Postgresql安装

1. Postgresql简介

2.  Postgresql源码编译 

<1>.  Postgresql简介

 Postgresql是一款object-relational DBMS，提供了如下的feature：

复杂查询complex queries

外键foreign key 

触发器trigger

  视图views

支持事务transactional integrity 

并发控制multiversion concurrency control 

另外值得一提的是 Postgresql数据库提供了强大的拓展功能，能够支持用户对其进行拓展。更为重要的是Postgresql是open soure，授权如下：PostgreSQL can be used, modified, and distributed by anyone free of charge for any purpose, be it private, commercial, or academic.

<2>.Postgresql源代码编译

2.1 下载Postgresql源代码

 xuqiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ wget ftp://ftp2.cn.postgresql.org/postgresql/source/v9.0.3/postgresql-9.0.3.tar.bz2

2.2 解压该文件

 xuqiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ tar xjvf postgresql-9.0.3.tar.bz2

2.3 进入解压玩的目录

 xuqiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ cd postgresql-9.0.3/

2.4 查看INSTALL

INSTALL文件中Short Version部分解释了如何安装postgresql的命令，Requirements部分描述了安装postgresql所依赖的lib，比较长，先configure试一下，如果出现error，那么需要检查是否满足了Requirements的要求。

2.5 执行INSTALL文件中Short Version的命令，开始编译安装postgrepsql数据库。

 xuqiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ ./configure

在我的环境下执行configure命令时，出现如下错误:

checking for main in -lm... yes

checking for library containing setproctitle... no

checking for library containing dlopen... -ldl

checking for library containing socket... none required

checking for library containing shl_load... no

checking for library containing getopt_long... none required

checking for library containing crypt... -lcrypt

checking for library containing fdatasync... none required

checking for library containing gethostbyname_r... none required

checking for library containing shmget... none required

checking for -lreadline... no

checking for -ledit... no

configure: error: readline library not found

If you have readline already installed, see config.log for details on the

failure.  It is possible the compiler isnt looking in the proper directory.

Use --without-readline to disable readline support. 

显然是postgresql安装所需的依赖项没有满足，安装readline包： 

sudo apt-get install libreadline5-dev

sudo apt-get install zlib1g-dev 

安装readline包之后，重新configure，成功。

2.6 make

 xuqiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ make

2.7 make install

 xuqiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ make install

2.8  添加用户postgres

 xuqiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ sudo adduser postgres

2.9 创建数据库文件存储文件夹

 xuqiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ sudo mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data

2.10 改变先前创建的data目录的文件夹的权限

 qiang@ubuntu:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ sudo chown postgres /usr/local/pgsql/data

2.11 切换用户

su - postgres 

2.12 绑定数据库文件存储目录

 postgres:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ sudo /usr/local/pgsql/bin/initdb -D /usr/local/pgsql/data

2.13 启动数据库

postgres:~/postgresql/postgresql-9.0.3$ sudo /usr/local/pgsql/bin/postgres -D /usr/local/pgsql/data >logfile 2>&1 &

[1] 18635

2.14 创建数据库test

postgres@ubuntu:~$ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/createdb test 

2.15 连接到test数据库

postgres@ubuntu:~$ /usr/local/pgsql/bin/psql test

psql (9.0.3)

Type "help" for help.

test=#

2.16 创建表table1

 test=# create table table1 (

test(# id integer

test(# );

CREATE TABLE

test=#

2.17 向table1表中插入一条记录

 test=# insert into table1 values(1);

INSERT 0 1

 2.18 查询刚刚插入的记录

 test=# select * from table1;

 id

----

  1

(1 row)