自学php的几个例子（包含AMP（Apache、MySQL、PHP）环境搭建链接）

　　学习PHP之前需要先搭建PHP运行的环境（即服务器+PHP+数据库）来使PHP成功运行，具体环境搭建教程可参考pharen（http://www.cnblogs.com/pharen/archive/2012/02/06/2340628.html）的教程（亲测可用），教程中一些资源链接可能已经失效，下面给出部分资源链接：
PHP资源：http://windows.php.net/download#php-5.6

Apache（msi安装包）资源：http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/binaries/win32/

有几个要点需要注意（笔者作为菜鸡就被坑了）：

（1）软件安装路径不要包含中文或者空格

（2）Apache版本要与PHP版本兼容，较老版本Apache无法支持新版本的PHP，例如：1、php5.2支持Apache2.0和Apache2.2；2、php5.3、php5.4同时支持Apache2.2和Apache2.4；3、php5.5只支持Apache2.4

（3）需要安装PHP编译器的运行环境，不同版本PHP需要的VC支持库版本也不同：

　　apache.org下载的Apache都是vc6版本，否则就根据不同文件说明安装不同的运行库。

　　vc11运行库x86/x64版本：http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=30679
　　vc10运行库x86版本：http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=5555
　　vc10运行库x64版本：http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=14632
　　vc9运行库x86版本：http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=5582
　　vc9运行库x64版本：http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=15336

常见问题参考资料连接如下：

（1）http://www.2cto.com/os/201312/264364.html

（2）http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/ceb9fb10d909c48cac2ba06c.html

php教程简要入门版可参见W3C（供入门菜鸟使用）：

下面给出几个PHP学习粗浅的例子，仅供娱乐：
例子1：表单提交处理页面

formSubmit.php文件：

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <title>php basis-1</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
        <meta name="author" content="Wayne Ng" />
        <meta name="description" content="basis-1" />
        <meta name="revised" content="Wayne Ng,2016/2/16" />
        <style>
        .errColor{color: red;}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        <?php
        function process_input($data){
        $data = trim($data);
        $data = stripslashes($data);
        $data = htmlspecialchars($data);
        return $data;
        }
        $name = $email = $website = $comment = $gender = "";
        $nameErr = $emailErr = $genderErr = $websiteErr = "";
        if($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST"){
            //提取name信息
            if(empty($_POST["name"])){
                $nameErr = "名字是必须的";
            }
            else{
                $name = process_input($_POST["name"]);
                //检查名字是否仅包含字母和空格
                if(!preg_match("/^[a-zA-Z ]*$/", $name)){
                    $nameErr = "名字只能包含英文字母和空格";
                }
            }
            //提取email信息
            if(empty($_POST["email"])){
                $emailErr = "邮箱是必须的";
            }
            else{
                $email = process_input($_POST["email"]);
                //检查邮箱名字是否合法
                if (!preg_match("/([\w\-]+\@[\w\-]+\.[\w\-]+)/",$email)) {
                    $emailErr = "无效的 email 格式！"; 
                }
            }
            //提取website信息
            if(empty($_POST["website"])){
                $website = "";
            }
            else{
                $website = process_input($_POST["website"]);
                if (!preg_match("/\b(?:(?:https?|ftp):\/\/|www\.)[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-a-z0-9+&@#\/%
                    =~_|]/i",$website)) {
                    $websiteErr = "无效的 URL"; 
                }
            }
            //提取comment信息
            if(empty($_POST["comment"])){
                $comment = "";
            }
            else{
                $comment = process_input($_POST["comment"]);
            }
            //提取gender信息
            if(empty($_POST["gender"])){
                $genderErr = "性别是必须的";
            }
            else{
                $gender = process_input($_POST["gender"]);
            }
        }
        ?>
        <h2>PHP表单实例</h2>
        <p><span class="errColor">* 必填项目</span></p>
        <form method="post" action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]);?>">
        姓名：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp <input type="text" name="name" value="<?php echo $name;?>"/>
        <span class="errColor">*<?php echo $nameErr;?></span><br />
        邮箱：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp <input type="text" name="email" value="<?php echo $email;?>"/>
        <span class="errColor">*<?php echo $emailErr;?></span><br />
        网址：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp <input type="text" name="website" value="<?php echo $website;?>"/>
        <span class="errColor"><?php echo $websiteErr;?></span><br />
        评论：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp <textarea name="comment" rows="5" cols="40"><?php echo $comment;?></textarea><br />
        性别：&nbsp&nbsp&nbsp
              <input type="radio" name="gender" <?php if(isset($gender) && $gender=="male") echo "checked";?> value="male">男
              <input type="radio" name="gender" <?php if(isset($gender) && $gender=="female") echo "checked";?> value="female">女
              <span class="errColor">*<?php echo $genderErr;?></span><br /><br />
        <input type="submit" name="submit" value="提交表单">  
        </form>
        <?php
        echo "<h2>您提交的表单数据如下所示：</h2>";
        echo "名字:&nbsp&nbsp".$name."<br />";
        echo "邮箱:&nbsp&nbsp".$email."<br />";
        echo "网址:&nbsp&nbsp".$website."<br />";
        echo "评论:&nbsp&nbsp".$comment."<br />";
        echo "性别:&nbsp&nbsp".$gender."<br />";
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

