c#下实现ping操作

1、利用原始Socket套接字，实现ICMP协议。

using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Text; 
using System.Net; 
using System.Net.Sockets; 


namespace PingC 
{ 
    class ping 
    { 
        const int SOCKET_ERROR = -1; 
        const int ICMP_ECHO = 8; 
        static void Main(string[] args) 
        { 
            ping p = new ping(); 
            Console.WriteLine("请输入要 Ping 的IP或者主机名字："); 
            string MyUrl = Console.ReadLine(); 
            Console.WriteLine("正在 Ping " + MyUrl + " ……"); 
            Console.Write(p.PingHost(MyUrl)); 
        } 
        public string PingHost(string host) 
        { 
            // 声明 IPHostEntry 
            IPHostEntry ServerHE, fromHE; 
            int nBytes = 0; 
            int dwStart = 0, dwStop = 0; 

            //初始化ICMP的Socket 
            Socket socket = 
             new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Raw, ProtocolType.Icmp); 
            socket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.Socket, SocketOptionName.SendTimeout, 1000); 
            // 得到Server EndPoint 
            try 
            { 
                ServerHE = Dns.GetHostByName(host); 
            } 
            catch (Exception) 
            { 

                return "没有发现主机"; 
            } 

            // 把 Server IP_EndPoint转换成EndPoint 
            IPEndPoint ipepServer = new IPEndPoint(ServerHE.AddressList[0], 0); 
            EndPoint epServer = (ipepServer); 

            // 设定客户机的接收Endpoint 
            fromHE = Dns.GetHostByName(Dns.GetHostName()); 
            IPEndPoint ipEndPointFrom = new IPEndPoint(fromHE.AddressList[0], 0); 
            EndPoint EndPointFrom = (ipEndPointFrom); 

            int PacketSize = 0; 
            IcmpPacket packet = new IcmpPacket(); 

            // 构建要发送的包 
            packet.Type = ICMP_ECHO; //8 
            packet.SubCode = 0; 
            packet.CheckSum =0; 
            packet.Identifier = 45; 
            packet.SequenceNumber = 0; 
            int PingData = 24; // sizeof(IcmpPacket) - 8; 
            packet.Data = new Byte[PingData]; 

            // 初始化Packet.Data 
            for (int i = 0; i < PingData; i++) 
            { 
                packet.Data[i] = (byte)'#'; 
            } 

            //Variable to hold the total Packet size 
            PacketSize = 32; 
            Byte[] icmp_pkt_buffer = new Byte[PacketSize]; 
            Int32 Index = 0; 
            //again check the packet size 
            Index = Serialize( 
             packet, 
             icmp_pkt_buffer, 
             PacketSize, 
             PingData); 
            //if there is a error report it 
            if (Index == -1) 
            { 
                return "Error Creating Packet"; 

            } 
            // convert into a UInt16 array 

            //Get the Half size of the Packet 
            Double double_length = Convert.ToDouble(Index); 
            Double dtemp = Math.Ceiling(double_length / 2); 
            int cksum_buffer_length = Index/2; 
            //Create a Byte Array 
            UInt16[] cksum_buffer = new UInt16[cksum_buffer_length]; 
            //Code to initialize the Uint16 array 
            int icmp_header_buffer_index = 0; 
            for (int i = 0; i < cksum_buffer_length; i++) 
            { 
                cksum_buffer[i] = 
                 BitConverter.ToUInt16(icmp_pkt_buffer, icmp_header_buffer_index); 
                icmp_header_buffer_index += 2; 
            } 
            //Call a method which will return a checksum 
            UInt16 u_cksum = checksum(cksum_buffer, cksum_buffer_length); 
            //Save the checksum to the Packet 
            packet.CheckSum = u_cksum; 

