Socket网络编程--聊天程序(1)

  很早的一段时间,看了APUE和UNPv1了解了网络编程,但是但是只是看而已,没有具体的实践,趁现在没有什么事做,就来实践了解一下网络编程。写博客保存下来,方便以后用到的时候可以查到。

  此次的聊天程序是迭代开发的。就是一步一步的修改成不同功能的聊天程序。

  服务器server和客户端client

  

  一对一,server和client是每人一句话聊天

  讲解几个函数gethostbyname(),这个函数以前讲过就不多说了。

  socket函数

  #include <sys/socket.h>

  int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);    //返回值:若成功则返回文件(套接字)描述符,若出错则返回-1

  connect函数

  #include <sys/socket.h>

  int connect(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t len);   //返回值:若成功则返回0,若出错则返回-1

  bind函数

  #include <sys/socket.h>

  int bind(int sockfd, const struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t len);   //返回值:若成功则返回0,若出错则返回-1

  listen函数

  #include <sys/socket.h>

  int listen(int sockfd, int backlog);  //返回值:若成功则返回0,若出错则返回-1,backlog表示连接请求数量

  accept函数

  #include <sys/socket.h>

  int accept(int socdfd, struct sockaddr *restrict addr, socklen_t * restrict len); //若成功则返回文件(socket套接字)描述符,若出错则返回-1

  recv函数

  #include <sys/socket.h>

  ssize_t recv(int sockfd, void *buf, size_t nbytes, int flags);  //返回值:以字节计数的消息长度,若无可用消息或对方已经按序结束则返回0,若出错则返回-1

  send函数

  #include <sys/socket.h>

  ssize_t send(int sockfd, const void *buf, size_t nbytes, int flags);  //返回值:若成功则返回发送的字节数,若出错则返回-1

  fgets函数

  #include <stdio.h>

  char *fgets(char *s, int size, FILE *stream);

   介绍完函数后,就直接贴出代码。

  client.c

 1 #include <stdio.h>
 2 #include <stdlib.h>
 3 #include <errno.h>
 4 #include <string.h>
 5 #include <netdb.h> //for gethostbyname
 6 #include <sys/types.h>
 7 #include <sys/socket.h>
 8 #include <netinet/in.h>
 9 #include <arpa/inet.h>
10 
11 #define MAX_BUF 4096
12 #define SERVER_PORT 12138
13 
14 
15 int main(int argc,char *argv[])
16 {
17     int sockfd;//socket
18     char sendBuf[MAX_BUF],recvBuf[MAX_BUF];
19     int sendSize,recvSize;//用于记录记录发送和接收到数据的大小
20     struct hostent * host;
21     struct sockaddr_in servAddr;
22     char username[32];
23     char * p;
24 
25     if(argc != 3)
26     {
27         perror("use: ./client [hostname] [username]");
28         exit(-1);
29     }
30     p=username;
31     strcpy(p,argv[2]);
32     printf("username:%s\n",username);
33     host=gethostbyname(argv[1]);
34     if(host==NULL)
35     {
36       perror("fail to get host by name.");
37         exit(-1);
38     }
39     printf("Success to get host by name ...\n");
40 
41     //创建socket
42     if((sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1)
43     {
44       perror("fail to establish a socket");
45       exit(1);
46     }
47     printf("Success to establish a socket...\n");
48     
49     /*init sockaddr_in*/
50     servAddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
51     servAddr.sin_port=htons(SERVER_PORT);
52     servAddr.sin_addr=*((struct in_addr *)host->h_addr);
53     bzero(&(servAddr.sin_zero),8);
54 
55     /*connect the socket*/
56     if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&servAddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))==-1)
57     {
58       perror("fail to connect the socket");
59       exit(1);
60     }
61     printf("Success to connect the socket...\n");
62 
63     //send-recv
64     while(1)
65     {
66         printf("Input:");
67         fgets(sendBuf,MAX_BUF,stdin);
68         send(sockfd,sendBuf,strlen(sendBuf),0);
69         memset(sendBuf,0,sizeof(sendBuf));
70         recv(sockfd,recvBuf,MAX_BUF,0);
71         printf("Server:%s\n",recvBuf);
72         memset(recvBuf,0,sizeof(recvBuf));
73     }
74 
75     return 0;
76 }

