelFile))
106: {107: return "Provider=Microsoft.Ace.OleDb.12.0;" + "data source=" + excelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 12.0; IMEX=1'"; //此连接可以操作.xls与.xlsx文件108: }109: else
110: {111: return "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;" + "data source=" + excelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0; IMEX=1'"; //此连接只能操作Excel2007之前(.xls)文件112:113: }114: }115: catch (Exception ee)
116: {117: throw new Exception(ee.Message);118: }119: }120: /// <summary>
121: /// Excel文件在服務器上的OLE連接字符串
122: /// </summary>
123: /// <param name="excelFile">Excel文件在服務器上的路徑</param>
124: /// <returns>String</returns>
125: public static String GetExcelConnectionStringByWrite(string excelFile)126: {127: try
128: {129: if (IsExcel2007(excelFile))
130: {131: return "Provider=Microsoft.Ace.OleDb.12.0;" + "data source=" + excelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 12.0;'"; //此连接可以操作.xls与.xlsx文件132: }133: else
134: {135: return "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;" + "data source=" + excelFile + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;'"; //此连接只能操作Excel2007之前(.xls)文件136:137: }138: }139: catch (Exception ee)
140: {141: throw new Exception(ee.Message);142: }143: }144: #endregion145:146: #region 讀取Excel中的所有表名147: //讀取Excel中的所有表名
148: //读取Excel文件时,可能一个文件中会有多个Sheet,因此获取Sheet的名称是非常有用的
149:150: /// <summary>
151: /// 根据Excel物理路径获取Excel文件中所有表名,列名是TABLE_NAME
152: /// </summary>
153: /// <param name="excelFile">Excel物理路径</param>
154: /// <returns>DataTable</returns>
155: public static System.Data.DataTable GetExcelSheetNames2DataTable(string excelFile)156: {157: OleDbConnection objConn = null;
158: System.Data.DataTable dt = null;
159:160: try
161: {162: string strConn = GetExcelConnectionString(excelFile);
163: objConn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
164: objConn.Open();165: dt = objConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
166: if (dt == null)167: {168: return null;169: }170: return dt;
171: }172: catch (Exception ee)
173: {174: throw new Exception(ee.Message);175: }176: finally
177: {178: if (objConn != null)179: {180: objConn.Close();181: objConn.Dispose();182: }183: if (dt != null)184: {185: dt.Dispose();186: }187: }188: }189:190: /// <summary>
191: /// 根据Excel物理路径获取Excel文件中所有表名
192: /// </summary>
193: /// <param name="excelFile">Excel物理路径</param>
194: /// <returns>String[]</returns>
195: public static String[] GetExcelSheetNames(string excelFile)196: {197: System.Data.DataTable dt = null;
198:199: try
200: {201:202: dt = GetExcelSheetNames2DataTable(excelFile);203: if (dt == null)204: {205: return null;206: }207: String[] excelSheets = new String[dt.Rows.Count];
208: int i = 0;
209: foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)210: {211: excelSheets[i] = row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();
212: i++;213: }214:215: return excelSheets;
216: }217: catch (Exception ee)
218: {219: throw new Exception(ee.Message);220: }221: finally
222: {223: if (dt != null)224: {225: dt.Dispose();226: }227: }228: }229: /// <summary>
230: /// 根据Excel物理路径获取Excel文件中所有表名
231: /// </summary>
232: /// <param name="excelFile">Excel物理路径</param>
233: /// <returns>String[]</returns>
234: public static List<string> GetExcelSheetNames2List(string excelFile)235: {236: List<string> l = new List<string>();237: try
238: {239: if (File.Exists(excelFile))//如果文件不存在,就不用檢查了,一定是0個表的240: {241: string[] t = GetExcelSheetNames(excelFile);
242: foreach (string s in t)243: {244: string ss = s;
245: if (ss.LastIndexOf('$') > 0)
246: {247: ss = ss.Substring(0, ss.Length - 1);248: }249: l.Add(ss);250: }251: }252: return l;
253: }254: catch (Exception ee)
255: {256: throw ee;
257: }258:259: }260: #endregion261:262: #region Sheet2DataTable263: /// <summary>
