最新mysql安装教程

配置YUM源

在MySQL官网中下载YUM源rpm安装包：http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

# 下载mysql源安装包
shell> wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
# 安装mysql源
shell> yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm

检查mysql源是否安装成功

shell> yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

输出以下内容表示ok

Repodata is over 2 weeks old. Install yum-cron? Or run: yum makecache fast
!mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community                 74
!mysql-tools-community/x86_64      MySQL Tools Community                      74
!mysql57-community/x86_64          MySQL 5.7 Community Server                307

可以修改vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo源，改变默认安装的mysql版本。比如要安装5.6版本，将5.7源的enabled=1改成enabled=0。然后再将5.6源的enabled=0改成enabled=1即可。

安装MySQL

先安装相关依赖：

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel* make cmake bison git openssl openssl-devel

开始安装：

shell> yum install mysql-community-server

启动mysql

systemctl start mysqld

开机启动

systemctl enable mysqld.service

停止服务

systemctl enable mysqld.service

重启服务

systemctl restart mysqld.service

查看状态

systemctl status mysqld.service

mysql查找报错信息&配置信息

查找mysql路径：

which mysqld
输出：/usr/sbin/mysqld

查找my.cnf的路径同时如果有报错信息也会输出

/usr/sbin/mysqld --verbose --help |grep -A 1 'Default options'

my.cnf基本配置（/etc/my.cnf）

# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html

[mysqld]
#
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
#
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
#
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0
lower_case_table_names=1
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
#validate_password = off
[mysqld]
#character_set_server=utf8
#init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
#skip-grant-tables
wait_timeout=86400

character-set-server=utf8mb4
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

修改默认密码

mysql5.7 会生成默认密码在：/var/log/mysqld.log [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: lQidlh;BX4*x

通过命令查看默认密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

密码不对 or 找不到密码怎嘛办..?

1. 修改配置文件

    vim /etc/my.cnf
    在[mysqld]节点添加
    skip-grant-tables

2. 重启mysql
3. 用空密码进入

    mysql -uroot
    　　
    update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' and Host = 'localhost';
    flush privileges;
    exit;

4. 还原my.cnf

授权远程连接权限

mysql -u root -p 
    
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'youpassword' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;#重载授权表：
exit;