稳扎稳打Silverlight(20) - 2.0通信之WebClient, 以字符串的形式上传/下载数据, 以流的方式上传/下载数据

[索引页]
[源码下载]


稳扎稳打Silverlight(20) - 2.0通信之WebClient, 以字符串的形式上传/下载数据, 以流的方式上传/下载数据


作者:webabcd


介绍
Silverlight 2.0 详解WebClient,以字符串的形式上传、下载数据;以流的方式上传、下载数据
    WebClient - 将数据发送到指定的 URI,或者从指定的 URI 接收数据的类
        DownloadStringAsync(Uri address, Object userToken) - 以字符串的形式下载指定的 URI 的资源
        UploadStringAsync(Uri address, string data) - 以字符串的形式上传数据到指定的 URI。所使用的 HTTP 方法默认为 POST
        OpenReadAsync(Uri address, Object userToken) - 以流的形式下载指定的 URI 的资源
        OpenWriteAsync(Uri address, string method, Object userToken) - 打开流以使用指定的方法向指定的 URI 写入数据


在线DEMO
http://www.cnblogs.com/webabcd/archive/2008/10/09/1307486.html


示例
1、以字符串的形式和流的形式下载数据
WebClientDownload.xaml
<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Communication.WebClientDownload"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left" Orientation="Horizontal">
    
        
<StackPanel Margin="5" Width="200">
            
<TextBox x:Name="lblMsgString" Margin="5" />
            
<ProgressBar x:Name="progressBarString" Height="20" Margin="5" Minimum="0" Maximum="100" />
        
</StackPanel>
        
        
<StackPanel Margin="5" Width="200">
            
<TextBox x:Name="lblMsgStream" Margin="5" />
            
<ProgressBar x:Name="progressBarStream" Height="20" Margin="5" Minimum="0" Maximum="100" />
            
<Image x:Name="img" Margin="5" />
        
</StackPanel>
        
    
</StackPanel>
</UserControl>

WebClientDownload.xaml.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

using System.IO;

namespace Silverlight20.Communication
{
    
public partial class WebClientDownload : UserControl
    
{
        
// 用于演示以字符串的形式下载数据
        string _urlString = "http://localhost/Files/Demo.zip";

        
// 用于演示以流的形式下载数据
        string _urlStream = "http://localhost/Files/Logo.png";

        
public WebClientDownload()
        
{
            InitializeComponent();

            
// 演示字符串式下载
            DownloadStringDemo();

            
// 演示流式下载
            DownloadStreamDemo();
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 演示字符串式下载
        
/// </summary>

        void DownloadStringDemo()
        
{
            Uri uri 
= new Uri(_urlString, UriKind.Absolute);

            
/* 
             * WebClient - 将数据发送到指定的 URI,或者从指定的 URI 接收数据的类
             *     DownloadStringCompleted - 下载数据完毕后(包括取消操作及有错误发生时)所触发的事件
             *     DownloadProgressChanged - 下载数据过程中所触发的事件。正在下载或下载完全部数据后会触发
             *     DownloadStringAsync(Uri address, Object userToken) - 以字符串的形式下载指定的 URI 的资源
             *         Uri address - 需要下载的资源地址
             *         Object userToken - 用户标识
             
*/


            System.Net.WebClient clientDownloadString 
= new System.Net.WebClient();

            clientDownloadString.DownloadStringCompleted 
+= new DownloadStringCompletedEventHandler(clientDownloadString_DownloadStringCompleted);
            clientDownloadString.DownloadProgressChanged 
+= new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(clientDownloadString_DownloadProgressChanged);
            clientDownloadString.DownloadStringAsync(uri, 
"userToken");
        }


        
void clientDownloadString_DownloadProgressChanged(object sender, DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
/*
             * DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs.ProgressPercentage - 下载完成的百分比
             * DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs.BytesReceived - 当前收到的字节数
             * DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs.TotalBytesToReceive - 总共需要下载的字节数
             * DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs.UserState - 用户标识
             
*/


            lblMsgString.Text 
= string.Format("下载完成的百分比:{0}\r\n当前收到的字节数:{1}\r\n总共需要下载的字节数:{2}\r\n",
                e.ProgressPercentage.ToString() 
+ "%",
                e.BytesReceived.ToString(),
                e.TotalBytesToReceive.ToString());

            progressBarString.Value 
= (double)e.ProgressPercentage;
        }


        
void clientDownloadString_DownloadStringCompleted(object sender, DownloadStringCompletedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
/*
             * DownloadStringCompletedEventArgs.Error - 该异步操作期间是否发生了错误
             * DownloadStringCompletedEventArgs.Cancelled - 该异步操作是否已被取消
             * DownloadStringCompletedEventArgs.Result - 下载后的字符串类型的数据
             * DownloadStringCompletedEventArgs.UserState - 用户标识
             
