最近一个项目中用了OSGi,此时OSGi还没有引起足够多人的重视,无论在国内还是国外,所以在开发过程中遇到的问题只能自己慢慢去找。但是,特别想感谢BlueDavy,是他的OpenDoc带我进入了OSGi的世界。
先说下我的项目中遇到的困难吧,首先我选择了使用HTTP作为应用的View层。OSGi对HTTP的支持还很小,就连最近版本的org.eclipse.equinox.http_1.0.1在HTTP服务的支持上都还有很多还没有实现的,就像Servlet2.4中的编码、过滤器、监听器......还有好多方法。只能自己实现,其实我们可以考虑使用Bridge的,但出项目性质考虑,还是使用了OSGi直接支持的HTTP服务。至于org.eclipse.equinox.http中的一些方法的实现我有空再写吧。
好了,搞定了HTTP服务,现在就想用回我们熟悉的Spring、Hibernate。这在别人的文章里都有写了,特别是在JavaEye的OSGi专栏里已经有人实验过了。呵呵,就差DWR。听说BlueDavy也在用OSGi+DWR,但也没有看到有进一步的资料。
DWR与OSGi的整合其实挺简单的,这要归功于DWR的作者设计时的思路。在网上,一直没有人提到DWR可以有多个配置文件的,更可以在web.xml里面进行参数的设置,之前我也不知道,这两天算是把它的源代码看了一遍。要整合DWR,还得先知道它初始化的原理:
DWR在第一次启动时运行DwrServlet中的init()方法,首先初始化一个Continer。Continer可以在web.xml中设定,这样如果必要的话可以加入自己的Continer,如果没有,则使用默认的DefaultContainer。ContainerUtil为Continer提供了很多的方法,就像Map对象一样。add....(...)、get(...)方法
完成Continer初始化后,就开始加载配置文件。这里会加载几个配置文件
首先会加载dwr.jar包里面的dwr.xml文件,这个文件里面定义了基本类型的转换,比如String、Date、Collection....还有一些Creator。比如new、null、Spring...这样的设计有一个好处,就是在以后的扩展中可以很轻松地将一个新的Creator加进去。
接着,加载程序configureFromInitParams会去查找ServletConfig里,即是web.xml中DwrServlet中有没有以"config"开关的Name,有话就提取出它的Value,并且以"\n"符把它分割,分别加载。这段代码如下:
boolean foundConfig = false;
while (en.hasMoreElements())
{
String name = (String) en.nextElement();
String value = servletConfig.getInitParameter(name);
// if the init param starts with "config" then try to load it
if (name.startsWith(INIT_CONFIG))
{
foundConfig = true;
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(value, "\n,");
while (st.hasMoreTokens())
{
String fileName = st.nextToken().trim();
DwrXmlConfigurator local = new DwrXmlConfigurator();
local.setServletResourceName(fileName);
local.configure(container);
}
}
else if (name.equals(INIT_CUSTOM_CONFIGURATOR))
{
foundConfig = true;
try
{
Configurator configurator = (Configurator) LocalUtil.classNewInstance(INIT_CUSTOM_CONFIGURATOR, value, Configurator.class);
configurator.configure(container);
log.debug("Loaded config from: " + value);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
log.warn("Failed to start custom configurator", ex);
}
}
}
也就是说我们可以在web.xml中进行以下配置,以加载多个dwr.xml文件:
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>uk.ltd.getahead.dwr.DWRServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>
dwrConfig1.xml
dwrConfig2.xml
.
</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>debug</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
其实这一段代码就是我们所需要的,在OSGi里面,可以在每个Bundle里面放置自己的dwr.xml文件,以配置自己的HTTP中的DWR方法。
好了,让我们开始OSGi的DWR之旅吧。
新建一个Plug-in项目。初始化,可以把它称为DwrServer。继续初始化......
