乐在其中设计模式(C#) - 命令模式(Command Pattern)

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乐在其中设计模式(C#) - 命令模式(Command Pattern)


作者:webabcd


介绍
将一个请求封装为一个对象,从而使你可用不同的请求对客户进行参数化;对请求排队或记录请求日志,以及支持可取消的操作。


示例
有一个Message实体类,某个类对它的操作有Insert()和Delete()方法。现在要求可以对之前的所有操作做撤销和重复。



MessageModel
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Command
{
    
/// <summary>
    
/// Message实体类
    
/// </summary>

    public class MessageModel
    
{
        
/// <summary>
        
/// 构造函数
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="msg">Message内容</param>
        
/// <param name="pt">Message发布时间</param>

        public MessageModel(string msg, DateTime pt)
        
{
            
this._message = msg;
            
this._publishTime = pt;
        }


        
private string _message;
        
/// <summary>
        
/// Message内容
        
/// </summary>

        public string Message
        
{
            
get return _message; }
            
set { _message = value; }
        }


        
private DateTime _publishTime;
        
/// <summary>
        
/// Message发布时间
        
/// </summary>

        public DateTime PublishTime
        
{
            
get return _publishTime; }
            
set { _publishTime = value; }
        }

    }

}

Action
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Command
{
    
/// <summary>
    
/// enum
    
/// 定义操作的两种方法Insert和Delete
    
/// </summary>

    public enum Action
    
{
        
/// <summary>
        
/// Insert
        
/// </summary>

        Insert,

        
/// <summary>
        
/// Delete
        
/// </summary>

        Delete
    }

}


SqlMessage
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Command
{
    
/// <summary>
    
/// 接收者(Receiver)角色
    
/// Sql方式操作Message
    
/// </summary>

    public class SqlMessage
    
{
        
/// <summary>
        
/// 操作
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="action">操作的方法</param>
        
/// <param name="mm">Message实体对象</param>

        public void Operation(Action action, MessageModel mm)
        
{
            
switch (action)
            
{
                
case Action.Insert : 
                    Insert(mm); 
                    
break;
                
case Action.Delete :
                    Delete(mm);
                    
break;
            }

        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 插入Message
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="mm">Message实体对象</param>

        private void Insert(MessageModel mm)
        
{
            
// 代码略
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 删除Message
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="mm">Message实体对象</param>

        private void Delete(MessageModel mm)
        
{
            
// 代码略
        }

    }

}


ICommand
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Command
{
    
/// <summary>
    
/// 命令(Command)角色
    
/// </summary>

    public interface ICommand
    
{
        
/// <summary>
        
/// 执行
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <returns>操作的方法及操作的信息</returns>

        string Execute();

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 取消执行
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <returns>操作的方法及操作的信息</returns>

        string UnExecute();
    }

}


SqlMessageCommand
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Command
{
    
/// <summary>
    
/// 具体命令(ConcreteCommand)角色
    
/// </summary>

    public class SqlMessageCommand : ICommand
    
{
        
/// <summary>
        
/// 操作的方法
        
/// </summary>

        private Action _action;

        
/// <summary>
        
/// Message实体对象
        
/// </summary>

        private MessageModel _mm;

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 构造函数
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="action">操作的方法</param>
        
/// <param name="mm">Message实体对象</param>

        public SqlMessageCommand(Action action, MessageModel mm)
        
{
            
this._action = action;
            
this._mm = mm;
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 执行
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <returns>操作的方法及操作的信息</returns>

        public string Execute()
        
{
            
new SqlMessage().Operation(_action, _mm);

            
return _action.ToString() + "" + _mm.Message;
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 取消执行(调用一个方法,以决定取消执行的算法)
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <returns>操作的方法及操作的信息</returns>

        public string UnExecute()
        
{
            _action 
= GetUndoAction(_action);
            
new SqlMessage().Operation(_action, _mm);

            
return _action.ToString() + "" + _mm.Message;
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 获得取消执行的算法
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="action">操作的方法</param>
        
