稳扎稳打Silverlight(25) - 2.0线程之Thread, Timer, BackgroundWorker, ThreadPool

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稳扎稳打Silverlight(25) - 2.0线程之Thread, Timer, BackgroundWorker, ThreadPool


作者:webabcd


介绍
Silverlight 2.0 使用Thread, Timer, BackgroundWorker, ThreadPool来实现多线程开发
    Thread - 用于线程的创建和控制的类
    Timer - 用于以指定的时间间隔执行指定的方法的类
    BackgroundWorker - 用于在单独的线程上运行操作
    ThreadPool - 线程池的管理类


在线DEMO
http://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/archive/2008/10/09/1307486.html


示例
1、Thread.xaml
<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Thread.Thread"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="5">
    
        
<TextBlock x:Name="txtMsg" />
    
    
</StackPanel>
</UserControl>

Thread.xaml.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace Silverlight20.Thread
{
    
public partial class Thread : UserControl
    
{
        
string result = "";

        
public Thread()
        
{
            InitializeComponent();

            Demo();
        }


        
void Demo()
        
{
            
/*
             * Thread - 用于线程的创建和控制的类
             *     Name - 线程名称
             *     IsBackground - 是否是后台线程(对于Silverlight来说,是否是后台线程没区别)
             *     Start(object parameter) - 启动后台线程
             *         object parameter - 为后台线程传递的参数
             *     IsAlive - 线程是否在执行中
             *     ManagedThreadId - 当前托管线程的唯一标识符
             *     ThreadState - 指定线程的状态 [System.Threading.ThreadState枚举]
             *     Abort() - 终止线程
             
*/


            
// DoWork 是后台线程所执行的方法(此处省略掉了委托类型)
            
// ThreadStart 委托不可以带参数, ParameterizedThreadStart 委托可以带参数
            System.Threading.Thread thread = new System.Threading.Thread(DoWork);
            thread.Name 
= "ThreadDemo";
            thread.IsBackground 
= true;
            thread.Start(
1000);

            result 
+= thread.IsAlive + "\r\n";
            result 
+= thread.ManagedThreadId + "\r\n";
            result 
+= thread.Name + "\r\n";
            result 
+= thread.ThreadState + "\r\n";

            
// thread.Join(); 阻塞调用线程(本例为主线程),直到指定线程(本例为thread)执行完毕为止

            
// 阻塞调用线程(本例为主线程)
            
// 如果指定线程执行完毕则继续(本例为thread执行完毕则继续)
            
// 如果指定线程运行的时间超过指定时间则继续(本例为thread执行时间如果超过5秒则继续)
            
// 返回值为在指定时间内指定线程是否执行完毕(本例中thread的执行时间为1秒,所以会返回true)
            if (thread.Join(5000)) 
            
{
                result 
+= "指定线程在5秒内执行完毕\r\n";
            }


            txtMsg.Text 
= result;
        }


        
void DoWork(object sleepMillisecond)
        
{
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep((
int)sleepMillisecond);

            result 
+= "新开线程执行完毕\r\n";
        }

    }

}



2、Timer.xaml
<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Thread.Timer"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="5">
    
        
<TextBlock x:Name="txtMsg" />
    
    
</StackPanel>
</UserControl>

Timer.xaml.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace Silverlight20.Thread
{
    
public partial class Timer : UserControl
    
{
        System.Threading.SynchronizationContext _syncContext;
        
// Timer - 用于以指定的时间间隔执行指定的方法的类
        System.Threading.Timer _timer;
        
private int _flag = 0;

        
public Timer()
        
{
            InitializeComponent();

            
// UI 线程
            _syncContext = System.Threading.SynchronizationContext.Current;

            Demo();
        }


        
void Demo()
        
{
            
// 输出当前时间
            txtMsg.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString() + "\r\n";

            
// 第一个参数:定时器需要调用的方法
            
// 第二个参数:传给需要调用的方法的参数
            
// 第三个参数:此时间后启动定时器
            
// 第四个参数:调用指定方法的间隔时间(System.Threading.Timeout.Infinite 为无穷大)
            _timer = new System.Threading.Timer(MyTimerCallback, "webabcd"30001000);
        }


        
private void MyTimerCallback(object state)
        
{
            
string result = string.Format("{0} - {1}\r\n", DateTime.Now.ToString(), (string)state);

            
// 调用 UI 线程。不会做自动线程同步
            _syncContext.Post(delegate { txtMsg.Text += result; }null); 

            _flag
++;
            
if (_flag == 5)
                _timer.Change(
5000500); // 执行5次后,计时器重置为5秒后启动,每5毫秒的间隔时间执行一次指定的方法
            else if (_flag == 10)
                _timer.Dispose(); 
// 执行10次后,释放计时器所使用的全部资源
        }

