框架----Django内置Admin

Django内置的Admin是对于model中对应的数据表进行增删改查提供的组件,使用方式有:

 1 依赖APP:
 2         django.contrib.auth
 3         django.contrib.contenttypes
 4         django.contrib.messages
 5         django.contrib.sessions
 6 
 7     模板的context_processors:
 8         django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth
 9         django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages
10 
11     中间件:
12         django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware 
13         django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware
Django Admin内部依赖

一、配置路由

1 urlpatterns = [
2         url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
3     ]

当前配置的路由可以创建一些路由映射关系:

/admin/
/admin/login/
/admin/logout/
/admin/password_change/
/admin/password_change/done/

/admin/app名称/model名称/
/admin/app名称/model名称/add/
/admin/app名称/model名称/ID值/history/
/admin/app名称/model名称/ID值/change/
/admin/app名称/model名称/ID值/delete/

二、定制Admin

在admin.py中只需要讲Mode中的某个类注册,即可在Admin中实现增删改查的功能,如:

1 admin.site.register(models.UserInfo)

但是,这种方式比较简单,如果想要进行更多的定制操作,需要利用ModelAdmin进行操作,如:

 1 方式一:
 2     class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
 3         list_display = ('user', 'pwd',)
 4  
 5     admin.site.register(models.UserInfo, UserAdmin) # 第一个参数可以是列表
 6      
 7  
 8 方式二:
 9     @admin.register(models.UserInfo)                # 第一个参数可以是列表
10     class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
11         list_display = ('user', 'pwd',)

ModelAdmin中提供了大量的可定制功能,如

1. list_display,列表时,定制显示的列。

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     list_display = ('user', 'pwd', 'xxxxx')
4  
5     def xxxxx(self, obj):
6         return "xxxxx"

2. list_display_links,列表时,定制列可以点击跳转。

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     list_display = ('user', 'pwd', 'xxxxx')
4     list_display_links = ('pwd',)

3. list_filter,列表时,定制右侧快速筛选。

 1 from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
 2  
 3 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
 4 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
 5     list_display = ('user', 'pwd')
 6  
 7     class Ugg(admin.SimpleListFilter):
 8         title = _('decade born')
 9         parameter_name = 'xxxxxx'
10  
11         def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
12             """
13             显示筛选选项
14             :param request:
15             :param model_admin:
16             :return:
17             """
18             return models.UserGroup.objects.values_list('id', 'title')
19  
20         def queryset(self, request, queryset):
21             """
22             点击查询时,进行筛选
23             :param request:
24             :param queryset:
25             :return:
26             """
27             v = self.value()
28             return queryset.filter(ug=v)
29  
30     list_filter = ('user',Ugg,)

4. list_select_related,列表时,连表查询是否自动select_related

5. 分页相关

1 # 分页,每页显示条数
2     list_per_page = 100
3  
4 # 分页,显示全部(真实数据<该值时,才会有显示全部)
5     list_max_show_all = 200
6  
7 # 分页插件
8     paginator = Paginator

6. list_editable,列表时,可以编辑的列

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     list_display = ('user', 'pwd','ug',)
4     list_editable = ('ug',)

7. search_fields,列表时,模糊搜索的功能

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3      
4     search_fields = ('user', 'pwd')

8. date_hierarchy,列表时,对Date和DateTime类型进行搜索

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3  
4     date_hierarchy = 'ctime'

9. preserve_filters,详细页面,删除、修改,更新后跳转回列表后,是否保留原搜索条件

10. save_as = False,详细页面,按钮为“Sava as new” 或 “Sava and add another”

11. save_as_continue = True,点击保存并继续编辑

1 save_as_continue = True
2  
3 # 如果 save_as=True,save_as_continue = True, 点击Sava as new 按钮后继续编辑。
4 # 如果 save_as=True,save_as_continue = False,点击Sava as new 按钮后返回列表。
5  
6 New in Django 1.10.

