[Asp.net 5] Localization-Asp.net运行时多语言

本节介绍的是Microsoft.AspNet.Localization工程。该工程是运行在Asp.net 5环境中的运行时多语言设置。

ASP.net 5中间件技术

在新的Asp.net 5中,可以将组件组册到asp.net环境中。注册是通过接口IApplicationBuilder的扩展方法实现的。

 public static IApplicationBuilder UseMiddleware(this IApplicationBuilder builder, Type middleware, params object[] args)

[该扩展方法通过可变参数args传递所需要的参数以及外的RequestDelegate(delegate Task RequestDelegate(HttpContext context))类型(系统会在内部给该类型参数赋值)。创建Type(middleware)类型实例。之后调用Type(middleware)的Invoke方法,不过和构造函数不同的是,当Invoke方法参数大于一个时,参数全部来自于以来注入,而不是args]

通过IApplicationBuilder注入的中间件,必须有一个方法是Invoke,Invoke方法的参数是可变参数,长度不受限制,系统会从asp.net的反转控制中获取参数;系统之后会调用该Invoke方法。[此处有疑问:为啥不定义成包含invoke方法的接口,更加面向对象]

我们在Microsoft.AspNet.Localization工程中可以找到俩个类:

  • IApplicationBuilderExtensions 中间注册方法,在Microsoft.AspNet.Localization工程中的实现。
  • RequestLocalizationMiddleware 中间件类,是Microsoft.AspNet.Localization的入口。
    public static class IApplicationBuilderExtensions
    {
        public static IApplicationBuilder UseRequestLocalization([NotNull] this IApplicationBuilder builder)
        {
            var options = new RequestLocalizationOptions();

            return UseRequestLocalization(builder, options);
        }

        public static IApplicationBuilder UseRequestLocalization(
            [NotNull] this IApplicationBuilder builder,
            [NotNull] RequestLocalizationOptions options)
            => builder.UseMiddleware<RequestLocalizationMiddleware>(options);
    }
IApplicationBuilderExtensions
    public class RequestLocalizationMiddleware
    {
        private readonly RequestDelegate _next;
        private readonly RequestLocalizationOptions _options;
        
        public RequestLocalizationMiddleware([NotNull] RequestDelegate next, [NotNull] RequestLocalizationOptions options)
        {
            _next = next;
            _options = options;
        }

        public async Task Invoke([NotNull] HttpContext context)
        {
            var requestCulture = _options.DefaultRequestCulture ??
                new RequestCulture(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture);

            IRequestCultureProvider winningProvider = null;

            if (_options.RequestCultureProviders != null)
            {
                foreach (var provider in _options.RequestCultureProviders)
                {
                    var result = await provider.DetermineRequestCulture(context);
                    if (result != null)
                    {
                        requestCulture = result;
                        winningProvider = provider;
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }

            context.SetFeature<IRequestCultureFeature>(new RequestCultureFeature(requestCulture, winningProvider));

            SetCurrentThreadCulture(requestCulture);

            await _next(context);
        }

        private static void SetCurrentThreadCulture(RequestCulture requestCulture)
        {
#if DNX451
            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = requestCulture.Culture;
            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture = requestCulture.UICulture;
#else
            CultureInfo.CurrentCulture = requestCulture.Culture;
            CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture = requestCulture.UICulture;
#endif
        }
    }
RequestLocalizationMiddleware

注册前的参数RequestLocalizationOptions 

IApplicationBuilderExtensions中,我们对于中间件RequestLocalizationMiddleware注册时,需要传入RequestLocalizationOptions类型的实例,大多数时候传入的都是默认的无参实例。

我们看RequestLocalizationOptions类只有4个属性,代码如下:

public class RequestLocalizationOptions
    {
        public RequestLocalizationOptions()
        {
            DefaultRequestCulture = new RequestCulture(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture);

            RequestCultureProviders = new List<IRequestCultureProvider>
            {
                new QueryStringRequestCultureProvider { Options = this },
                new CookieRequestCultureProvider { Options = this },
                new AcceptLanguageHeaderRequestCultureProvider { Options = this }
            };
        }
        public RequestCulture DefaultRequestCulture { get; set; }
        public IList<CultureInfo> SupportedCultures { get; set; }
        public IList<CultureInfo> SupportedUICultures { get; set; }
        public IList<IRequestCultureProvider> RequestCultureProviders { get; set; }
    }
View Code

我们看到在无参的构造函数中,系统初始化了DefaultRequestCulture和RequestCultureProviders。系统会遍历RequestCultureProviders寻找适应的语言,当找不到合适的语言时,使用DefaultRequestCulture。

  • RequestCultureProviders:默认初始化三种多语言提供源:queryString、cookie、acceptHeader。
  • SupportedCultures:系统支持的语言
  • SupportedUICultures:系统支持的UI语言
  • DefaultRequestCulture:默认的语言源

[当我们需要自定义RequestCultureProvider时,我们有俩种方式,自定义类继承类RequestCultureProvider(或者直接继承接口IRequestCultureProvider),或者将CustomRequestCultureProvider注册到RequestCultureProviders中,并在CustomRequestCultureProvider类构造函数中注册Task<RequestCulture>方法]

注册时的顺序

系统是按照RequestLocalizationOptions中RequestCultureProviders的顺序获取合适的语言,如果没有则使用DefaultRequestCulture。默认情况,系统会根据queryString、cookie、acceptHeader(默认最多取前三项语言)的顺序读取<是短路算法>。

注册后的RequestCultureFeature

Asp.net5 的运行时环境Context可以注册不同类型的参数,所以系统最后注册了IRequestCultureFeature接口的实例。

 context.SetFeature<IRequestCultureFeature>(new RequestCultureFeature(requestCulture, winningProvider));

整体结构

整个工程的文件可以用以下结构表示:

posted @ 2015-06-01 16:59  [水&月]坟  阅读(1625)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报