vmware安装——CentOS-6.5和Mysql

1.新建虚拟机

2.安装centos6.5

3.centos设置

查看网络

4.vmware设置网络连接

关闭selinux

[root@china ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config

关闭防火墙

关闭命令：  service iptables stop 
永久关闭防火墙：chkconfig iptables off

两个命令同时运行，运行完成后查看防火墙关闭状态 
service iptables status

永久改变IP地址

[root@china ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 
编辑网卡eth0的配置文件

编辑文件，保存

ONBOOT=yes
#在开机的的时候启动网络卡
NM_CONTROLLED=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
#使用固定IP
IPADDR=192.168.5.128
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.5.2DNS1=192.168.5.2

使用“service network restart”命令重新启动network服务，使配置文件生效。四个状态都必须是OK，否则说明设置有问题，需要重新修改设置

修改/etc/resolv.conf

nameserver=114.114.114.114

测试连接

5.修改镜像源为国内

第一步：备份你的原镜像文件，以免出错后可以恢复。

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

第二步：下载新的CentOS-Base.repo 到/etc/yum.repos.d/

wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo

第三步：运行yum makecache生成缓存

yum makecache

详细内容

[root@china ~]# mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
[root@china ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
--2018-04-27 23:15:49--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.aliyun.com... 114.80.174.21, 101.226.181.252, 101.226.181.251, ...
正在连接 mirrors.aliyun.com|114.80.174.21|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：2572 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo”

100%[==============================================================================================================>] 2,572       --.-K/s   in 0.001s  

2018-04-27 23:15:50 (3.13 MB/s) - 已保存 “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo” [2572/2572])

[root@china ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                                                                                                             | 3.7 kB     00:00     
base/filelists_db                                                                                                                | 6.4 MB     00:03     
extras                                                                                                                           | 3.4 kB     00:00     
extras/filelists_db                                                                                                              |  26 kB     00:00     
extras/prestodelta                                                                                                               | 1.7 kB     00:00     
extras/other_db                                                                                                                  |  32 kB     00:00     
updates                                                                                                                          | 3.4 kB     00:00     
updates/filelists_db                                                                                                             | 4.3 MB     00:02     
updates/prestodelta                                                                                                              | 245 kB     00:00     
updates/other_db                                                                                                                 | 100 MB     00:57     
Metadata Cache Created
[root@china ~]# yum install -y libaio-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Setting up Install Process
Package libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

6.安装mysql数据库，并建立连接

安装

[root@china mysql]# tar -xzvf mysql-5.5.59-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz 


#安装依赖包
yum install -y libaio-devel
#创建用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#创建数据目录
mkdir -p /data/mysql
#赋予权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql
#移动到指定目录
mv mysql-5.5.59-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
#因为系统有一个默认my.cnf，咱们给它改下名字
mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.default
#复制我们需要的my.cnf到指定目录
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
#在support-files目录下有几个cnf，根据内存大小来选择
my-small.cnf （内存<=64M）
my-medium.cnf （内存128M）
my-large.cnf （内存512M）
my-huge.cnf （内存1G-2G）
my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf （内存4GB）
 
#编辑我们复制过去的my.cnf，并且在[mysqld]的下一行那里插入以下内容
vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
character-set-server=utf8
 
#添加环境变量，在末尾插入以下内容
vi /etc/profile

PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
export PATH
 
#让刚才的修改生效
source /etc/profile
#复制启动脚本到指定目录
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
 
#准备工作都做完了，开始初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql
 
#启动数据库
service mysqld start
[root@china mysql]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/china.err'.
.                                                          [确定]


#开机启动
chkconfig mysqld on
 
#初始化mysql的一些设置
mysql_secure_installation
#回车
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
#y，设置mysql的root密码
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...



All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!
#重启mysql
[root@china mysql]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.                                       [确定]
Starting MySQL..                                           [确定]
#查看mysql进程
[root@china mysql]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root       9966      1  0 23:38 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/china.pid
mysql     10290   9966  0 23:38 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=china.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/china.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root      10315   7503  0 23:38 pts/0    00:00:00 grep mysql

设置mysql字符集

#1. 修改配置文件 vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
default-character-set=utf8 
[client]
default-character-set=utf8 
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

#mysql5.5以上：修改方式有所改动
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

#2. 重启服务
service mysqld restart
#3. 查看修改结果：
\s
show variables like '%char%'

+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                            |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                             |
| character_set_connection | utf8                             |
| character_set_database   | utf8                             |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                           |
| character_set_results    | utf8                             |
| character_set_server     | utf8                             |
| character_set_system     | utf8                             |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------+

登录mysql，查看数据库信息，并创建用户

#登录mysql
[root@china mysql]# mysql -u root -p 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.59-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database testmysql
    -> ;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> use testmysql


mysql> create table test1( `id` int auto_increment,  `name` varchar(30) not null, grade int, primary key (`id`));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE `test1` \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: test1
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test1` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
  `grade` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc test1
    -> ;
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id    | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| name  | varchar(30) | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| grade | int(11)     | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

#创建用户
mysql> CREATE USER 'yycenter'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'qwe123';
#给用户赋予权限
mysql> GRANT ALL  ON *.* TO 'yycenter'@'%';
#使更改立即生效
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
#退出
mysql> \q

mysql> CREATE USER 'yycenter'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'qwe123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> GRANT ALL  ON *.* TO 'yycenter'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


mysql> use mysql
Database changed
mysql> select host,user,password from user;
+-----------+----------+-------------------------------------------+
| host      | user     | password                                  |
+-----------+----------+-------------------------------------------+
| localhost | root     | *F861720E101148897B0F5239DB926E756B1C28B3 |
| 127.0.0.1 | root     | *F861720E101148897B0F5239DB926E756B1C28B3 |
| ::1       | root     | *F861720E101148897B0F5239DB926E756B1C28B3 |
| %         | yycenter | *8DCDD69CE7D121DE8013062AEAEB2A148910D50E |
+-----------+----------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

切换mysql用户

[root@china ~]# su - mysql
This account is currently not available.
[root@china ~]# usermod -s /bin/bash mysql
[root@china ~]# su - mysql
[mysql@china ~]$ ll

linux平台下，破解mysql root密码

#启动时，跳过授权库
vim /etc/my.cnf    #mysql主配置文件
[mysqld]
skip-grant-table


#重启mysqld
service mysqld restart

#修改密码
[root@china ~]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.


mysql> select user,password,host from mysql.user;
+----------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+
| user     | password                                  | host      |
+----------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+
| root     | *F861720E101148897B0F5239DB926E756B1C28B3 | localhost |
| yycenter | *8DCDD69CE7D121DE8013062AEAEB2A148910D50E | %         |
+----------+-------------------------------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> update mysql.user set password=password("123") where user="root" and host="localhost";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> \q


#打开/etc/my.cnf去掉skip-grant-table,然后重启
service mysqld restart

#重新登录
[root@china ~]#mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
[root@china ~]# 
[root@china ~]# mysql -uroot -p123
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2