C++/CLI中DataGridView

在CLI编程中，有个DataGridView表格，可以显示相关的数据。它有三种模式：

1.无约束模式

　　没有绑定数据库或其它物件，而是用手写代码给其填充数据的一种模式，一特产用dataGridView->Rows->Add()的形式加入数据。、

2.有约束模式

　　用DataGridView的DataSource来绑定数据源，如数据库或文件。用BindingSource控件很方便用。

3.虚拟模式

　　用DataGridView连接到内存中独立的数据源（数据缓存）

以下为无约束模式的例子，是手工在一个表格中显示自己定义的数据，里面都有注释，代码大部分是写在窗体Form1的构造函数中。

代码：

#pragma once

namespace SetGridView {

    using namespace System;
    using namespace System::ComponentModel;
    using namespace System::Collections;
    using namespace System::Windows::Forms;
    using namespace System::Data;
    using namespace System::Drawing;

    /// <summary>
    /// Form1 摘要
    /// </summary>
    public ref class Form1 : public System::Windows::Forms::Form
    {
    public:
        Form1(void)
        {
            //Form1的构造函数
            InitializeComponent();
            //记录当前的单元格及其颜色
            OldCellBackColor=Color::Empty; 
            OldCellForeColor=Color::Empty;
            highlightedCell=nullptr;
            
            //填充单元格的数据
            array<Object^>^ book1={gcnew DateTime(2011,1,8),L"ISBN-01",L"平凡的世界",L"路遥",L"人民邮电出版社"};
            array<Object^>^ book2={gcnew DateTime(2003,4,15),L"ISBN-Vs",L"最后的日子",L"Svte Johi",L"阿拉伯出版社"};
            array<Object^>^ book3={gcnew DateTime(2008,10,20),L"ISBN-06",L"优美时光",L"孟伟",L"人民大学出版社"};
            array<Object^>^ book4={gcnew DateTime(1998,6,7),L"ISBN-78",L"怀念父亲",L"李小珞",L"延边人民出版社"};
            array<Object^>^ book5={gcnew DateTime(1990,4,15),L"ISBN-Vt",L"海湾战争",L"Jifsl SVe Micvvf",L"半岛电台博文"};
            array<Object^>^ book6={gcnew DateTime(2004,5,18),L"ISBN-89",L"回家",L"在他乡",L"科技出版社"};
            array<Object^>^ book7={gcnew DateTime(2006,12,20),L"ISBN-6",L"纵横战场",L"张召忠",L"军事周刊"};

            array<array<Object^>^>^ books={book1,book2,book3,book4,book5,book6,book7};
            array<String^>^ headers={L"日 期",L"ISBN",L"标 题",L"作 者",L"出 版 社"};
            //设置dataGridView表头
            dataGridView1->ColumnCount=headers->Length;
            for(int i=0;i<headers->Length;i++)
                dataGridView1->Columns[i]->Name=headers[i];
            for each(array<Object^>^ book in books)
                dataGridView1->Rows->Add(book);
            //设置dataGridView的一些属性
            dataGridView1->Dock=DockStyle::Fill; 
            dataGridView1->AutoResizeColumns();
            dataGridView1->AutoSizeColumnsMode=DataGridViewAutoSizeColumnsMode::AllCells;
            dataGridView1->EnableHeadersVisualStyles=true;/*根据应用程序来设置的，如果为false则根据自己的设置来绘制*/

            //设置表头的属性
            DataGridViewCellStyle^ headerStyle=gcnew DataGridViewCellStyle;
            headerStyle->Font=gcnew System::Drawing::Font("Times New Roman",12,FontStyle::Bold);
            headerStyle->BackColor=Color::AliceBlue;
            headerStyle->ForeColor=Color::BurlyWood;
            dataGridView1->ColumnHeadersDefaultCellStyle=headerStyle;

            dataGridView1->AutoResizeColumnHeadersHeight();

            //表头的提示
            for each(DataGridViewColumn^ column in dataGridView1->Columns)
                column->ToolTipText=L"Click to\nSort rows";

            //用事件委托的方式来注册以下三个事件
            dataGridView1->CellFormatting += gcnew System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewCellFormattingEventHandler(this,&Form1::OnCellFormatting);
            dataGridView1->CellMouseEnter += gcnew System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewCellEventHandler(this,&Form1::OnCellMouseEnter);
            dataGridView1->CellMouseLeave += gcnew System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewCellEventHandler(this,&Form1::OnCellMouseLeave);