/// <returns></returns>

        private Action GetUndoAction(Action action)
        
{
            Action undo;

            
switch (action)
            
{
                
case Action.Insert : 
                    undo 
= Action.Delete; 
                    
break;
                
case Action.Delete :
                    undo 
= Action.Insert;
                    
break;
                
// 这句没啥用
                default :
                    undo 
= Action.Insert;
                    
break;
            }


            
return undo;
        }

    }

}


Message
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace Pattern.Command
{
    
/// <summary>
    
/// 请求者(Invoker)角色
    
/// </summary>

    public class Message
    
{
        
/// <summary>
        
/// 命令集合(保存每次操作)
        
/// </summary>

        private List<ICommand> _listCommand = new List<ICommand>();

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 命令集合中当前要执行的命令的索引
        
/// </summary>

        private int current = 0;

        
/// <summary>
        
/// 执行Sql
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="action">操作的方法</param>
        
/// <param name="mm">Message实体对象</param>
        
/// <returns>操作的方法及操作的信息</returns>

        public string Do(Action action, MessageModel mm)
        
{
            
string rtn = "";

            ICommand cmd 
= new SqlMessageCommand(action, mm);
            rtn 
= cmd.Execute();

            _listCommand.Add(cmd);
            current
++;

            
return rtn;
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 撤销
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="levels">执行撤销操作的次数</param>
        
/// <returns>操作的方法及操作的信息(用空格分开多条记录)</returns>

        public string Undo(int levels)
        
{
            
string rtn = "";

            
for (int i = 0; i < levels; i++)
            
{
                
if (current > 0)
                
{
                    ICommand cmd 
= _listCommand[--current];
                    rtn 
+= cmd.UnExecute() + " ";
                }

            }


            
return rtn;
        }


        
/// <summary>
        
/// 重复
        
/// </summary>
        
/// <param name="levels">执行重复操作的次数</param>
        
/// <returns>操作的方法及操作的信息(用空格分开多条记录)</returns>

        public string Redo(int levels)
        
{
            
string rtn = "";

            
for (int i = 0; i < levels; i++)
            
{
                
if (current < _listCommand.Count - 1)
                
{
                    ICommand cmd 
= _listCommand[current++];
                    rtn 
+= cmd.UnExecute() + " ";
                }

            }


            
return rtn;
        }

    }

}



client
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

using Pattern.Command;

public partial class Command : System.Web.UI.Page
{
    
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    
{
        Message m 
= new Message();

        Response.Write(
"操作");
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Insert, 
new MessageModel("第1条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Insert, 
new MessageModel("第2条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Insert, 
new MessageModel("第3条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Insert, 
new MessageModel("第4条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Delete, 
new MessageModel("第2条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Insert, 
new MessageModel("第5条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Delete, 
new MessageModel("第3条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Insert, 
new MessageModel("第6条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Do(Action.Insert, 
new MessageModel("第7条", DateTime.Now)));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(
"<br />");

        Response.Write(
"撤销4次操作");
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Undo(
4));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(
"<br />");

        Response.Write(
"重复2次操作");
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Redo(
2));
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(
"<br />");

        Response.Write(
"撤销3次操作");
        Response.Write(
"<br />");
        Response.Write(m.Undo(
3));
    }

}

运行结果
操作
Insert:第1条
Insert:第2条
Insert:第3条
Insert:第4条
Delete:第2条
Insert:第5条
Delete:第3条
Insert:第6条
Insert:第7条

撤销4次操作
Delete:第7条 Delete:第6条 Insert:第3条 Delete:第5条

重复2次操作
Insert:第5条 Delete:第3条

撤销3次操作
Insert:第3条 Delete:第5条 Insert:第2条


参考
http://www.dofactory.com/Patterns/PatternCommand.aspx


OK
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posted @ 2007-04-15 20:44  webabcd  阅读(5020)  评论(4编辑  收藏  举报