一统天下 flutter - 插件: flutter 使用 ios 原生控件,并做数据通信
一统天下 flutter - 插件: flutter 使用 ios 原生控件,并做数据通信
示例如下:
lib\plugin\plugin2.dart
/*
* 插件
* 本例用于演示 flutter 使用 android/ios 原生控件,并做数据通信
*
* 一、android 插件开发
* 1、主 flutter 项目要先在 android 平台中运行一下
* 2、在 android 文件夹上,使用右键菜单,然后选择 Flutter -> Open Android module in Android Studio 即可开发插件
* 3、参见 /android/app/src/main/kotlin/com/example/flutter_demo/MainActivity.kt
*
* 二、ios 插件开发
* 1、主 flutter 项目要先在 ios 平台中运行一下
* 2、在 android studio 或 visual studio code 中执行如下逻辑
* cd ios
* pod install
* 3、用 xcode 中打开 /ios/Runner.xcworkspace 即可开发插件
* 4、参见 /ios/Runner/AppDelegate.swift
*
*
* 注:插件中实现的功能不支持 flutter 的 hot reload
*/
import 'dart:async';
import 'dart:io';
import 'package:flutter/foundation.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
import '../helper.dart';
class Plugin2Demo extends StatefulWidget {
const Plugin2Demo({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
@override
_Plugin2DemoState createState() => _Plugin2DemoState();
}
class _Plugin2DemoState extends State<Plugin2Demo> {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: const Text('title'),
),
body: const _MyWidget()
);
}
}
class _MyWidget extends StatefulWidget {
const _MyWidget({Key? key}) : super(key: key);
@override
_MyWidgetState createState() => _MyWidgetState();
}
class _MyWidgetState extends State<_MyWidget> {
/// 用于保存从 android/ios 发送到 flutter 的数据
String _nativeToFlutterMessage = '';
/// 用于控制 android/ios 和 flutter 通信的 controller
final _controller = _MyViewController();
@override
void initState() {
_controller.addListener(() {
setState(() {
_nativeToFlutterMessage = _controller.nativeToFlutterMessage;
});
});
super.initState();
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Column(
crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.stretch,
children: [
Expanded(
child: Container(
color: Colors.red,
child: _buildNativeView(),
),
),
Expanded(
child: Container(
color: Colors.green,
child: _buildFlutterView(),
),
),
],
);
}
/// 嵌入到 flutter 中的 android/ios 的 view
Widget _buildNativeView() {
return _MyNativeView(
controller: _controller,
);
}
Widget _buildFlutterView() {
return Stack(
alignment: AlignmentDirectional.bottomCenter,
children: [
Column(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
children: [
Text("native to flutter: $_nativeToFlutterMessage"),
const SizedBox(height: 10),
ElevatedButton(
onPressed: () {
_controller.flutterToNative("${DateTime.now().millisecondsSinceEpoch}");
},
child: const Text('发送数据给 Native'),
),
],
),
const Padding(
padding: EdgeInsets.only(bottom: 15),
child: Text(
'Flutter - View',
style: TextStyle(
fontSize: 24,
fontWeight: FontWeight.bold,
),
),
),
],
);
}
}
/// 嵌入到 flutter 中的 android/ios 的 view
class _MyNativeView extends StatefulWidget {
final _MyViewController controller;
const _MyNativeView({required this.controller, Key? key}) : super(key: key);
@override
_MyNativeViewState createState() => _MyNativeViewState();
}
class _MyNativeViewState extends State<_MyNativeView> {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
/// 判断是否为 web 环境要用 kIsWeb
/// 如果在 web 环境使用 Platform.xxx 的话会报错的
if (kIsWeb) {
return const MyText("不支持 web 环境");
}
if (Platform.isAndroid) {
/// 嵌入到 flutter 中的 android 的 view(相关的插件在 android/app/src/main/kotlin/com/example/flutter_demo/MyFlutterPlugin2.kt)
return AndroidView(
viewType: 'com.webabcd.flutter/myview', /// 需要嵌入的 view 的标识(这是在插件中定义的)
onPlatformViewCreated: _onPlatformViewCreated, /// 传给插件的初始参数
creationParams: const <String, dynamic>{'k1': 'p1', 'k2': 'p2'}, /// 传给插件的初始参数的编码方式