*/


            
if (e.Error != null)
            
{
                lblMsgString.Text 
+= e.Error.ToString();
                
return;
            }


            
if (e.Cancelled != true)
            
{
                lblMsgString.Text 
+= string.Format("用户标识:{0}", e.UserState.ToString());
            }

        }




        
/// <summary>
        
/// 演示流式下载
        
/// </summary>

        void DownloadStreamDemo()
        
{
            Uri uri 
= new Uri(_urlStream, UriKind.Absolute);

            
/* 
             * WebClient - 将数据发送到指定的 URI,或者从指定的 URI 接收数据的类
             *     IsBusy - 指定的web请求是否正在进行中
             *     CancelAsync() - 取消指定的异步操作 
             *     OpenReadCompleted - 数据读取完毕后(包括取消操作及有错误发生时)所触发的事件。流的方式
             *     DownloadProgressChanged - 下载数据过程中所触发的事件。正在下载或下载完全部数据后会触发
             *     OpenReadAsync(Uri address, Object userToken) - 以流的形式下载指定的 URI 的资源
             *         Uri address - 需要下载的资源地址
             *         Object userToken - 用户标识
             
*/


            System.Net.WebClient clientDownloadStream 
= new System.Net.WebClient();

            
if (clientDownloadStream.IsBusy)
                clientDownloadStream.CancelAsync();

            clientDownloadStream.OpenReadCompleted 
+= new OpenReadCompletedEventHandler(clientDownloadStream_OpenReadCompleted);
            clientDownloadStream.DownloadProgressChanged 
+= new DownloadProgressChangedEventHandler(clientDownloadStream_DownloadProgressChanged);
            clientDownloadStream.OpenReadAsync(uri);
        }


        
void clientDownloadStream_DownloadProgressChanged(object sender, DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
/*
             * DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs.ProgressPercentage - 下载完成的百分比
             * DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs.BytesReceived - 当前收到的字节数
             * DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs.TotalBytesToReceive - 总共需要下载的字节数
             * DownloadProgressChangedEventArgs.UserState - 用户标识
             
*/


            lblMsgString.Text 
= string.Format("下载完成的百分比:{0}\r\n当前收到的字节数:{1}\r\n总共需要下载的字节数:{2}\r\n",
                e.ProgressPercentage.ToString() 
+ "%",
                e.BytesReceived.ToString(),
                e.TotalBytesToReceive.ToString());

            progressBarStream.Value 
= (double)e.ProgressPercentage;
        }


        
void clientDownloadStream_OpenReadCompleted(object sender, OpenReadCompletedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
/*
             * OpenReadCompletedEventArgs.Error - 该异步操作期间是否发生了错误
             * OpenReadCompletedEventArgs.Cancelled - 该异步操作是否已被取消
             * OpenReadCompletedEventArgs.Result - 下载后的 Stream 类型的数据
             * OpenReadCompletedEventArgs.UserState - 用户标识
             
*/


            
if (e.Error != null)
            
{
                lblMsgStream.Text 
+= e.Error.ToString();
                
return;
            }


            
if (e.Cancelled != true)
            
{
                System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapImage imageSource 
= new System.Windows.Media.Imaging.BitmapImage();
                imageSource.SetSource(e.Result);
                img.Source 
= imageSource;
            }

        }

    }

}


2、以字符串的形式和流的形式上传数据
REST.cs(WCF创建的用于演示以字符串的形式和流的形式上传数据的REST服务)
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Activation;

using System.ServiceModel.Web;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;

/// <summary>
/// 提供 REST 服务的类
/// 注:Silverlight只支持 GET 和 POST
/// </summary>

[ServiceContract]
[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode 
= AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
public class REST
{
    
/// <summary>
    
/// 用于演示返回 JSON(对象) 的 REST 服务
    
/// </summary>
    
/// <param name="name"></param>
    
/// <returns></returns>

    [OperationContract]
    [WebGet(UriTemplate 
= "User/{name}/json", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
    
public User HelloJson(string name)
    
{
        
return new User { Name = name, DayOfBirth = new DateTime(1980214) };
    }


    
/// <summary>
    
/// 用于演示返回 JSON(集合) 的 REST 服务
    
/// </summary>
    
/// <returns></returns>

    [OperationContract]
    [WebGet(UriTemplate 
= "Users/json", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
    
public List<User> HelloJson2()
    