            // Now that we have the checksum, serialize the packet again 
            Byte[] sendbuf = new Byte[PacketSize]; 
            //again check the packet size 
            Index = Serialize( 
             packet, 
             sendbuf, 
             PacketSize, 
             PingData); 
            //if there is a error report it 
            if (Index == -1) 
            { 
                return "Error Creating Packet"; 

            } 

            dwStart = System.Environment.TickCount; // Start timing 
            //send the Packet over the socket 
            if ((nBytes = socket.SendTo(sendbuf, PacketSize, 0, epServer)) == SOCKET_ERROR) 
            { 
                return "Socket Error: cannot send Packet"; 
            } 
            // Initialize the buffers. The receive buffer is the size of the 
            // ICMP header plus the IP header (20 bytes) 
            Byte[] ReceiveBuffer = new Byte[256]; 
            nBytes = 0; 
            //Receive the bytes 
            bool recd = false; 
            int timeout = 0; 

            //loop for checking the time of the server responding 
            while (!recd) 
            { 
                nBytes = socket.ReceiveFrom(ReceiveBuffer, 256, 0, ref EndPointFrom); 
                if (nBytes == SOCKET_ERROR) 
                { 
                    return "主机没有响应"; 

                } 
                else if (nBytes > 0) 
                { 
                    dwStop = System.Environment.TickCount - dwStart; // stop timing 
                    return "Reply from " + epServer.ToString() + " in " 
                    + dwStop + "ms.  Received: " + nBytes + " Bytes."; 

                } 
                timeout = System.Environment.TickCount - dwStart; 
                if (timeout > 1000) 
                { 
                    return "超时"; 
                } 
            } 

            //close the socket 
            socket.Close(); 
            return ""; 
        } 
        /// <summary> 
        ///  This method get the Packet and calculates the total size 
        ///  of the Pack by converting it to byte array 
        /// </summary> 
        public static Int32 Serialize(IcmpPacket packet, Byte[] Buffer, 
         Int32 PacketSize, Int32 PingData) 
        { 
            Int32 cbReturn = 0; 
            // serialize the struct into the array 
            int Index = 0; 

            Byte[] b_type = new Byte[1]; 
            b_type[0] = (packet.Type); 

            Byte[] b_code = new Byte[1]; 
            b_code[0] = (packet.SubCode); 

            Byte[] b_cksum = BitConverter.GetBytes(packet.CheckSum); 
            Byte[] b_id = BitConverter.GetBytes(packet.Identifier); 
            Byte[] b_seq = BitConverter.GetBytes(packet.SequenceNumber); 

            Array.Copy(b_type, 0, Buffer, Index, b_type.Length); 
            Index += b_type.Length; 

            Array.Copy(b_code, 0, Buffer, Index, b_code.Length); 
            Index += b_code.Length; 

            Array.Copy(b_cksum, 0, Buffer, Index, b_cksum.Length); 
            Index += b_cksum.Length; 

            Array.Copy(b_id, 0, Buffer, Index, b_id.Length); 
            Index += b_id.Length; 

            Array.Copy(b_seq, 0, Buffer, Index, b_seq.Length); 
            Index += b_seq.Length; 

            // copy the data 
            Array.Copy(packet.Data, 0, Buffer, Index, PingData); 
            Index += PingData; 
            if (Index != PacketSize/* sizeof(IcmpPacket)  */) 
            { 
                cbReturn = -1; 
                return cbReturn; 
            } 

            cbReturn = Index; 
            return cbReturn; 
        } 
        /// <summary> 
        ///  This Method has the algorithm to make a checksum 
        /// </summary> 
        public static UInt16 checksum(UInt16[] buffer, int size) 
        { 
            Int32 cksum = 0; 
            int counter; 
            counter = 0; 

            while (size > 0) 
            { 
                UInt16 val = buffer[counter]; 

                cksum += buffer[counter]; 
                counter += 1; 
                size -= 1; 
            } 

            cksum = (cksum >> 16) + (cksum & 0xffff); 
            cksum += (cksum >> 16); 
            return (UInt16)(~cksum); 
        } 
    } 
    /// 类结束 
    /// <summary> 
    ///  Class that holds the Pack information 
    /// </summary> 
    public class IcmpPacket 
    { 
        public Byte Type;    // type of message 
        public Byte SubCode;    // type of sub code 
        public UInt16 CheckSum;   // ones complement checksum of struct 
        public UInt16 Identifier;      // identifier 
        public UInt16 SequenceNumber;     // sequence number 
        public Byte[] Data; 