  server.c

  1 #include <stdio.h>
  2 #include <stdlib.h>
  3 #include <errno.h>
  4 #include <string.h>
  5 #include <netdb.h>
  6 #include <sys/types.h>
  7 #include <sys/socket.h>
  8 #include <sys/time.h>
  9 #include <sys/un.h>
 10 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
 11 #include <sys/wait.h>
 12 #include <netinet/in.h>
 13 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 14 
 15 
 16 #define SERVER_PORT 12138
 17 #define BACKLOG 20
 18 #define MAX_CON_NO 10
 19 #define MAX_DATA_SIZE 4096
 20 
 21 int main(int argc,char *argv[])
 22 {
 23     struct sockaddr_in serverSockaddr,clientSockaddr;
 24     char sendBuf[MAX_DATA_SIZE],recvBuf[MAX_DATA_SIZE];
 25     int sendSize,recvSize;
 26     int sockfd,clientfd;
 27     int on=1;
 28     int sinSize=0;
 29     char username[32];
 30 
 31     if(argc != 2)
 32     {
 33         printf("usage: ./server [username]\n");
 34         exit(1);
 35     }
 36     strcpy(username,argv[1]);
 37     printf("username:%s\n",username);
 38 
 39     /*establish a socket*/
 40     if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1)
 41     {
 42         perror("fail to establish a socket");
 43         exit(1);
 44     }
 45     printf("Success to establish a socket...\n");
 46 
 47     /*init sockaddr_in*/
 48     serverSockaddr.sin_family=AF_INET;
 49     serverSockaddr.sin_port=htons(SERVER_PORT);
 50     serverSockaddr.sin_addr.s_addr=htonl(INADDR_ANY);
 51     bzero(&(serverSockaddr.sin_zero),8);
 52 
 53     setsockopt(sockfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,&on,sizeof(on));
 54 
 55     /*bind socket*/
 56     if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&serverSockaddr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
 57     {
 58         perror("fail to bind");
 59         exit(1);
 60     }
 61     printf("Success to bind the socket...\n");
 62 
 63     /*listen on the socket*/
 64     if(listen(sockfd,BACKLOG)==-1)
 65     {
 66         perror("fail to listen");
 67         exit(1);
 68     }
 69 
 70     /*accept a client's request*/
 71     if((clientfd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr  *)&clientSockaddr, &sinSize))==-1)
 72     {
 73         perror("fail to accept");
 74         exit(1);
 75     }
 76     printf("Success to accpet a connection request...\n");
 77     printf(" %s join in!\n",inet_ntoa(clientSockaddr.sin_addr));
 78     while(1)
 79     {
 80         /*receive datas from client*/
 81         if((recvSize=recv(clientfd,recvBuf,MAX_DATA_SIZE,0))==-1)
 82         {
 83             perror("fail to receive datas");
 84             exit(1);
 85         }
 86         printf("%s\n",recvBuf);
 87         memset(recvBuf,0,MAX_DATA_SIZE);
 88 
 89         /*send datas to client*/
 90         printf("Server:");
 91         fgets(sendBuf,MAX_DATA_SIZE,stdin);
 92         if((sendSize=send(clientfd,sendBuf,strlen(sendBuf),0))!=strlen(sendBuf))
 93         {
 94             perror("fail to send datas");
 95             exit(1);
 96         }
 97         printf("Success to send datas\n");
 98         memset(sendBuf,0,MAX_DATA_SIZE);
 99     }
100 
101     return 0;
102 }

   这些代码都比较简单,详细的讲解网上都有,这里就不多说了。

  

  本文地址: http://www.cnblogs.com/wunaozai/p/3870156.html

posted @ 2014-07-26 16:25  无脑仔的小明  阅读(6811)  评论(3编辑  收藏  举报