264: /// 獲取Excel文件中指定SheetName的內容到DataTable
265: /// </summary>
266: /// <param name="FileFullPath">Excel物理路径</param>
267: /// <param name="SheetName">SheetName</param>
268: /// <param name="no_HDR">第一行不是標題:true;第一行是標題:false;</param>
269: /// <returns>DataTable</returns>
270: public static DataTable GetExcelToDataTableBySheet(string FileFullPath, string SheetName, bool no_HDR)271: {272: try
273: {274: return GetExcelToDataSet(FileFullPath, no_HDR, SheetName).Tables[SheetName];
275: }276: catch (Exception ee)
277: {278: throw new Exception(ee.Message);279: }280: }281: /// <summary>
282: /// 獲取Excel文件中指定SheetName的內容到DataTable
283: /// </summary>
284: /// <param name="FileFullPath">Excel物理路径</param>
285: /// <param name="SheetName">SheetName</param>
286: /// <returns>DataTable</returns>
287: public static DataTable GetExcelToDataTableBySheet(string FileFullPath, string SheetName)288: {289: try
290: {291: return GetExcelToDataTableBySheet(FileFullPath, SheetName, false);292: }293: catch (Exception ee)
294: {295: throw new Exception(ee.Message);296: }297: }298: #endregion299:300: #region Excel2DataSet301: /// <summary>
302: /// 獲取Excel文件中所有Sheet的內容到DataSet,以Sheet名做DataTable名
303: /// </summary>
304: /// <param name="FileFullPath">Excel物理路径</param>
305: /// <param name="no_HDR">第一行不是標題:true;第一行是標題:false;</param>
306: /// <returns>DataSet</returns>
307: public static DataSet GetExcelToDataSet(string FileFullPath, bool no_HDR)308: {309: try
310: {311: string strConn = GetExcelConnectionString(FileFullPath, no_HDR);
312: OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
313: conn.Open();314: DataSet ds = new DataSet();
315: foreach (string colName in GetExcelSheetNames(FileFullPath))316: {317: OleDbDataAdapter odda = new OleDbDataAdapter(string.Format("SELECT * FROM [{0}]", colName), conn); //("select * from [Sheet1$]", conn);318: odda.Fill(ds, colName);319: }320: conn.Close();321: return ds;
322: }323: catch (Exception ee)
324: {325: throw new Exception(ee.Message);326: }327: }328: /// <summary>
329: /// 獲取Excel文件中指定Sheet的內容到DataSet,以Sheet名做DataTable名
330: /// </summary>
331: /// <param name="FileFullPath">Excel物理路径</param>
332: /// <param name="no_HDR">第一行不是標題:true;第一行是標題:false;</param>
333: /// <param name="SheetName">第一行不是標題:true;第一行是標題:false;</param>
334: /// <returns>DataSet</returns>
335: public static DataSet GetExcelToDataSet(string FileFullPath, bool no_HDR, string SheetName)336: {337: try
338: {339: string strConn = GetExcelConnectionString(FileFullPath, no_HDR);
340: OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
341: conn.Open();342: DataSet ds = new DataSet();
343: OleDbDataAdapter odda = new OleDbDataAdapter(string.Format("SELECT * FROM [{0}]", SheetName), conn); //("select * from [Sheet1$]", conn);344: odda.Fill(ds, SheetName);345: conn.Close();346: return ds;
347: }348: catch (Exception ee)
349: {350: throw new Exception(ee.Message);351: }352: }353: #endregion354:355: #region 刪除過時文件356: //刪除過時文件
357: public static bool DeleteOldFile(string servepath)358: {359: try
360: {361: FileInfo F = new FileInfo(servepath);
362: F.Delete();363: return true;364: }365: catch (Exception ee)
366: {367: throw new Exception(ee.Message + "刪除" + servepath + "出錯.");368: }369: }370: #endregion371:372: #region 在Excel文件中創建表,Excel物理路径如果文件不是一個已存在的文件,會自動創建文件373: /// <summary>
374: /// 在一個Excel文件中創建Sheet
375: /// </summary>
376: /// <param name="servepath">Excel物理路径,如果文件不是一個已存在的文件,會自動創建文件</param>
377: /// <param name="sheetName">Sheet Name</param>
378: /// <param name="cols">表頭列表</param>
379: /// <returns>bool</returns>
380: public static bool CreateSheet(string servepath,string sheetName,string[] cols)381: {382: try
383: {384: if (sheetName.Trim() == "")