    } // class IcmpPacket 

} 

2、执行ping命令

首先，我们用使用Process类，来创建独立的进程，导入System.Diagnostics，

using System.Diagnostics;

实例一个Process类，启动一个独立进程

Process p = new Process();

Process类有一个StartInfo属性，这个是ProcessStartInfo类，包括了一些属性和方法，

下面我们用到了他的几个属性：

设定程序名

p.StartInfo.FileName = "cmd.exe";

关闭Shell的使用

p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;

重定向标准输入

p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;

重定向标准输出

p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;

重定向错误输出

p.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;

设置不显示窗口

p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;

上面几个属性的设置是比较关键的一步。

既然都设置好了那就启动进程吧，

p.Start();

输入要执行的命令，这里就是ping了，

p.StandardInput.WriteLine("ping -n 1 www.iwebtrados.com.cn");

p.StandardInput.WriteLine("exit");

从输出流获取命令执行结果，

string strRst = p.StandardOutput.ReadToEnd();

3、利用c#2.0新增的Ping类

这里我写的是一个窗体程序。首先添加textbox,listbox,button控件，其中textbox录入域名或IP，listbox显示结果.

在button1_click事件键入

 

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{ 
    Ping p1 = new Ping(); //只是演示，没有做错误处理 
    PingReply reply = p1.Send(this.textBox1.Text);//阻塞方式 
    displayReply(reply); //显示结果 

} 

private void displayReply(PingReply reply) //显示结果 
{ 
    StringBuilder sbuilder ; 
    if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success) 
    { 
        sbuilder = new StringBuilder(); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("Address: {0} ", reply.Address.ToString ())); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("RoundTrip time: {0} ", reply.RoundtripTime)); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("Time to live: {0} ", reply.Options.Ttl)); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("Don't fragment: {0} ", reply.Options.DontFragment)); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("Buffer size: {0} ", reply.Buffer.Length)); 
        listBox1.Items.Add(sbuilder.ToString()); 
    } 

}

也可以做异步的处理，修改button1_click,并添加PingCompletedCallBack方法

 

private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{ 
    Ping p1 = new Ping(); 
    p1.PingCompleted += new PingCompletedEventHandler(this.PingCompletedCallBack);//设置PingCompleted事件处理程序 
    p1.SendAsync(this.textBox1.Text, null); 
}

private void PingCompletedCallBack(object sender, PingCompletedEventArgs e) 
{ 
    if (e.Cancelled) 
    { 
        listBox1.Items.Add("Ping Canncel"); 
        return; 
    } 
    if (e.Error != null) 
    { 
        listBox1.Items.Add(e.Error.Message); 
        return; 

    } 
    StringBuilder sbuilder; 
    PingReply reply = e.Reply; 
    if (reply.Status == IPStatus.Success) 
    { 
        sbuilder = new StringBuilder(); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("Address: {0} ", reply.Address.ToString())); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("RoundTrip time: {0} ", reply.RoundtripTime)); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("Time to live: {0} ", reply.Options.Ttl)); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("Don't fragment: {0} ", reply.Options.DontFragment)); 
        sbuilder.Append(string.Format("Buffer size: {0} ", reply.Buffer.Length)); 
        listBox1.Items.Add(sbuilder.ToString()); 

    } 
}

怎么样，相比1、2方式，3是不是简单的多呀。