主语表明这句话说的是谁和什么.
谓语说明主语的动作或状态。
表语表示主语的状态、身份和特征
宾语一般用在及物动词的后面，表示行为动词所涉及的对象。
定语用来修饰名词或代词。
状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
Simple sentence
主语＋谓语
Day broke.(不及物动词) 天亮了。
Things change 事物是变化的。
主语＋谓语＋主语补语(主语＋连系动词＋表语)
He died young. 他死的早
John was cast as Hamlet 约翰扮演哈姆雷特.
He and I are pretty good swimmers. 我和他游泳都游的不错
The doctors seemed very capable. 这些大夫好像都很能干
主语＋谓语＋宾语
Robbie didn’t deny the facts
She heard whisperings 她听到沙沙声
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语
we gave the bady a bath
Judith paid me a visit
He asked her a question
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补语
I found this book easy
They held him hostage
He watched the maid come in
I heard him coming up the stairs slowly, as if he were carrying something heavy.
compound sentence
由两个简单句连接而成。由等立连词和连接副词连接。
Complex sentence
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句（名称性从句）、同位语从句（与定于从句现象相似，但与先行词是同位或等同）、定语从句、状语从句。
连接词(七类)：
从属连词:whether,when,although,because,if and so on
疑问代词:who,whom,whose,which,what
疑问副词:when,where,why,how
关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that
关系副词:when,where,why
缩合连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,that,whichever
缩合连接副词whenever,where,wherever,however