385: {386: throw new Exception( "需要提供表名。");387: }388: //if (!File.Exists(servepath))
389: //{
390: // throw new Exception(servepath+"不是一個有效的文件路徑。");
391: //}
392: if(cols.Equals(null))393: {394: throw new Exception("創建表需要提供字段列表。");395: }396: using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(GetExcelConnectionStringByWrite(servepath)))397: {398: conn.Open();399: OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
400: cmd.Connection = conn;401: if (sheetName.LastIndexOf('$') > 0)
402: {403: sheetName = sheetName.Substring(sheetName.Length-1);404: }405: cmd.CommandType = CommandType.Text;406: cmd.CommandTimeout = 3600;407: StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
408: sql.Append("CREATE TABLE [" + sheetName + "](");409: foreach (string s in cols)410: {411: sql.Append("[" + s + "] text,");412: }413: sql = sql.Remove(sql.Length - 1, 1);414: sql.Append(")");
415: cmd.CommandText = sql.ToString();416: cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();417: return true;418: }419: }420: catch(Exception ee)
421: {422: throw ee;
423: }424: }425: #endregion426:427: #region DataTable2Sheet,把一個DataTable寫入Excel中的表,Excel物理路径,如果文件不是一個已存在的文件,會自動創建文件428: /// <summary>
429: /// 把一個DataTable寫入到一個或多個Sheet中
430: /// </summary>
431: /// <param name="servepath">Excel物理路径,如果文件不是一個已存在的文件,會自動創建文件</param>
432: /// <param name="dt">DataTable</param>
433: /// <returns>bool</returns>
434: public static bool DataTable2Sheet(string servepath, DataTable dt)435: {436: try
437: {438: return DataTable2Sheet(servepath, dt, dt.TableName);
439: }440: catch (Exception ee)
441: {442: throw ee;
443: }444: }445: /// <summary>
446: /// 把一個DataTable寫入到一個或多個Sheet中
447: /// </summary>
448: /// <param name="servepath">Excel物理路径,如果文件不是一個已存在的文件,會自動創建文件</param>
449: /// <param name="dt">DataTable</param>
450: /// <param name="maxrow">一個Sheet的行數</param>
451: /// <returns>bool</returns>
452: public static bool DataTable2Sheet(string servepath, DataTable dt,int maxrow)453: {454: try
455: {456: return DataTable2Sheet(servepath, dt, dt.TableName, maxrow);
457: }458: catch (Exception ee)
459: {460: throw ee;
461: }462: }463: /// <summary>
464: /// 把一個DataTable寫入到一個或多個Sheet中
465: /// </summary>
466: /// <param name="servepath">Excel物理路径,如果文件不是一個已存在的文件,會自動創建文件</param>
467: /// <param name="dt">DataTable</param>
468: /// <param name="sheetName">Sheet Name</param>
469: /// <returns>bool</returns>
470: public static bool DataTable2Sheet(string servepath, DataTable dt, string sheetName)471: {472: try
473: {474: return DataTable2Sheet(servepath, dt, dt.TableName,0);
475: }476: catch (Exception ee)
477: {478: throw ee;
479: }480: }481: /// <summary>
482: /// 把一個DataTable寫入到一個或多個Sheet中
483: /// </summary>
484: /// <param name="servepath">Excel物理路径,如果文件不是一個已存在的文件,會自動創建文件</param>
485: /// <param name="dt">DataTable</param>
486: /// <param name="sheetName">Sheet Name</param>
487: /// <param name="maxrow">一個Sheet的行數</param>
488: /// <returns>bool</returns>
489: public static bool DataTable2Sheet(string servepath,DataTable dt,string sheetName,int maxrow)490: {491: try
492: {493: if (sheetName.Trim() == "")
494: {495: throw new Exception("需要提供表名。");496: }497: StringBuilder strSQL = new StringBuilder();
498: //看看目標表是否已存在
499: List<string> tables = GetExcelSheetNames2List(servepath);
500: if (tables.Contains(sheetName))
501: {502: //存在,直接寫入
503: using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(GetExcelConnectionStringByWrite(servepath)))504: {505: conn.Open();506: OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
507: cmd.Connection = conn;508: for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)509: {510: StringBuilder strfield = new StringBuilder();
511: StringBuilder strvalue = new StringBuilder();