显示效果：

例子2：文件提交

FileSubmit.php文件：

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <title>php basis-3</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
        <meta name="author" content="Wayne Ng" />
        <meta name="description" content="basis-3" />
        <meta name="revised" content="Wayne Ng,2016/2/17" />
        <style>
        .warning{color: red;}
        </style>
    </head>
    <body>
        
        <h2>文件上传</h2>
        <span class="warning">*文件大小必须小于100kb</span>
        <form method="post" action="/uploadFile.php" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        <label for="file">文件名:</label>
        <input type="file" name="file" id="file" /><br />
        <input type="submit" name="submit" value="提交" />
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

uploadFile文件：

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<?php
    //限制上传文件大小（必须小于100kb）
    if($_FILES["file"]["size"] < 100 * 1024){
        if($_FILES["file"]["error"] > 0){
            echo "Return Code: " . $_FILES["file"]["error"] . "<br />";
        }
        else{
            echo "上传文件：".$_FILES["file"]["name"] . "<br />";
            echo "文件类型：".$_FILES["file"]["type"] . "<br />";
            echo "文件大小：".round($_FILES["file"]["size"]/1024, 1) . "kb<br />";
            echo "临时文件：".$_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"] . "<br />";
            //检验同名文件是都已经存在
            if(file_exists("upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"])){
                echo $_FILES["file"]["name"] . "已经存在！";
            }
            else{
                move_uploaded_file($_FILES["file"]["tmp_name"], "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"]);
                echo "保存于：" . "upload/" . $_FILES["file"]["name"];
            }
        }
    }
    else{
        echo "文件大小必须小于100kb";
    }
?>

效果显示：

例子3：文件读写操作

fileOperation.php文件：

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <title>php basis-2</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
        <meta name="author" content="Wayne Ng" />
        <meta name="description" content="basis-2" />
        <meta name="revised" content="Wayne Ng,2016/2/17" />
    </head>
    <body>
        <?php
            function printFile($file){
                while(!feof($file)){
                    echo fgets($file)."<br />";
                }
            }
            $fileName = "spam.txt";
            //查看原始文件内容
            echo "文件原始内容：<br />";
            $fileContent = fopen($fileName, 'r') or die("Unable to open file!");
            printFile($fileContent);
            fclose($fileContent);
            //文件末尾追加内容
            $fileContent = fopen($fileName, 'a+') or die("Unable to open file!");
            fwrite($fileContent, "Maybe carrot doesn't tastes terrible.\n");
            fclose($fileContent);
            //查看修改后文件内容
            echo "文件修改后的内容：<br />";
            $fileContent = fopen($fileName, 'r') or die("Unable to open file!");
            printFile($fileContent);
            fclose($fileContent);
            