{
        
return new List<User> 
        

            
new User(){ Name = "webabcd01", DayOfBirth = new DateTime(198011) },
            
new User(){ Name = "webabcd02", DayOfBirth = new DateTime(198022) },
            
new User(){ Name = "webabcd03", DayOfBirth = new DateTime(198033) },
        }
;
    }


    
/// <summary>
    
/// 用于演示返回 XML(对象) 的 REST 服务
    
/// </summary>
    
/// <param name="name"></param>
    
/// <returns></returns>

    [OperationContract]
    [WebGet(UriTemplate 
= "User/{name}/xml", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml)]
    
public User HelloXml(string name)
    
{
        
return new User { Name = name, DayOfBirth = new DateTime(1980214) };
    }


    
/// <summary>
    
/// 用于演示返回 XML(集合) 的 REST 服务
    
/// </summary>
    
/// <returns></returns>

    [OperationContract]
    [WebGet(UriTemplate 
= "Users/xml", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Xml)]
    
public List<User> HelloXml2()
    
{
        
return new List<User> 
        

            
new User(){ Name = "webabcd01", DayOfBirth = new DateTime(198011) },
            
new User(){ Name = "webabcd02", DayOfBirth = new DateTime(198022) },
            
new User(){ Name = "webabcd03", DayOfBirth = new DateTime(198033) },
        }
;
    }


    
/// <summary>
    
/// 用于演示以字符串的形式上传数据的 REST 服务
    
/// </summary>
    
/// <param name="fileName">上传的文件名</param>
    
/// <param name="stream">POST 过来的数据</param>
    
/// <returns></returns>

    [OperationContract]
    [WebInvoke(UriTemplate 
= "UploadString/?fileName={fileName}", Method = "POST", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
    
public bool UploadString(string fileName, Stream stream)
    
{
        
// 文件的服务端保存路径
        string path = Path.Combine("C:\\", fileName);

        
try
        
{
            
using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(stream))
            
{
                
// 将 POST 过来的被 Base64 编码过字符串传换成 byte[]
                byte[] buffer = Convert.FromBase64String(sr.ReadToEnd());

                
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))
                
{
                    
// 将文件写入到服务端
                    fs.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
                }

            }


            
return true;
        }

        
catch
        
{
            
return false;
        }

    }


    
/// <summary>
    
/// 用于演示以流的形式上传数据的 REST 服务
    
/// </summary>
    
/// <param name="fileName">上传的文件名</param>
    
/// <param name="stream">POST 过来的数据(流的方式)</param>
    
/// <returns></returns>

    [OperationContract]
    [WebInvoke(UriTemplate 
= "UploadStream/?fileName={fileName}", Method = "POST", ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
    
public bool UploadStream(string fileName, Stream stream)
    
{
        
// 文件的服务端保存路径
        string path = Path.Combine("C:\\", fileName);

        
try
        
{
            
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None))
            
{
                
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
                
int count = 0;

                
// 每 POST 过来 4096 字节的数据,往服务端写一次
                while ((count = stream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
                
{
                    fs.Write(buffer, 
0, count);
                }

            }


            
return true;
        }

        
catch
        
{
            
return false;
        }

    }

}


WebClientUpload.xaml
<UserControl x:Class="Silverlight20.Communication.WebClientUpload"
    xmlns
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x
="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
    
<StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left" Orientation="Horizontal">      
      
        
<StackPanel Margin="5" Width="200">
            
<TextBox x:Name="lblMsgString" Margin="5" />
            
<ProgressBar x:Name="progressBarString" Height="20" Margin="5" Minimum="0" Maximum="100" />
            
<Button x:Name="btnString" Content="上传文件(字符串的方式)" Margin="5" Click="btnString_Click" />
        
</StackPanel>
        
        
<StackPanel Margin="5" Width="200">
            
<TextBox x:Name="lblMsgStream" Margin="5" />
            
<ProgressBar x:Name="progressBarStream" Height="20" Margin="5" Minimum="0" Maximum="100" />
            
<Button x:Name="btnStream" Content="上传文件(流的方式)" Margin="5" Click="btnStream_Click" />
        
</StackPanel>
        
    
</StackPanel>
</UserControl>

WebClientUpload.xaml.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

using System.IO;
using System.Windows.Resources;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Windows.Browser;

namespace Silverlight20.Communication
{
    
public partial class WebClientUpload : UserControl
    
{
        
// 用于演示以字符串的形式上传数据
        string _urlString = "http://localhost:3036/REST.svc/UploadString/?fileName=";