    }

}



3、BackgroundWorker.xaml
<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Thread.BackgroundWorker"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="5">

        
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" Margin="5">
            
<Button x:Name="btnStart" Content="开始" Margin="5" Click="btnStart_Click" />
            
<Button x:Name="btnCancel" Content="取消" Margin="5" Click="btnCancel_Click" />
        
</StackPanel>
        
        
<StackPanel Margin="5">
            
<TextBlock x:Name="txtProgress" Margin="5" />
            
<TextBlock x:Name="txtMsg" Margin="5" />
        
</StackPanel>

    
</StackPanel> 
</UserControl>

BackgroundWorker.xaml.cs
/*
 * 演示用 BackgroundWorker 在后台线程上执行耗时的操作
 * 按“开始”键,开始在后台线程执行耗时操作,并向UI线程汇报执行进度
 * 按“取消”键,终止后台线程
 * BackgroundWorker 调用 UI 线程时会自动做线程同步
 
*/


using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace Silverlight20.Thread
{
    
public partial class BackgroundWorker : UserControl
    
{
        
// BackgroundWorker - 用于在单独的线程上运行操作。例如可以在非UI线程上运行耗时操作,以避免UI停止响应
        System.ComponentModel.BackgroundWorker _backgroundWorker;

        
public BackgroundWorker()
        
{
            InitializeComponent();

            BackgroundWorkerDemo();
        }


        
void BackgroundWorkerDemo()
        
{
            
/*
             * WorkerSupportsCancellation - 是否支持在其他线程中取消该线程的操作
             * WorkerReportsProgress - 是否可以报告操作进度
             * ProgressChanged - 报告操作进度时触发的事件
             * DoWork - BackgroundWorker 调用 RunWorkerAsync() 方法时触发的事件。在此执行具体操作
             * RunWorkerCompleted - 操作完成/取消/出错时触发的事件
             
*/


            _backgroundWorker 
= new System.ComponentModel.BackgroundWorker();

            _backgroundWorker.WorkerSupportsCancellation 
= true;
            _backgroundWorker.WorkerReportsProgress 
= true;

            _backgroundWorker.ProgressChanged 
+= new System.ComponentModel.ProgressChangedEventHandler(_backgroundWorker_ProgressChanged);
            _backgroundWorker.DoWork 
+= new System.ComponentModel.DoWorkEventHandler(_backgroundWorker_DoWork);
            _backgroundWorker.RunWorkerCompleted 
+= new System.ComponentModel.RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler(_backgroundWorker_RunWorkerCompleted);
        }


        
private void btnStart_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
// IsBusy - 指定的 BackgroundWorker 是否正在后台操作
            
// RunWorkerAsync(object argument) - 开始在后台线程执行指定的操作
            
//     object argument - 需要传递到 DoWork 的参数
            if (!_backgroundWorker.IsBusy)
                _backgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync(
"需要传递的参数");
        }


        
private void btnCancel_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
// CancelAsync() - 取消 BackgroundWorker 正在执行的后台操作
            if (_backgroundWorker.WorkerSupportsCancellation)
                _backgroundWorker.CancelAsync();
        }


        
void _backgroundWorker_DoWork(object sender, System.ComponentModel.DoWorkEventArgs e)
        
{
            
/*
             * DoWorkEventArgs.Argument - RunWorkerAsync(object argument)传递过来的参数
             * DoWorkEventArgs.Cancel - 取消操作
             * DoWorkEventArgs.Result - 操作的结果。将传递到 RunWorkerCompleted 所指定的方法
             * BackgroundWorker.ReportProgress(int percentProgress, object userState) - 向 ProgressChanged 汇报操作的完成进度
             *     int percentProgress - 操作完成的百分比 1% - 100%
             *     object userState - 传递到 ProgressChanged 的参数
             
*/


            
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            
{
                
if ((_backgroundWorker.CancellationPending == true))
                
{
                    e.Cancel 
= true;
                    
break;
                }

                
else
                
{
                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(
1000);
                    _backgroundWorker.ReportProgress((i 
+ 1* 10, i);
                }

            }


            e.Result 
= "操作已完成";
        }


        
void _backgroundWorker_ProgressChanged(object sender, System.ComponentModel.ProgressChangedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
// ProgressChangedEventArgs.ProgressPercentage - ReportProgress 传递过来的操作完成的百分比
            
// ProgressChangedEventArgs.UserState - ReportProgress 传递过来的参数
            txtProgress.Text = string.Format("完成进度:{0}%;参数:{1}",
                e.ProgressPercentage,
                e.UserState);
        }


        
void _backgroundWorker_RunWorkerCompleted(object sender, System.ComponentModel.RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
/*
             * RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs.Error - DoWork 时产生的错误
             * RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs.Cancelled - 后台操作是否已被取消
             * RunWorkerCompletedEventArgs.Result - DoWork 的结果
             