creationParamsCodec: const StandardMessageCodec(), /// 需要嵌入的 view 创建后触发的事件
);
}
if (Platform.isIOS) {
/// 嵌入到 flutter 中的 ios 的 view(相关的插件在 ios/Runner/MyFlutterPlugin2.swift)
return UiKitView(
viewType: 'com.webabcd.flutter/myview', /// 需要嵌入的 view 的标识(这是在插件中定义的)
creationParams: const <String, dynamic>{'k1': 'p1', 'k2': 'p2'}, /// 传给插件的初始参数
creationParamsCodec: const StandardMessageCodec(), /// 传给插件的初始参数的编码方式
onPlatformViewCreated: _onPlatformViewCreated, /// 需要嵌入的 view 创建后触发的事件
);
}
return const MyText("不支持当前环境");
}
/// 对于 android 来说,这个 id 是插件中 PlatformViewFactory 的 create() 中生成的 viewId
/// 对于 ios 来说,这个 id 是插件中 FlutterPlatformViewFactory 的 create() 中生成的 viewId
void _onPlatformViewCreated(int id) {
var methodChannel = MethodChannel('com.webabcd.flutter/channel2_view$id');
widget.controller.setMethodChannel(methodChannel);
}
}
/// 用于控制 android/ios 和 flutter 通信的 controller
class _MyViewController extends ChangeNotifier {
late MethodChannel _methodChannel;
String nativeToFlutterMessage = "";
/// 接收从 android/ios 发送到 flutter 的数据
void setMethodChannel(MethodChannel methodChannel) {
_methodChannel = methodChannel;
_methodChannel.setMethodCallHandler((call) async {
switch (call.method) {
case 'nativeToFlutter':
final result = call.arguments as String;
nativeToFlutterMessage = result;
notifyListeners();
break;
}
});
}
/// 从 flutter 发送数据到 android/ios
Future<void> flutterToNative(String message) async {
await _methodChannel.invokeMethod('flutterToNative', message);
}
}
ios\Runner\AppDelegate.swift
/*
* 本例用于演示 ios 插件的开发
*/
import UIKit
import Flutter
@UIApplicationMain
@objc class AppDelegate: FlutterAppDelegate
{
override func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions:[UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool
{
// 用于为某个插件提供服务
let registrar1: FlutterPluginRegistrar = self.registrar(forPlugin: "com.webabcd.flutter/plugin1")!
let registrar2: FlutterPluginRegistrar = self.registrar(forPlugin: "com.webabcd.flutter/plugin2")!
// 注册自定义插件,用于演示 flutter 与 ios 原生之间的数据通信
MyFlutterPlugin1.register(with: registrar1)
// 注册自定义插件,用于演示 flutter 使用 ios 原生控件,并做数据通信
MyFlutterPlugin2.register(with: registrar2)
GeneratedPluginRegistrant.register(with: self)
return super.application(application, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions: launchOptions)
}
}
ios\Runner\MyFlutterPlugin2.swift
/*
* 自定义插件,用于演示 flutter 使用 ios 原生控件,并做数据通信
*/
import UIKit
import Flutter
// 自定义插件
class MyFlutterPlugin2: NSObject, FlutterPlugin
{
static func register(with registrar: FlutterPluginRegistrar)
{
let binaryMessenger = registrar.messenger() // binaryMessenger 用于后续通过 FlutterMethodChannel 传输二进制数据
let factory = MyFlutterPlatformViewFactory(binaryMessenger: binaryMessenger)
registrar.register(factory, withId: "com.webabcd.flutter/myview") // 指定 view 的标识,在 flutter 中通过此标识使用这个 view
}
}
// 自定义 FlutterPlatformViewFactory 用于创建一个 FlutterPlatformView
class MyFlutterPlatformViewFactory: NSObject,FlutterPlatformViewFactory {
var binaryMessenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger?
init(binaryMessenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger)
{
super.init()
self.binaryMessenger = binaryMessenger
}
// viewId - 创建的 view 实例的 id(当这个 view 创建成功后,回调 UiKitView 的 onPlatformViewCreated 时,会把这个 viewId 传递过去)
// args - 在 flutter 中通过 UiKitView 的 creationParams 传递过来的初始参数
func create(withFrame frame: CGRect, viewIdentifier viewId: Int64, arguments args: Any?) -> FlutterPlatformView
{
return MyFlutterPlatformView(frame, viewId: viewId, args: args, binaryMessenger: self.binaryMessenger!)