        
// 用于演示以流的形式上传数据
        string _urlStream = "http://localhost:3036/REST.svc/UploadStream/?fileName=";

        
public WebClientUpload()
        
{
            InitializeComponent();
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 演示字符串式上传
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="sender"></param>
        
/// <param name="e"></param>

        private void btnString_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
string data = "";

            
/*
             * OpenFileDialog - 文件对话框
             *     ShowDialog() - 显示文件对话框。在文件对话框中单击“确定”则返回true,反之则返回false
             *     File - 所选文件的 FileInfo 对象
             
*/


            OpenFileDialog dialog 
= new OpenFileDialog();

            
if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            
{
                
using (FileStream fs = dialog.File.OpenRead())
                
{
                    
byte[] buffer = new byte[fs.Length];
                    fs.Read(buffer, 
0, buffer.Length);

                    
// 将指定的 byte[] 转换为字符串(使用Base64编码)
                    data = Convert.ToBase64String(buffer);
                }


                
/*
                 * WebClient - 将数据发送到指定的 URI,或者从指定的 URI 接收数据的类
                 *     UploadStringCompleted - 上传数据完毕后(包括取消操作及有错误发生时)所触发的事件
                 *     UploadProgressChanged - 上传数据过程中所触发的事件。正在上传或上传完全部数据后会触发
                 *     Headers - 与请求相关的的标头的 key/value 对集合
                 *     UploadStringAsync(Uri address, string data) - 以字符串的形式上传数据到指定的 URI。所使用的 HTTP 方法默认为 POST
                 *         Uri address - 接收上传数据的 URI
                 *         string data - 需要上传的数据
                 
*/


                System.Net.WebClient clientUploadString 
= new System.Net.WebClient();

                clientUploadString.UploadStringCompleted 
+= new UploadStringCompletedEventHandler(clientUploadString_UploadStringCompleted);
                clientUploadString.UploadProgressChanged 
+= new UploadProgressChangedEventHandler(clientUploadString_UploadProgressChanged);

                Uri uri 
= new Uri(_urlString + dialog.File.Name, UriKind.Absolute);
                clientUploadString.Headers[
"Content-Type"= "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";

                clientUploadString.UploadStringAsync(uri, data);
            }

        }


        
void clientUploadString_UploadProgressChanged(object sender, UploadProgressChangedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
/*
             * UploadProgressChangedEventArgs.ProgressPercentage - 上传完成的百分比
             * UploadProgressChangedEventArgs.BytesSent - 当前发送的字节数
             * UploadProgressChangedEventArgs.TotalBytesToSend - 总共需要发送的字节数
             * UploadProgressChangedEventArgs.BytesReceived - 当前接收的字节数
             * UploadProgressChangedEventArgs.TotalBytesToReceive - 总共需要接收的字节数
             * UploadProgressChangedEventArgs.UserState - 用户标识
             
*/


            lblMsgString.Text 
= string.Format("上传完成的百分比:{0}\r\n当前发送的字节数:{1}\r\n总共需要发送的字节数:{2}\r\n当前接收的字节数:{3}\r\n总共需要接收的字节数:{4}\r\n",
                e.ProgressPercentage.ToString(),
                e.BytesSent.ToString(),
                e.TotalBytesToSend.ToString(),
                e.BytesReceived.ToString(),
                e.TotalBytesToReceive.ToString());

            progressBarString.Value 
= (double)e.ProgressPercentage;
        }


        
void clientUploadString_UploadStringCompleted(object sender, UploadStringCompletedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
/*
             * UploadStringCompletedEventArgs.Error - 该异步操作期间是否发生了错误
             * UploadStringCompletedEventArgs.Cancelled - 该异步操作是否已被取消
             * UploadStringCompletedEventArgs.Result - 服务端返回的数据(字符串类型)
             * UploadStringCompletedEventArgs.UserState - 用户标识
             
*/


            
if (e.Error != null)
            
{
                lblMsgString.Text 
+= e.Error.ToString();
                
return;
            }


            
if (e.Cancelled != true)
            
{
                var jsonObject 
= System.Json.JsonObject.Parse(e.Result);
                
                lblMsgString.Text 
+= string.Format("是否上传成功:{0}",
                    (
bool)jsonObject);
            }

        }




        
/// <summary>
        
/// 演示流式上传
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="sender"></param>
        
/// <param name="e"></param>

        private void btnStream_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
        
{
            FileStream fs 
= null;

            OpenFileDialog dialog 
= new OpenFileDialog();

            
if (dialog.ShowDialog() == true)
            
