Android -- NestedScrolling滑动机制
1,如今NestedScrolling运用到很多地方了,要想好看一点的滑动变换,基本上就是使用这个来完成的,让我们来简单的了解一下。
2,NestedScrolling机制能够让父View和子View在滚动式进行配合,其基本流程如下:
- 当子view开始滚动之前,可以通知父View,让其先于自己进行滚动;
- 子View自己进行滚动;
- 子view滚动之后,还可以通知父view继续滚动。
//主要接口 NestedScrollingChild NestedScrollingParent //帮助类 NestedScrollingChildHelper NestedScrollingParentHelper
//开始、停止嵌套滚动 public boolean startNestedScroll(int axes); public void stopNestedScroll(); //触摸滚动相关 public boolean dispatchNestedPreScroll(int dx, int dy, int[] consumed, int[] offsetInWindow); public boolean dispatchNestedScroll(int dxConsumed, int dyConsumed, int dxUnconsumed, int dyUnconsumed, int[] offsetInWindow); //惯性滚动相关 public boolean dispatchNestedPreFling(float velocityX, float velocityY); public boolean dispatchNestedFling(float velocityX, float velocityY, boolean consumed);
//当开启、停止嵌套滚动时被调用 public boolean onStartNestedScroll(View child, View target, int nestedScrollAxes); public void onNestedScrollAccepted(View child, View target, int nestedScrollAxes); public void onStopNestedScroll(View target); //当触摸嵌套滚动时被调用 public void onNestedPreScroll(View target, int dx, int dy, int[] consumed); public void onNestedScroll(View target, int dxConsumed, int dyConsumed, int dxUnconsumed, int dyUnconsumed); //当惯性嵌套滚动时被调用 public boolean onNestedPreFling(View target, float velocityX, float velocityY); public boolean onNestedFling(View target, float velocityX, float velocityY, boolean consumed);
- 调用child的startNestedScroll()来发起嵌套滑动流程(实质上是寻找能够配合child进行嵌套滚动的parent)。parent的onStartNestedScroll()会被调用,若此方法返回true,则OnNestScrollAccepted()也会被调用。
- chuld每次滚动前,可以先询问parent是否要滚动,即调用dispatchNestedScroll(),这时可以回调到parent的OnNestedPreScroll(),parent可以在这个回调中先于child滚动。
- dispatchNestedPreScroll()之后,child可以进行自己的滚动操作。
3,自定义NestedScrolling控件
先看一下效果
先看一下布局文件
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" > <com.qianmo.mynestedscrolling.view.MyNestedScrollParent android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:layout_alignParentLeft="true" android:layout_alignParentStart="true" android:layout_alignParentTop="true" android:orientation="vertical"> <ImageView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:src="@mipmap/ic_launcher"/> <TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:background="#f0f" android:text="上面的图片会被隐藏,而这个文字不会被隐藏"/> <com.qianmo.mynestedscrolling.view.MyNestedScrollChild android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="vertical"> <TextView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="123\n456\n789\n111\n222\n333\n444\n555\n666\n777\n888\n999\n14\n12\n13\n44\n55\n66\n77\n88\n99\n11\n22\n33\n44\n55\n66\n77\n88\n99\n77\n88\n88\n8\n88\n88\n" android:textColor="#f0f" android:textSize="20sp"/> </com.qianmo.mynestedscrolling.view.MyNestedScrollChild> </com.qianmo.mynestedscrolling.view.MyNestedScrollParent> </RelativeLayout>
布局文件只是简单的嵌套,MyNestedScrollParent继承Linearlayout,并实现NestedScrollingParent接口,MyNestedScrollChild同理,先来看看MyNestedScrollChild这个类吧。
MyNestedScrollChild.java
