mysql的二进制安装方式
mysql总共有三种安装方式，源代码安装，二进制安装和源安装。这次写的是二进制安装，对其他两种方式不予讨论。
关闭selinux和防火墙
上课的时候，老师说过这是重中之重，一定要先关闭selinux和iptables。如果不关闭这两个，可能会出现莫名其妙的错误，所以还是关闭的好。
[root@mysql_master mysql]# vi /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
把SELINUX赋值为disabled就可以了,修改文件以后，是需要重启的。再用getenforce来查看是否修改成功。
[root@mysql_master mysql]# getenforce
Disabled
先临时关闭防火墙，再永久关闭防火墙
[root@mysql_master mysql]# service iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
[root@mysql_master mysql]# chkconfig iptables off
下载mysql二进制安装包
安装mysql之前首先就要确定自己想要用什么分支什么版本的mysql了，这里我使用的mysql官方的5.6.29版本.这里还有别的选择，例如percona分支和mariadb分支。好多人都推荐percona分支。
[root@mysql_master Downloads]# wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.29-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
下载完是这样一个文件
[root@mysql_master Downloads]# ls
mysql-5.6.29-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
创建用户，组和data目录
因为只是为了学习安装。所以没有创建其他的目录，只是一个data目录。创建mysql用户并不是为了登录主机的，而是单纯为了给目录和文件赋权限，表明这些是mysql用户的，所以在创建用户的使用使用了-r，-s /bin/false 来防止某些人使用这个用户登录主机。
[root@mysql_master]# groupadd mysql
[root@mysql_master]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
[root@mysql_master]# cd /
[root@mysql_master]# mkdir data
[root@mysql_master]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data
解压mysql二进制压缩文件，并且初始化data目录
解压mysql二进制压缩文件到安装目录，我选择/opt/mysql，你可以选择其他的,还要先修改一个mysql配置文件，并且进行简单的配置。解压缩出来的目录里面有这个文件的范本的。只需要拷贝和修改一下就可以了。我的配置范本在/opt/mysql/support-files下面，文件名为my-default.cnf，修改一下，并且cp到/etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql_master Downloads]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.29-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@mysql_master Downloads]# cp -a mysql-5.6.29-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /opt/mysql
[root@mysql_master Downloads]# cd /opt/mysql/support-files
[root@mysql_master support-files]# vi ./my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
把文件配置成为下面这样就可以了，当然这是最简单的配置，只是为了演示安装而已。配置项为basedir，datadir，user三项。
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir = /opt/mysql
datadir = /data
user = /data
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
# socket = .....
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
[root@mysql_master support-files]# cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
初始化/data目录
[root@mysql_master mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file = /etc/my.cnf
启动mysql，进行连接测试
[root@mysql_master mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --defaults-file = /etc/my.cnf &
[root@mysql_master mysql]# ./bin/mysql -S /tmp/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.29 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
到这里，mysql的二进制安装就全部结束了。