        ?>
    </body>
</html>

显示效果：

例子4：XML文件解析

game.xml文件：

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE game SYSTEM "game.dtd">
<!--
    Date:2016/1/26
    Writer:Wayne Ng
    Theme:MapleStory hero briefInstruction
-->
<game>
    <warrior>
        <hero>
            <name>英雄</name>
            <weapons>剑、斧、钝器</weapons>
            <skill>终极打击</skill>
        </hero>
        <hero>
            <name>圣骑士</name>
            <weapons>剑、钝器</weapons>
            <skill>神圣冲击</skill>
        </hero>    
        <hero>
            <name>黑骑士</name>
            <weapons>长枪、矛</weapons>
            <skill>黑暗穿刺</skill>
        </hero>    
    </warrior>
    <magician>
        <hero>
            <name>主教</name>
            <weapons>长杖、短仗</weapons>
            <skill>圣光普照</skill>
        </hero>
        <hero>
            <name>火毒法师</name>
            <weapons>长杖、短仗</weapons>
            <skill>末日火焰</skill>
        </hero>    
        <hero>
            <name>冰雷法师</name>
            <weapons>长杖、短仗</weapons>
            <skill>冰咆哮</skill>
        </hero>    
    </magician>
    <archer>
        <hero>
            <name>神射手</name>
            <weapons>弓</weapons>
            <skill>暴风箭雨</skill>
        </hero>
        <hero>
            <name>箭神</name>
            <weapons>弩</weapons>
            <skill>终极扫射</skill>
        </hero>    
    </archer>
    <ranger>
        <hero>
            <name>侠盗</name>
            <weapons>短剑、短刀</weapons>
            <skill>暗杀</skill>
        </hero>
        <hero>
            <name>隐士</name>
            <weapons>拳套</weapons>
            <skill>四连镖</skill>
        </hero>    
        <hero>
            <name>暗影双刀</name>
            <weapons>短剑、短刀</weapons>
            <skill>终极斩</skill>
        </hero>        
    </ranger>
</game>

expatParser.php文件：

<?php
header("Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8");
//初始化XML解析器
$parser = xml_parser_create();
//当遇到元素头部（如<body>）时回调函数
function start($parser, $element_name, $element_attrs){
    switch($element_name){
        case "WARRIOR":
        {echo "<h2>warrior</h2>";break;}
        case "MAGICIAN":
        {echo "<h2>magician</h2>";break;}
        case "ARCHER":
        {echo "<h2>archer</h2>";break;}
        case "RANGER":
        {echo "<h2>ranger</h2>";break;}
        case "NAME":
        {echo "名称:  ";break;}
        case "WEAPONS":
        {echo "武器:  ";break;}
        case "SKILL":
        {echo "技能:  ";break;}
    }
}
//当遇到元素尾部（如</body>）时回调函数
function stop($parser, $element_name){
    switch($element_name){
        case"NAME":
        {echo "<br />";break;}
        case"WEAPONS":
        {echo "<br />";break;}
        case"SKILL":
        {echo "<br /><br />";break;}
    }
}
//当遇到元素包含字符数据时回调函数
function char($parser, $data){
    echo $data;
}
//指定元素处理回调函数
xml_set_element_handler($parser, "start", "stop");
//指定数据处理回调函数
xml_set_character_data_handler($parser, "char");

$fp = fopen("game.xml", 'r');
//读取数据
while($data = fread($fp, 1024)){
    xml_parse($parser, $data, feof($fp)) or die 
    (sprintf("XML Error: %s at line %d", 
    xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($parser)),
    xml_get_current_line_number($parser)));
}
//释放xml解析器
xml_parser_free($parser);

?>

显示效果：

例子5：利用php的PDO接口访问MySQL数据库（具体使用数据在前面MySQL例子（http://www.cnblogs.com/yemajun/p/5189554.html）中已经给出）

process_db.php文件；

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<?php
    
    $connect = mysql_connect("localhost", "****", "**********");//***分别代表名字和密码
    //连接MySQL数据库
    if(!$connect){
        die("Could not connect: ". mysql_error());
    }
    else{
        echo "Successed to connect MySQL.";
    }
    echo "<br />";
    // 创建数据库(database)
    if(mysql_query("CREATE DATABASE my_db", $connect)){
        echo "Success to create database.";
    }
    else{
        echo "Error to create database: " . mysql_error();
    }
    echo "<br />";
    // 创建表（table）
    mysql_select_db("my_db", $connect);
    $table_sql = "CREATE TABLE Persons(
    firstName  VARCHAR(15),
    lastName   VARCHAR(15),
    Age        INT
    );";
    if(mysql_query($table_sql)){
        echo "Success to create table.";
    }
    else{
        echo "Error to create table: " . mysql_error();
    }
    echo "<br />";
    // 添加数据
    $insert_sql = "INSERT INTO Persons VALUES('Wayne', 'Ng', '26')";
    if(mysql_query($insert_sql)){
        echo "Success to insert data.";
    }
    else{
        echo "Error to insert data: " . mysql_error();
    }
    echo "<br />"; 
    // 查询结果并显示于html表格中
    mysql_select_db("game_db", $connect);
    $result = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM game");
    echo"<h2>冒险岛游戏数据</h2>
        <table border='1'>
        <tr>
        <th>ID</th>
        <th>JOB_NAME</th>
        <th>WEAPONS</th>
        <th>SKILLS</th>
        <th>HERO_TYPES</th>
        </tr>
    ";
    while($row = mysql_fetch_array($result)){
        echo "<tr>";
        echo "<td>" . $row["id"]."</td>";
        echo "<td>" . $row["job_name"]."</td>";
        echo "<td>" . $row["weapons"]."</td>";
        echo "<td>" . $row["skills"]."</td>";
        echo "<td>" . $row["hero_type"]."</td>";
        echo "</tr>";
    }
    echo "</table>";
    //终止连接
    mysql_close($connect);
?>