*/


            
if (e.Error != null)
            
{
                txtMsg.Text 
+= e.Error.ToString() + "\r\n";
            }

            
else if (e.Cancelled)
            
{
                txtMsg.Text 
+= "操作被取消\r\n";
            }

            
else
            
{
                txtMsg.Text 
+= e.Result.ToString() + "\r\n";
            }

        }

    }

}



4、ThreadPool.xaml
<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Thread.ThreadPool"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="5">

        
<TextBlock x:Name="txtMsgQueueUserWorkItem" Text="click here" MouseLeftButtonDown="txtMsgQueueUserWorkItem_MouseLeftButtonDown" Margin="30" />

        
<TextBlock x:Name="txtRegisterWaitForSingleObject" Text="click here" MouseLeftButtonDown="txtRegisterWaitForSingleObject_MouseLeftButtonDown" Margin="30" />

    
</StackPanel>
</UserControl>

ThreadPool.xaml.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace Silverlight20.Thread
{
    
public partial class ThreadPool : UserControl
    
{
        
public ThreadPool()
        
{
            InitializeComponent();
        }


        
private void txtMsgQueueUserWorkItem_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
        
{
            
// ThreadPool - 线程池的管理类

            
// QueueUserWorkItem(WaitCallback callBack, Object state) - 将指定方法加入线程池队列
            
//     WaitCallback callBack - 需要在新开线程里执行的方法
            
//     Object state - 传递给指定方法的参数
            System.Threading.ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(DoWork, DateTime.Now);
        }


        
private void DoWork(object state)
        
{
            
// 作为线程管理策略的一部分,线程池在创建线程前会有一定的延迟
            
// 也就是说线程入队列的时间和线程启动的时间之间有一定的间隔

            DateTime dtJoin 
= (DateTime)state;
            DateTime dtStart 
= DateTime.Now;
            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(
3000);
            DateTime dtEnd 
= DateTime.Now;

            
// Dispatcher.BeginInvoke() - 在与 Dispatcher 相关联的线程上执行指定的操作。自动线程同步
            this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
            
{
                txtMsgQueueUserWorkItem.Text 
+= string.Format("\r\n入队列时间{0} 启动时间{1} 完成时间{2}",
                    dtJoin.ToString(), dtStart.ToString(), dtEnd.ToString());
            }
);
        }



        
private void txtRegisterWaitForSingleObject_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
        
{
            System.Threading.AutoResetEvent done 
= new System.Threading.AutoResetEvent(false);

            
// 为了传递 RegisteredWaitHandle 对象,要将其做一个封装
            RegisteredWaitHandlePacket packet = new RegisteredWaitHandlePacket();

            
// RegisterWaitForSingleObject - 注册一个 WaitHandle 。在超时或发信号的情况下对指定的回调方法做调用
            
// 第一个参数:需要注册的 WaitHandle
            
// 第二个参数:需要回调的方法(此处省略掉了委托类型)
            
// 第三个参数:传递给回调方法的参数
            
// 第四个参数:超时时间(到超时时间则调用指定的方法)
            
// 第五个参数:是否为一次调用(是到超时时间一次性调用指定的方法,还是每次超时时间后都调用指定的方法)
            packet.Handle = System.Threading.ThreadPool.RegisterWaitForSingleObject
                (
                    done,
                    WaitOrTimer,
                    packet,
                    
100,
                    
false
                );

            System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(
555);
            done.Set(); 
// 发出信号,调用 RegisterWaitForSingleObject 所指定的方法
        }


        
public void WaitOrTimer(object state, bool timedOut)
        
{
            RegisteredWaitHandlePacket packet 
= state as RegisteredWaitHandlePacket;

            
// bool timedOut - 是否是因为超时而执行到这里
            if (!timedOut) 
            
{
                
// 如果不是因为超时而执行到这里(即因为 AutoResetEvent 发出了信号而执行到这里),则注销指定的 RegisteredWaitHandle
                packet.Handle.Unregister(null);
            }


            
this.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(() =>
            
{
                txtRegisterWaitForSingleObject.Text 
+=
                    String.Format(
"\r\n是否收到信号:{0}", (!timedOut).ToString());
            }
);
        }

    }


    
/// <summary>
    
/// 封装了 RegisteredWaitHandle 的类
    
/// </summary>

    public class RegisteredWaitHandlePacket
    
{
        
public System.Threading.RegisteredWaitHandle Handle getset; }
    }

}



OK
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posted @ 2008-12-25 08:18  webabcd  阅读(5915)  评论(9编辑  收藏  举报