}
// 初始参数的编码方式,要与 UiKitView 的 creationParamsCodec 一致
func createArgsCodec() -> FlutterMessageCodec & NSObjectProtocol
{
return FlutterStandardMessageCodec.sharedInstance()
}
}
// 自定义 FlutterPlatformView 用于将指定的 ios 中的 view 嵌入到 flutter 中
class MyFlutterPlatformView: NSObject, FlutterPlatformView {
// 需要嵌入到 flutter 中的 ios 的 view
var _myView: MyView?
// 用于 flutter 与 ios 之间的通信
var _methodChannel: FlutterMethodChannel?
init(_ frame: CGRect, viewId: Int64, args :Any?, binaryMessenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger)
{
super.init()
_myView = MyView()
_myView!.frame = frame
// 获取在 flutter 中通过 UiKitView 的 creationParams 传递过来的初始参数
if let dict = args as? NSDictionary
{
_myView!.showMessage(message: "flutter 创建 UiKitView 时的初始参数 k1:\(dict.value(forKey: "k1") as! String), k2:\(dict.value(forKey: "k2") as! String)")
}
// 创建一个 FlutterMethodChannel 并指定其名称,它用于 flutter 和 ios 插件之间的通信(在 flutter 中通过名称获取此 channel 后就可以通信了)
// binaryMessenger 的意思是这个 FlutterMethodChannel 用于传输二进制数据
_methodChannel = FlutterMethodChannel(name: "com.webabcd.flutter/channel2_view\(viewId)", binaryMessenger: binaryMessenger)
// flutter 调用 ios 插件中的方法时,会执行到这里(更详细的说明请参见 MyFlutterPlugin1.swift)
_methodChannel!.setMethodCallHandler { (call:FlutterMethodCall, result:@escaping FlutterResult) in
let method = call.method
if (method == "flutterToNative")
{
let message = call.arguments as! String
self._myView!.showMessage(message: "flutter to ios: \(message)")
result(true)
}
}
_myView!.setIosToFlutterHandler { message in
// 通过 FlutterMethodChannel 从 ios 发送数据到 flutter
self._methodChannel!.invokeMethod("nativeToFlutter", arguments: message)
}
}
// 返回需要嵌入到 flutter 中的 ios 的 view
func view() -> UIView {
return _myView!
}
}
ios\Runner\MyView.swift
/*
* 本例的 view 用于显示在 flutter 中
*/
import Foundation
class MyView : UIView
{
var textViewBottom = UITextView()
var textView = UITextView()
var button = UIButton(type: .custom)
required init?(coder: NSCoder)
{
super.init(coder:coder);
}
override init(frame: CGRect)
{
super.init(frame: frame);
self.textView.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14)
self.textView.textColor = .black
self.textView.backgroundColor = .clear
self.textView.textAlignment = .center
self.textView.isEditable = false
self.addSubview(self.textView)
self.button.setTitle("发送数据给 flutter", for: .normal)
self.button.backgroundColor = .blue
self.button.layer.cornerRadius = 10
self.button.titleLabel?.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14)
self.button.titleLabel?.textColor = .white
self.button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(buttonPressed), for: .touchUpInside)
self.addSubview(self.button)
self.textViewBottom.font = UIFont.boldSystemFont(ofSize: 24)
self.textViewBottom.textColor = .black
self.textViewBottom.backgroundColor = .clear
self.textViewBottom.textAlignment = .center
self.textViewBottom.isEditable = false
self.textViewBottom.text = "iOS - View"
self.addSubview(self.textViewBottom)
}
override func layoutSubviews()
{
super.layoutSubviews()
self.button.frame = CGRect(x: (self.bounds.width - 200) / 2, y: self.bounds.height / 2, width: 200, height: 30)
self.textView.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: self.bounds.height / 4, width: self.bounds.width, height: 30)
self.textViewBottom.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: self.bounds.height - 60, width: self.bounds.width, height: 40)
}
// 用于显示 flutter 发送到 ios 的数据
func showMessage(message: String)
{
self.textView.text = message
}
@objc func buttonPressed()
{
// 用于从 ios 发送数据到 flutter
self.iosToFlutter("\(Int(Date().timeIntervalSince1970 * 1000))")
}
private var iosToFlutter:(_ message: String) -> () = { p in }
func setIosToFlutterHandler(iosToFlutter: @escaping ((_ message: String) -> ()))
{
self.iosToFlutter = iosToFlutter
}
}