package com.qianmo.mynestedscrolling.view; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Build; import android.support.annotation.RequiresApi; import android.support.v4.view.NestedScrollingChild; import android.support.v4.view.NestedScrollingChildHelper; import android.support.v4.view.ViewCompat; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.widget.LinearLayout; /** * Created by Administrator on 2017/2/14 0014. * E-Mil:543441727@qq.com */ public class MyNestedScrollChild extends LinearLayout implements NestedScrollingChild { private NestedScrollingChildHelper mNestedScrollingChildHelper; private final int[] offset = new int[2]; //偏移量 private final int[] consumed = new int[2]; //消费 private int lastY; private int showHeight; public MyNestedScrollChild(Context context) { super(context); } public MyNestedScrollChild(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); } @Override protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) { //第一次测量,因为布局文件中高度是wrap_content,因此测量模式为atmost,即高度不超过父控件的剩余空间 super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); showHeight = getMeasuredHeight(); //第二次测量,对稿哦度没有任何限制,那么测量出来的就是完全展示内容所需要的高度 heightMeasureSpec = MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec); } @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) @Override public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { switch (event.getAction()) { //按下 case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: lastY = (int) event.getRawY(); break; //移动 case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: int y = (int) (event.getRawY()); int dy = y - lastY; lastY = y; if (startNestedScroll(ViewCompat.SCROLL_AXIS_HORIZONTAL) && dispatchNestedPreScroll(0, dy, consumed, offset)) //如果找到了支持嵌套滑动的父类,父类进行了一系列的滑动 { //获取滑动距离 int remain = dy - consumed[1]; if (remain != 0) { scrollBy(0, -remain); } } else { scrollBy(0, -dy); } break; } return true; } //限制滚动范围 @Override public void scrollTo(int x, int y) { int maxY = getMeasuredHeight() - showHeight; if (y > maxY) { y = maxY; } if (y < 0) { y = 0; } super.scrollTo(x, y); } //初始化helper对象 private NestedScrollingChildHelper getScrollingChildHelper() { if (mNestedScrollingChildHelper == null) { mNestedScrollingChildHelper = new NestedScrollingChildHelper(this); mNestedScrollingChildHelper.setNestedScrollingEnabled(true); } return mNestedScrollingChildHelper; } //实现一下接口 @Override public void setNestedScrollingEnabled(boolean enabled) { getScrollingChildHelper().setNestedScrollingEnabled(enabled); } @Override public boolean isNestedScrollingEnabled() { return getScrollingChildHelper().isNestedScrollingEnabled(); } @Override public boolean startNestedScroll(int axes) { return getScrollingChildHelper().startNestedScroll(axes); } @Override public void stopNestedScroll() { getScrollingChildHelper().stopNestedScroll(); } @Override public boolean hasNestedScrollingParent() { return getScrollingChildHelper().hasNestedScrollingParent(); } @Override public boolean dispatchNestedScroll(int dxConsumed, int dyConsumed, int dxUnconsumed, int dyUnconsumed, int[] offsetInWindow) { return getScrollingChildHelper().dispatchNestedScroll(dxConsumed, dyConsumed, dxUnconsumed, dyUnconsumed, offsetInWindow); } @Override public boolean dispatchNestedPreScroll(int dx, int dy, int[] consumed, int[] offsetInWindow) { return getScrollingChildHelper().dispatchNestedPreScroll(dx, dy, consumed, offsetInWindow); } @Override public boolean dispatchNestedFling(float velocityX, float velocityY, boolean consumed) { return getScrollingChildHelper().dispatchNestedFling(velocityX, velocityY, consumed); } @Override public boolean dispatchNestedPreFling(float velocityX, float velocityY) { return getScrollingChildHelper().dispatchNestedPreFling(velocityX, velocityY); } }
主要是在OnTouchEvent中先后调用了startNestedScroll()
和dispatchNestedPreScroll()
方法,在借助helper来完成NestedScrollingParent接口方法
MyNestedScrollParent.java