显示效果：

例子6：Ajax简单例子

suggestion.html文件：

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
    <head>
        <title>php basis-3</title>
        <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
        <meta name="author" content="Wayne Ng" />
        <meta name="description" content="name suggestion" />
        <meta name="revised" content="Wayne Ng,2016/2/17" />
    </head>
    <body>
        <h2>名字提示</h2>
        <p>显示以该英文开头的英文名</p>
        <form>
        First Name:
        <input type="text" id="txt1" onkeyup="showHint(this.value)"/>
        </form>
        <p>Suggestion:<span id="txtHint"></span></p>
    </body>
    <script src="clientHint.js"></script>
</html>

clientHint.js文件：

var xmlHttp;
//从对应php脚本发送请求并获取信息
function showHint(str){
    if(str.length == 0){
        document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML="";
        return;
    }
    xmlHttp=GetXmlHttpObject();    //获得xmlhttp对象
    if(xmlHttp == null){
        alert("浏览器不支持HTTP请求");
        return;
    }
    var url="getHint.php";
    url = url + "?q=" + str + "&sid=" + Math.random();
    xmlHttp.onreadystatechange=stateChanged;
    xmlHttp.open("GET", url, true);
    xmlHttp.send(null);
}

//AJAX对应处理函数
function stateChanged(){
    if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4 || xmlHttp.readyState == "complete"){
        document.getElementById("txtHint").innerHTML=xmlHttp.responseText;
    }
}

//创建对应HTTP对象
function GetXmlHttpObject(){
    var xmlHttp = null;
    try{
        //FireFox, Opera 8.0+, Safari
        xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
    }
    catch(e){
        //IE
        try{
            xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP");
        }
         catch (e)
        {
            xmlHttp=new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");
        }
    }
    return xmlHttp;
}

getHint.php文件:

<?php
// Fill up array with names
$a[]="Anna";
$a[]="Brittany";
$a[]="Cinderella";
$a[]="Diana";
$a[]="Eva";
$a[]="Fiona";
$a[]="Gunda";
$a[]="Hege";
$a[]="Inga";
$a[]="Johanna";
$a[]="Kitty";
$a[]="Linda";
$a[]="Nina";
$a[]="Ophelia";
$a[]="Petunia";
$a[]="Amanda";
$a[]="Raquel";
$a[]="Cindy";
$a[]="Doris";
$a[]="Eve";
$a[]="Evita";
$a[]="Sunniva";
$a[]="Tove";
$a[]="Unni";
$a[]="Violet";
$a[]="Liza";
$a[]="Elizabeth";
$a[]="Ellen";
$a[]="Wenche";
$a[]="Vicky";

//从URL中获取q的参数
$q=$_GET["q"];

//从字典中查找以$q开头的英文，并生成结果
if (strlen($q) > 0)
{
$hint="";
for($i=0; $i<count($a); $i++)
  {
  if (strtolower($q)==strtolower(substr($a[$i],0,strlen($q))))
    {
    if ($hint=="")
      {
      $hint=$a[$i];
      }
    else
      {
      $hint=$hint." , ".$a[$i];
      }
    }
  }
}

//判断$hint是否为空，并返回对应结果
if ($hint == "")
{
$response="no suggestion";
}
else
{
$response=$hint;
}

//输出响应
echo $response;
?>

显示效果：

　　修订于2016/2/20　　By野马菌

 

posted on 2016-02-20 14:25  野马菌  阅读(340)  评论(0)  编辑  收藏  举报

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