{
                fs 
= dialog.File.OpenRead();

                
/*
                 * WebClient - 将数据发送到指定的 URI,或者从指定的 URI 接收数据的类
                 *     OpenWriteCompleted - 在打开用于上传的流完成时(包括取消操作及有错误发生时)所触发的事件
                 *     WriteStreamClosed - 在写入数据流的异步操作完成时(包括取消操作及有错误发生时)所触发的事件
                 *     UploadProgressChanged - 上传数据过程中所触发的事件。如果调用 OpenWriteAsync() 则不会触发此事件
                 *     Headers - 与请求相关的的标头的 key/value 对集合
                 *     OpenWriteAsync(Uri address, string method, Object userToken) - 打开流以使用指定的方法向指定的 URI 写入数据
                 *         Uri address - 接收上传数据的 URI
                 *         string method - 所使用的 HTTP 方法(POST 或 GET)
                 *         Object userToken - 需要上传的数据流
                 
*/


                System.Net.WebClient clientUploadStream 
= new System.Net.WebClient();

                clientUploadStream.OpenWriteCompleted 
+= new OpenWriteCompletedEventHandler(clientUploadStream_OpenWriteCompleted);
                clientUploadStream.UploadProgressChanged 
+= new UploadProgressChangedEventHandler(clientUploadStream_UploadProgressChanged);
                clientUploadStream.WriteStreamClosed 
+= new WriteStreamClosedEventHandler(clientUploadStream_WriteStreamClosed);

                Uri uri 
= new Uri(_urlStream + dialog.File.Name, UriKind.Absolute);
                clientUploadStream.Headers[
"Content-Type"= "multipart/form-data";

                clientUploadStream.OpenWriteAsync(uri, 
"POST", fs);
            }

        }


        
void clientUploadStream_UploadProgressChanged(object sender, UploadProgressChangedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
// 因为是调用 OpenWriteAsync(),所以不会触发 UploadProgressChanged 事件

            lblMsgString.Text 
= string.Format("上传完成的百分比:{0}\r\n当前发送的字节数:{1}\r\n总共需要发送的字节数:{2}\r\n当前接收的字节数:{3}\r\n总共需要接收的字节数:{4}\r\n",
                e.ProgressPercentage.ToString(),
                e.BytesSent.ToString(),
                e.TotalBytesToSend.ToString(),
                e.BytesReceived.ToString(),
                e.TotalBytesToReceive.ToString());

            progressBarStream.Value 
= (double)e.ProgressPercentage;
        }


        
void clientUploadStream_OpenWriteCompleted(object sender, OpenWriteCompletedEventArgs e)
        
{
            System.Net.WebClient client 
= sender as System.Net.WebClient;

            
if (e.Error != null)
            
{
                lblMsgStream.Text 
+= e.Error.ToString();
                
return;
            }


            
if (e.Cancelled != true)
            
{
                
// e.UserState - 需要上传的流(客户端流)
                Stream clientStream = e.UserState as Stream;

                
// e.Result - 目标地址的流(服务端流)
                Stream serverStream = e.Result;

                
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
                
int count = 0;

                
// clientStream.Read - 将需要上传的流读取到指定的字节数组中
                while ((count = clientStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
                
{
                    
// serverStream.Write - 将指定的字节数组写入到目标地址的流
                    serverStream.Write(buffer, 0, count);
                }


                serverStream.Close();
                clientStream.Close();
            }

        }


        
void clientUploadStream_WriteStreamClosed(object sender, WriteStreamClosedEventArgs e)
        
{
            
if (e.Error != null)
            
{
                lblMsgStream.Text 
+= e.Error.ToString();
                
return;
            }

            
else
            
{
                lblMsgStream.Text 
+= "上传完成";
            }

        }

    }

}


/*
 * 其他:
 * 1、WebClient 对象一次只能启动一个请求。如果在一个请求完成(包括出错和取消)前,即IsBusy为true时,进行第二个请求,则第二个请求将会抛出 NotSupportedException 类型的异常
 * 2、如果 WebClient 对象的 BaseAddress 属性不为空,则 BaseAddress 与 URI(相对地址) 组合在一起构成绝对 URI
 * 3、WebClient 类的 AllowReadStreamBuffering 属性:是否对从 Internet 资源接收的数据做缓冲处理。默认值为true,将数据缓存在客户端内存中,以便随时被应用程序读取
 
*/



OK
[源码下载]
posted @ 2008-12-08 08:52  webabcd  阅读(9521)  评论(62编辑  收藏  举报