在Eclipse时里面开始的话,让它生成Activator.java文件,它是Bundle级的Listener。代码如下:
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import org.directwebremoting.Container;
import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory;
import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory.WebContextBuilder;
import org.directwebremoting.extend.ServerLoadMonitor;
import org.directwebremoting.impl.ContainerUtil;
import org.directwebremoting.impl.DefaultContainer;
import org.directwebremoting.impl.StartupUtil;
import org.directwebremoting.servlet.UrlProcessor;
import org.directwebremoting.util.Logger;
import org.directwebremoting.util.ServletLoggingOutput;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
import org.osgi.framework.ServiceEvent;
import org.osgi.framework.ServiceListener;
import org.osgi.framework.ServiceReference;
import org.osgi.service.http.HttpService;
import org.osgi.util.tracker.ServiceTracker;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
public class Activator extends HttpServlet implements BundleActivator,
ServiceListener {
private BundleContext bc;
private ServiceReference ref;
private Servlet servlet;
/**
* dwr container
*/
private DefaultContainer container;
/**
* 用于储存http的WebContext对象
*/
private WebContextBuilder webContextBuilder;
/**
* 日志
*/
public static final Logger log = Logger.getLogger(Activator.class);
/**
* 取得DWR里的Container
* @return container
*/
public Container getContainer() {
return container;
}
/*
* (non-Javadoc)
*
* @see org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator#start(org.osgi.framework.BundleContext)
*/
public void start(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
bc = context;
registerServlet();
context.addServiceListener(this, "(objectClass="
+ HttpService.class.getName() + ")");
try {
// 初始化DWR,让Bundle启动时就去加载dwr配置,其实这可以放在其它地方做的
//有人建议不要在bundle启动时加载太多东西,会影响启动速度
//也是,但根据项目需求喽
URL url = new URL("HTTP", "127.0.0.1", 80, "/ajax/about");
URLConnection c = url.openConnection();
c.connect();
//以下代码用于测试,在应用时可以注释掉
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(c
.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
StringBuffer content = new StringBuffer();
while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {// line为返回值,这就可以判断是否成功、
content.append(line);
}
log.info(content.toString());
in.close();
in = null;
url = null;
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
/*
*
* @see org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator#stop(org.osgi.framework.BundleContext)
*/
public void stop(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
try {
unregisterServlet();
} catch (Throwable t) {
t.printStackTrace();
}
//这里有待完善,因为在这个Bundle停止时我们应该删除这个Bundle加载到Continer里的信息
servlet = null;
bc = null;
ref = null;
}
/*
* 注册Web应用
*/
private void registerServlet() {
if (ref == null) {
ref = bc.getServiceReference(HttpService.class.getName());
}
if (ref != null) {
try {
HttpService http = (HttpService) bc.getService(ref);
//这里把dwr的请求都定义为以/ajax开头
http.registerServlet("/ajax", new Activator(), null, null);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
public void serviceChanged(ServiceEvent event) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//这里可以再添加Bundle变化时的动作
}
/*
* 卸载Web应用
*/
private void unregisterServlet() {
if (ref != null) {
try {
HttpService http = (HttpService) bc.getService(ref);
http.unregister("/ajax");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
@Override
public void init(ServletConfig servletConfig) throws ServletException {
super.init(servletConfig);
ServletContext servletContext = servletConfig.getServletContext();
try {
//取得一个Container
container = ContainerUtil.createDefaultContainer(servletConfig);
//初始化Container
ContainerUtil.setupDefaultContainer(container, servletConfig);
//取得一个webContextBuilder,用于保存Servlet中的状态
webContextBuilder = StartupUtil.initWebContext(servletConfig,
servletContext, container);
StartupUtil.initServerContext(servletConfig, servletContext,
container);
ContainerUtil.prepareForWebContextFilter(servletContext,
servletConfig, container, webContextBuilder, this);
//这里是加载各个bundle里的dwr配置文件
DwrLoader.loadDwrConfig(container);
ContainerUtil.publishContainer(container, servletConfig);
} catch (ExceptionInInitializerError ex) {
log.fatal("ExceptionInInitializerError. Nested exception:", ex
.getException());
throw new ServletException(ex);
} catch (Exception ex) {
log.fatal("DwrServlet.init() failed", ex);
throw new ServletException(ex);
} finally {
if (webContextBuilder != null) {
webContextBuilder.unset();
}
ServletLoggingOutput.unsetExecutionContext();
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
try {
webContextBuilder.set(request, response, getServletConfig(),
getServletContext(), container);
ServletLoggingOutput.setExecutionContext(this);
UrlProcessor processor = (UrlProcessor) container
.getBean(UrlProcessor.class.getName());
processor.handle(request, response);
} finally {
webContextBuilder.unset();
ServletLoggingOutput.unsetExecutionContext();
}
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(request, response);
}
public void destroy() {
shutdown();
super.destroy();
}
public void shutdown() {
ServerLoadMonitor monitor = (ServerLoadMonitor) container
.getBean(ServerLoadMonitor.class.getName());
monitor.shutdown();
}
}
如果看过dwr源代码的人也许会发现,这个类和DwrServlet非常地像,的确,我是拷那里的。为什么不用它原来的呢?后面会写原因。。。
好了,接下来,是实现加载每个Bundle里的dwr配置的文件类DwrLoader.java了
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Dictionary;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import org.directwebremoting.impl.DefaultContainer;
import org.directwebremoting.impl.DwrXmlConfigurator;
import org.osgi.framework.Bundle;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import com.ycoe.core.SystemContext;
public class DwrLoader {
/**
* 权限配置文件
*/
private static final String DWR_CONFIG_FILE = "DWR-AJAX";
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public static void loadDwrConfig(
DefaultContainer container) throws IOException, ParserConfigurationException, SAXException{
BundleContext context = SystemContext.getUsysContext().getContext();
Bundle[] bundles = context.getBundles();
for (Bundle bundle : bundles) {
Dictionary headers = bundle.getHeaders();
String config = (String) headers.get(DWR_CONFIG_FILE);
// 如果配置文件存在
if (null != config) {
String[] configXmls = config.split(",");
for (String configXml : configXmls) {
DwrXmlConfigurator system = new DwrXmlConfigurator();
system.setClassResourceName(configXml);
system.configure(container);
}
}
}
}
}
完成!
然而会发现出错了。接下来的内容我在回复中写好了。See you...