Deepest left leaf node in a binary tree

Recursion

1. selfcontained recursion
2. global variables outside of recursion

---

Recursion Design 

1. Whenever reach to a qualified node, record the node reference and level for that node
2. if meet next qualified node, compare the level, if larger, refresh the global node reference and level.
3. Recursively do 1 and 2 recursively for left tree and right tree

 

---

Data Structure 

    public class AVLTreeNode
    {
        public int data
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        public AVLTreeNode leftChild
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        public AVLTreeNode rightChild
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        public int height
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        public AVLTreeNode(int data)
        {
            this.data = data;
            this.height = 1;
        }
    }

---

Source Code

   public class Result
    {
        public int MaxHight
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        public AVLTreeNode ResultNode
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
    }

        // Find deepest left node
        public void FindDeepestLeftNode(AVLTreeNode node, bool isLeft, int height, Result result)
        {
            if (node == null)
            {
                return;
            }

            if (isLeft)
            {
                if (node.leftChild == null && node.rightChild == null && height > result.MaxHight)
                {
                    result.ResultNode = node;
                    result.MaxHight = height;
                }
            }

            FindDeepestLeftNode(node.leftChild, true, height + 1, result);
            FindDeepestLeftNode(node.rightChild, false, height + 1, result);
        }

        public AVLTreeNode GetDeepestLeftNode()
        {
            Result result = new Result()
            {
                MaxHight = 0,
                ResultNode = null
            };

            FindDeepestLeftNode(root, true, 0, result);
            return result.ResultNode;
        }

Complexity

Time complexity is O(N)

Space complexity is O(N)