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小菜学习Winform(一)贪吃蛇

前言

  说到贪吃蛇,大家可能小时候都玩过,小菜最近在整理Winfrom的学习系列,那我觉得有兴趣才会有学习,就从这个小游戏讲起吧。

实现

  其实我刚开始学习编程的时候,感觉写个贪吃蛇的程序会很难,因为涉及到画图什么的,其实现在来看,实现很简单。

  实现贪吃蛇首先有几个元素:

  •  蛇
  •  食物

  然后有几个行为:

  •  吃食物和吃不到食物
  •  撞墙和撞自己

  说到这有点oo的意思啊,这篇就不啰嗦,只是简单实现,下篇会优化下。

  其实整个贪吃蛇的难点就在于画图,可能用其他语言实现有点复杂,但是强大的.net提供了GDI+绘图机制,实现起来就很方便了,其次就是细节的处理,比如坐标的定位,蛇的行走路线等。

  我们简单一点来看,食物可以看成一个小方格,蛇是有N个小方格组成,那我们就可以用GDI+这样实现:

 1         /// <summary>
 2         /// 画一个小方块
 3         /// </summary>
 4         public void DrawShape(int x, int y)
 5         {
 6             Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
 7             Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Blue, 2);
 8             g.DrawRectangle(pen, x, y, 15, 15);
 9             g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Green, x, y, 15, 15);
10         }
11 
12         /// <summary>
13         /// 画一个食物
14         /// </summary>
15         public void DrawFood(int x, int y)
16         {
17             Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
18             Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Red, 2);
19             SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Green);
20             g.DrawRectangle(pen, x, y, 15, 15);
21             g.FillRectangle(brush, x, y, 15, 15);
22         }

  Graphics这个类我就不多说,大家可以看看MSDN上介绍的用法,上面是画蛇的最小单元-方格,和一个食物方格,蛇的方格大小是15*15,边框颜色是Blue,填充色是Green;食物方格的大小是15*15,边框颜色是Red,填充色是Green。

  画好了基本元素,那下面就是用基本元素来表现蛇了,可以用Point数组来存储蛇的坐标,也就是每个方格的坐标,我们先看下代码:

 1         /// <summary>
 2         /// 设置Point数组坐标
 3         /// </summary>
 4         public void Forward(int drt)
 5         {
 6             Point temp = snakeArr[0];
 7 
 8             for (int i = snakeLen-1; i > 0; i--)
 9             {
10                 snakeArr[i].X = snakeArr[i - 1].X;
11                 snakeArr[i].Y = snakeArr[i - 1].Y;
12             }
13             switch (drt)
14             {
15                 case 1:
16                     snakeArr[0].X = temp.X;
17                     snakeArr[0].Y = temp.Y - 15;
18                     break; //
19                 case 2:
20                     snakeArr[0].X = temp.X + 15;
21                     snakeArr[0].Y = temp.Y;
22                     break; //
23                 case 3:
24                     snakeArr[0].X = temp.X;
25                     snakeArr[0].Y = temp.Y + 15;
26                     break; //
27                 case 4:
28                     snakeArr[0].X = temp.X - 15;
29                     snakeArr[0].Y = temp.Y;
30                     break; //
31             }
32         }

  drt参数是键盘上上下左右键对应的数字,snakeLen是数组的长度也就是方格的个数,上面那个for循环主要的作用是把前一个数组的坐标赋值给下一个,就像是毛毛虫爬行一样,后一节会按照前一节的路线来爬,下面那个switch的作用是,设置蛇头的行进路线。

  再下面就是判断蛇是否吃到食物、是否撞到墙和撞到自己,因为蛇和食物都是用坐标存储的,所以只要判断蛇头坐标是否等于食物坐标就可以了:

 1         /// <summary>
 2         /// 判断是否吃到食物
 3         /// </summary>
 4         public bool EatedFoot(Point FoodLct)
 5         {
 6             if (snakeArr[0].X == FoodLct.X && snakeArr[0].Y == FoodLct.Y)
 7             {
 8                 if (snakeLen < SnakeMaxLength)
 9                 {
10                     snakeLen++;
11                     snakeArr[snakeLen].X = snakeArr[snakeLen - 1].X;
12                     snakeArr[snakeLen].Y = snakeArr[snakeLen - 1].Y;
13                 }
14                 return true;
15             }
16             else
17                 return false;
18         }        
19 
20         /// <summary>
21         /// 判断是否撞到自己
22         /// </summary>
23         public bool CheckSnakeHeadInSnakeBody()
24         {
25             return this.CheckInSnakeBody(this.snakeArr[0].X, this.snakeArr[0].Y, 1);
26         }
27         /// <summary>
28         /// 检查输入的坐标是否在蛇的身上
29         /// </summary>
30         public bool CheckInSnakeBody(int x, int y, int snkHead)
31         {
32             for (int i = snkHead; i < snakeLen; i++)
33             {
34                 if (x == this.snakeArr[i].X && y == this.snakeArr[i].Y)
35                 {
36                     return true;
37                 }
38             }
39             return false;
40         }
41 
42         /// <summary>
43         /// 判断是否撞墙
44         /// </summary>
45         /// <returns></returns>
46         public bool CheckSnakeBodyInFrm()
47         {
48             if (this.snakeArr[0].X >= 594 || this.snakeArr[0].Y >= 399 - 32 || this.snakeArr[0].X < 0 || this.snakeArr[0].Y < 0)
49                 return true;
50             else
51                 return false;
52         }    

  实现上面的几个步骤,简单版的贪吃蛇基本上就完成了,再加上一个timer控件,这样蛇就会“动”起来了,就这么简单。

  完整代码:

  1 using System;
  2 using System.Collections.Generic;
  3 using System.ComponentModel;
  4 using System.Data;
  5 using System.Drawing;
  6 using System.Linq;
  7 using System.Text;
  8 using System.Windows.Forms;
  9 
 10 namespace 贪吃蛇自练_GDI_
 11 {
 12     public partial class Form1 : Form
 13     {
 14         public Point FoodLct = new Point();//缓存食物的坐标
 15         public int snakeLen=6;
 16         public const int SnakeMaxLength = 500;
 17         public Point[] snakeArr = new Point[SnakeMaxLength];
 18         public int snakeDrt = 2;
 19         public bool panDuan = true;
 20 
 21         public Form1()
 22         {
 23             InitializeComponent();
 24 
 25             int temp = 0;
 26             for (int i = snakeLen - 1; i >= 0; i--)
 27             {
 28                 snakeArr[i].X = temp;
 29                 snakeArr[i].Y = 0;
 30                 temp += 15;
 31             }
 32         }
 33 
 34         /// <summary>
 35         /// 画一个小方块
 36         /// </summary>
 37         public void DrawShape(int x, int y)
 38         {
 39             Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
 40             Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Blue, 2);
 41             g.DrawRectangle(pen, x, y, 15, 15);
 42             g.FillRectangle(Brushes.Green, x, y, 15, 15);
 43         }
 44 
 45         /// <summary>
 46         /// 画一个食物
 47         /// </summary>
 48         public void DrawFood(int x, int y)
 49         {
 50             Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
 51             Pen pen = new Pen(Color.Red, 2);
 52             SolidBrush brush = new SolidBrush(Color.Green);
 53             g.DrawRectangle(pen, x, y, 15, 15);
 54             g.FillRectangle(brush, x, y, 15, 15);
 55         }
 56 
 57         /// <summary>
 58         /// 设置Point数组坐标
 59         /// </summary>
 60         public void Forward(int drt)
 61         {
 62             Point temp = snakeArr[0];
 63 
 64             for (int i = snakeLen-1; i > 0; i--)
 65             {
 66                 snakeArr[i].X = snakeArr[i - 1].X;
 67                 snakeArr[i].Y = snakeArr[i - 1].Y;
 68             }
 69             switch (drt)
 70             {
 71                 case 1:
 72                     snakeArr[0].X = temp.X;
 73                     snakeArr[0].Y = temp.Y - 15;
 74                     break; //
 75                 case 2:
 76                     snakeArr[0].X = temp.X + 15;
 77                     snakeArr[0].Y = temp.Y;
 78                     break; //
 79                 case 3:
 80                     snakeArr[0].X = temp.X;
 81                     snakeArr[0].Y = temp.Y + 15;
 82                     break; //
 83                 case 4:
 84                     snakeArr[0].X = temp.X - 15;
 85                     snakeArr[0].Y = temp.Y;
 86                     break; //
 87             }
 88         }
 89 
 90         /// <summary>
 91         /// 时间事件
 92         /// </summary>
 93         private void timer1_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
 94         {
 95             Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
 96             g.Clear(Color.DarkKhaki);//清除整个画面
 97 
 98             Forward(snakeDrt);
 99             for (int i = 0; i < snakeLen; i++)
100             {
101                 DrawShape(snakeArr[i].X, snakeArr[i].Y);
102             }
103 
104             if (panDuan)
105             {
106                 ShowFood();
107                 //DrawFood(FoodLct.X, FoodLct.Y);
108                 panDuan = false;
109             }
110 
111             if (EatedFoot(FoodLct))
112             {
113                 ShowFood();
114                 DrawFood(FoodLct.X, FoodLct.Y);
115             }
116             else
117             {
118                 DrawFood(FoodLct.X, FoodLct.Y);
119             }
120 
121             if (CheckSnakeHeadInSnakeBody() || CheckSnakeBodyInFrm())
122             {
123                 this.timer1.Enabled = false;
124                 MessageBox.Show("游戏结束!");
125             }
126         }
127 
128         /// <summary>
129         /// 按下方向键
130         /// </summary>
131         private void Form1_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
132         {
133             if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Up)
134                 snakeDrt = 1;
135             else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Down)
136                 snakeDrt = 3;
137             else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Right)
138                 snakeDrt = 2;
139             else if (e.KeyCode == Keys.Left)
140                 snakeDrt = 4;
141         }
142 
143         /// <summary>
144         /// 判断是否撞到自己
145         /// </summary>
146         public bool CheckSnakeHeadInSnakeBody()
147         {
148             return this.CheckInSnakeBody(this.snakeArr[0].X, this.snakeArr[0].Y, 1);
149         }
150         /// <summary>
151         /// 检查输入的坐标是否在蛇的身上
152         /// </summary>
153         public bool CheckInSnakeBody(int x, int y, int snkHead)
154         {
155             for (int i = snkHead; i < snakeLen; i++)
156             {
157                 if (x == this.snakeArr[i].X && y == this.snakeArr[i].Y)
158                 {
159                     return true;
160                 }
161             }
162             return false;
163         }
164 
165         /// <summary>
166         /// 判断是否撞墙
167         /// </summary>
168         /// <returns></returns>
169         public bool CheckSnakeBodyInFrm()
170         {
171             if (this.snakeArr[0].X >= 594 || this.snakeArr[0].Y >= 399 - 32 || this.snakeArr[0].X < 0 || this.snakeArr[0].Y < 0)
172                 return true;
173             else
174                 return false;
175         }
176 
177         /// <summary>
178         /// 随机显示食物
179         /// </summary>
180         public void ShowFood()
181         {
182             Random rmd = new Random();
183             int x, y;
184             x = rmd.Next(0, this.Width/15)*15;
185             y = rmd.Next(0, this.Height/15)*15;
186             //while (this.CheckInSnakeBody(x, y, 1))
187             //{
188             //    x = rmd.Next(0, 32) * 15;
189             //    y = 32 + rmd.Next(0, 30) * 15;
190             //}
191             FoodLct.X = x;
192             FoodLct.Y = y;
193         }
194 
195         /// <summary>
196         /// 判断是否吃到食物
197         /// </summary>
198         public bool EatedFoot(Point FoodLct)
199         {
200             if (snakeArr[0].X == FoodLct.X && snakeArr[0].Y == FoodLct.Y)
201             {
202                 if (snakeLen < SnakeMaxLength)
203                 {
204                     snakeLen++;
205                     snakeArr[snakeLen].X = snakeArr[snakeLen - 1].X;
206                     snakeArr[snakeLen].Y = snakeArr[snakeLen - 1].Y;
207                 }
208                 return true;
209             }
210             else
211                 return false;
212         }
213     }
214 }
View Code

  运行截图:

  程序下载:贪吃蛇

  附录:小菜学习编程-Winform系列(初学者)

后记

  其实这个简单的小程序需要做的优化有很多,比如上面说的oo,得分模式,蛇行进加速模式等等,希望在下篇来完成。

 

posted @ 2014-01-06 11:01  田园里的蟋蟀  阅读(4579)  评论(8编辑  收藏  举报