package com.qianmo.mynestedscrolling.view; import android.content.Context; import android.support.v4.view.NestedScrollingParent; import android.support.v4.view.NestedScrollingParentHelper; import android.util.AttributeSet; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewTreeObserver; import android.widget.ImageView; import android.widget.LinearLayout; import android.widget.TextView; /** * Created by wangjitao on 2017/2/14 0014. * E-Mail:543441727@qq.com * 嵌套滑动机制父View */ public class MyNestedScrollParent extends LinearLayout implements NestedScrollingParent { private ImageView img; private TextView tv; private MyNestedScrollChild myNestedScrollChild; private NestedScrollingParentHelper mNestedScrollingParentHelper; private int imgHeight; private int tvHeight; public MyNestedScrollParent(Context context) { super(context); } public MyNestedScrollParent(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) { super(context, attrs); init(); } private void init() { mNestedScrollingParentHelper = new NestedScrollingParentHelper(this); } //获取子view @Override protected void onFinishInflate() { img = (ImageView) getChildAt(0); tv = (TextView) getChildAt(1); myNestedScrollChild = (MyNestedScrollChild) getChildAt(2); img.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() { @Override public void onGlobalLayout() { if (imgHeight <= 0) { imgHeight = img.getMeasuredHeight(); } } }); tv.getViewTreeObserver().addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() { @Override public void onGlobalLayout() { if (tvHeight <= 0) { tvHeight = tv.getMeasuredHeight(); } } }); } //在此可以判断参数target是哪一个子view以及滚动的方向,然后决定是否要配合其进行嵌套滚动 @Override public boolean onStartNestedScroll(View child, View target, int nestedScrollAxes) { if (target instanceof MyNestedScrollChild) { return true; } return false; } @Override public void onNestedScrollAccepted(View child, View target, int nestedScrollAxes) { mNestedScrollingParentHelper.onNestedScrollAccepted(child, target, nestedScrollAxes); } @Override public void onStopNestedScroll(View target) { mNestedScrollingParentHelper.onStopNestedScroll(target); } //先于child滚动 //前3个为输入参数,最后一个是输出参数 @Override public void onNestedPreScroll(View target, int dx, int dy, int[] consumed) { if (showImg(dy) || hideImg(dy)) {//如果需要显示或隐藏图片,即需要自己(parent)滚动 scrollBy(0, -dy);//滚动 consumed[1] = dy;//告诉child我消费了多少 } } //后于child滚动 @Override public void onNestedScroll(View target, int dxConsumed, int dyConsumed, int dxUnconsumed, int dyUnconsumed) { } //返回值:是否消费了fling @Override public boolean onNestedPreFling(View target, float velocityX, float velocityY) { return false; } //返回值:是否消费了fling @Override public boolean onNestedFling(View target, float velocityX, float velocityY, boolean consumed) { return false; } @Override public int getNestedScrollAxes() { return mNestedScrollingParentHelper.getNestedScrollAxes(); } //下拉的时候是否要向下滚动以显示图片 public boolean showImg(int dy) { if (dy > 0) { if (getScrollY() > 0 && myNestedScrollChild.getScrollY() == 0) { return true; } } return false; } //上拉的时候,是否要向上滚动,隐藏图片 public boolean hideImg(int dy) { if (dy < 0) { if (getScrollY() < imgHeight) { return true; } } return false; } //scrollBy内部会调用scrollTo //限制滚动范围 @Override public void scrollTo(int x, int y) { if (y < 0) { y = 0; } if (y > imgHeight) { y = imgHeight; } super.scrollTo(x, y); } }
MyNestedScrollParent主要是实现一下功能
①、在onStartNestedScroll()中判断参数target是哪一个子view以及滚动的方向,然后决定是否要配合其进行嵌套滚动
②、在onNestedPreScroll()中获取需要滚动的距离,根据情况决定自己是否要进行滚动,最后还要将自己滚动消费掉的距离存储在consumed数组中回传给child
就这样基本实现了,很简单有没有,再看看我们接下来要实现的效果,如图:
也很简单,就不在废话了,直接和上面的项目一起,直接上源码 https://github.com/543441727/MyNestedScrolling
See You Next Time !