512: for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)513: {514: strfield.Append("[" + dt.Columns[j].ColumnName + "]");515: strvalue.Append("'" + dt.Rows[i][j].ToString() + "'");516: if (j != dt.Columns.Count - 1)
517: {518: strfield.Append(",");
519: strvalue.Append(",");
520: }521: }522: if (maxrow == 0)//不需要限制一個表的行數523: {524: cmd.CommandText = strSQL.Append(" insert into [" + sheetName + "]( ")525: .Append(strfield.ToString()).Append(") values (").Append(strvalue).Append(")").ToString() ;526: }527: else
528: {529: //加1才可才防止i=0的情況只寫入一行
530: string sheetNameT=sheetName + ((i+1) / maxrow + (Math.IEEERemainder(i+1, maxrow) == 0 ? 0 : 1)).ToString();
531: if (!tables.Contains(sheetNameT))
532: {533: tables = GetExcelSheetNames2List(servepath);534: string[] cols = new string[dt.Columns.Count];535: for (int ii = 0; ii < dt.Columns.Count; ii++)536: {537: cols[ii] = dt.Columns[ii].ColumnName;538: }539: if (!(CreateSheet(servepath, sheetNameT, cols)))
540: {541: throw new Exception("在" + servepath + "上創建表" + sheetName + "失敗.");542: }543: else
544: {545: tables = GetExcelSheetNames2List(servepath);546: }547: }548: cmd.CommandText = strSQL.Append(" insert into [" + sheetNameT + "]( ")549: .Append(strfield.ToString()).Append(") values (").Append(strvalue).Append(")").ToString() ;550:551: }552: cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();553: strSQL.Remove(0, strSQL.Length);554: }555:556:557:558: conn.Close();559: }560: }561: else
562: {563: //不存在,需要先創建
564: using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(GetExcelConnectionStringByWrite(servepath)))565: {566: conn.Open();567: OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand();
568: cmd.Connection = conn;569: //創建表
570: string[] cols = new string[dt.Columns.Count];571: for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)572: {573: cols[i] = dt.Columns[i].ColumnName;574: }575:576: //產生寫數據的語句
577: for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)578: {579: StringBuilder strfield = new StringBuilder();
580: StringBuilder strvalue = new StringBuilder();
581: for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)582: {583: strfield.Append("[" + dt.Columns[j].ColumnName + "]");584: strvalue.Append("'" + dt.Rows[i][j].ToString() + "'");585: if (j != dt.Columns.Count - 1)
586: {587: strfield.Append(",");
588: strvalue.Append(",");
589: }590: }591: if (maxrow == 0)//不需要限制一個表的行數592: {593: if (!tables.Contains(sheetName))
594: {595: if (!(CreateSheet(servepath, sheetName, cols)))
596: {597: throw new Exception("在" + servepath + "上創建表" + sheetName + "失敗.");598: }599: else
600: {601: tables = GetExcelSheetNames2List(servepath);602: }603: }604: cmd.CommandText = strSQL.Append(" insert into [" + sheetName + "]( ")605: .Append(strfield.ToString()).Append(") values (").Append(strvalue).Append(")").ToString() ;606: }607: else
608: {609: //加1才可才防止i=0的情況只寫入一行
610: string sheetNameT=sheetName + ((i+1) / maxrow + (Math.IEEERemainder(i+1, maxrow) == 0 ? 0 : 1)).ToString();
611:612: if (!tables.Contains(sheetNameT))
613: {614: for (int ii = 0; ii < dt.Columns.Count; ii++)615: {616: cols[ii] = dt.Columns[ii].ColumnName;617: }618: if (!(CreateSheet(servepath, sheetNameT, cols)))
619: {620: throw new Exception("在" + servepath + "上創建表" + sheetName + "失敗.");621: }622: else
623: {624: tables = GetExcelSheetNames2List(servepath);625: }626: }627: cmd.CommandText = strSQL.Append(" insert into [" + sheetNameT + "]( ")628: .Append(strfield.ToString()).Append(") values (").Append(strvalue).Append(")").ToString();629:630: //
631: }632: cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();633: strSQL.Remove(0,strSQL.Length);634: }635: conn.Close();636: }637: }638: return true;639: }640: catch (Exception ee)
641: {642: throw ee;
643: }644: }645: #endregion646: }647: }