            
            //
            //TODO: 在此处添加构造函数代码
            //
        }

    protected:
        /// <summary>
        /// 清理所有正在使用的资源。
        /// </summary>
        ~Form1()
        {
            if (components)
            {
                delete components;
            }
        }
    private: System::Windows::Forms::DataGridView^  dataGridView1;
    protected: 

    private:
        //以下为单元格格式化的函数
        void OnCellFormatting(Object^ sender,System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewCellFormattingEventArgs^ e)
        {
            if(dataGridView1->Rows[e->RowIndex]->Cells[e->ColumnIndex]==highlightedCell)
                return;
           if(dataGridView1->Columns[e->ColumnIndex]->Name==L"日 期")
           {
               if(e->Value!=nullptr&&safe_cast<DateTime^>(e->Value)->Year<2000)
               {
                   e->CellStyle->BackColor=Color::Red;
                   e->FormattingApplied=false;/*是否对内容格式化*/
               }
           }
        }
        //鼠标进入及移出的事件处理
        void OnCellMouseEnter(Object^ sender,System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewCellEventArgs^ e)
        {
            if(e->ColumnIndex>=0 && e->RowIndex>=0)
            {
                highlightedCell=dataGridView1->Rows[e->RowIndex]->Cells[e->ColumnIndex];
                //保存旧的颜色
                OldCellBackColor=highlightedCell->Style->BackColor;
                OldCellForeColor=highlightedCell->Style->ForeColor;

                //设置当前的颜色
                highlightedCell->Style->BackColor=Color::Blue;
                highlightedCell->Style->ForeColor=Color::Red;
                //DataGridViewCell^ cell=dataGridView1->Rows[e->RowIndex]->Cells[e->ColumnIndex];
                
            }
        }
    
        void OnCellMouseLeave(Object^ sender,System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewCellEventArgs^ e)
        {
            if(e->ColumnIndex>=0&&e->RowIndex>=0)
            {
                //DataGridViewCell^ cell=dataGridView1->Rows[e->RowIndex]->Cells[e->ColumnIndex];
                highlightedCell->Style->BackColor=OldCellBackColor;
                highlightedCell->Style->ForeColor=OldCellForeColor;
                OldCellForeColor=OldCellBackColor=Color::Empty;
                highlightedCell=nullptr;
            }
        }

        //以下为自己的私有变量
        Color OldCellBackColor; 
        Color OldCellForeColor;
        DataGridViewCell^ highlightedCell;
        /// <summary>
        /// 必需的设计器变量。
        /// </summary>
        System::ComponentModel::Container ^components;

#pragma region Windows Form Designer generated code
        /// <summary>
        /// 设计器支持所需的方法 - 不要
        /// 使用代码编辑器修改此方法的内容。
        /// </summary>
        void InitializeComponent(void)
        {
            this->dataGridView1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::DataGridView());
            (cli::safe_cast<System::ComponentModel::ISupportInitialize^  >(this->dataGridView1))->BeginInit();
            this->SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // dataGridView1
            // 
            this->dataGridView1->ColumnHeadersHeightSizeMode = System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewColumnHeadersHeightSizeMode::AutoSize;
            this->dataGridView1->GridColor = System::Drawing::SystemColors::Control;
            this->dataGridView1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(0, 0);
            this->dataGridView1->Name = L"dataGridView1";
            this->dataGridView1->RowTemplate->Height = 23;
            this->dataGridView1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(284, 262);
            this->dataGridView1->TabIndex = 0;
            this->dataGridView1->CellContentClick += gcnew System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewCellEventHandler(this, &Form1::dataGridView1_CellContentClick);
            // 
            // Form1
            // 
            this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::SizeF(6, 12);
            this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font;
            this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(430, 320);
            this->Controls->Add(this->dataGridView1);
            this->Name = L"Form1";
            this->Text = L"Form1";
            this->Load += gcnew System::EventHandler(this, &Form1::Form1_Load);
            (cli::safe_cast<System::ComponentModel::ISupportInitialize^  >(this->dataGridView1))->EndInit();
            this->ResumeLayout(false);

        }
#pragma endregion
    private: System::Void dataGridView1_CellContentClick(System::Object^  sender, System::Windows::Forms::DataGridViewCellEventArgs^  e) {
             }
    private: System::Void Form1_Load(System::Object^  sender, System::EventArgs^  e) {
             }
    };
}

显示结果：