12. save_on_top = False,详细页面,在页面上方是否也显示保存删除等按钮

13. inlines,详细页面,如果有其他表和当前表做FK,那么详细页面可以进行动态增加和删除

1 class UserInfoInline(admin.StackedInline): # TabularInline
2     extra = 0
3     model = models.UserInfo
4  
5  
6 class GroupAdminMode(admin.ModelAdmin):
7     list_display = ('id', 'title',)
8     inlines = [UserInfoInline, ]

14. action,列表时,定制action中的操作

 1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
 2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
 3  
 4     # 定制Action行为具体方法
 5     def func(self, request, queryset):
 6         print(self, request, queryset)
 7         print(request.POST.getlist('_selected_action'))
 8  
 9     func.short_description = "中文显示自定义Actions"
10     actions = [func, ]
11  
12     # Action选项都是在页面上方显示
13     actions_on_top = True
14     # Action选项都是在页面下方显示
15     actions_on_bottom = False
16  
17     # 是否显示选择个数
18     actions_selection_counter = True

15. 定制HTML模板

1 add_form_template = None
2 change_form_template = None
3 change_list_template = None
4 delete_confirmation_template = None
5 delete_selected_confirmation_template = None
6 object_history_template = None

16. raw_id_fields,详细页面,针对FK和M2M字段变成以Input框形式

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3  
4     raw_id_fields = ('FK字段', 'M2M字段',)

17. fields,详细页面时,显示字段的字段

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     fields = ('user',)

18. exclude,详细页面时,排除的字段

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     exclude = ('user',)

19. readonly_fields,详细页面时,只读字段

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     readonly_fields = ('user',)

20. fieldsets,详细页面时,使用fieldsets标签对数据进行分割显示

 1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
 2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
 3     fieldsets = (
 4         ('基本数据', {
 5             'fields': ('user', 'pwd', 'ctime',)
 6         }),
 7         ('其他', {
 8             'classes': ('collapse', 'wide', 'extrapretty'),  # 'collapse','wide', 'extrapretty'
 9             'fields': ('user', 'pwd'),
10         }),
11     )

21. 详细页面时,M2M显示时,数据移动选择(方向:上下和左右)

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     filter_vertical = ("m2m字段",) # 或filter_horizontal = ("m2m字段",)

22. ordering,列表时,数据排序规则

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     ordering = ('-id',)
4 5     def get_ordering(self, request):
6         return ['-id', ]

23. view_on_site,编辑时,是否在页面上显示view on set

1 view_on_site = False
2 3 def view_on_site(self, obj):
4     return 'https://www.baidu.com'

24. radio_fields,详细页面时,使用radio显示选项(FK默认使用select)

1     
2 radio_fields = {"ug": admin.VERTICAL} # 或admin.HORIZONTAL

25. show_full_result_count = True,列表时,模糊搜索后面显示的数据个数样式

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     # show_full_result_count = True # 1 result (12 total)
4     # show_full_result_count = False  # 1 result (Show all)
5     search_fields = ('user',)

26. formfield_overrides = {},详细页面时,指定现实插件

 1 from django.forms import widgets
 2 from django.utils.html import format_html
 3  
 4 class MyTextarea(widgets.Widget):
 5     def __init__(self, attrs=None):
 6         # Use slightly better defaults than HTML's 20x2 box
 7         default_attrs = {'cols': '40', 'rows': '10'}
 8         if attrs:
 9             default_attrs.update(attrs)
10         super(MyTextarea, self).__init__(default_attrs)
11  
12     def render(self, name, value, attrs=None):
13         if value is None:
14             value = ''
15         final_attrs = self.build_attrs(attrs, name=name)
16         return format_html('<textarea {}>\r\n{}</textarea>',final_attrs, value)
17  
18  
19  
20 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
21 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
22  
23     formfield_overrides = {
24         models.models.CharField: {'widget': MyTextarea},
25     }

27. prepopulated_fields = {},添加页面,当在某字段填入值后,自动会将值填充到指定字段。

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3  
4     prepopulated_fields = {"email": ("user","pwd",)}

PS: DjangoAdmin中使用js实现功能,页面email字段的值会在输入:user、pwd时自动填充

28. form = ModelForm,用于定制用户请求时候表单验证

 1 from app01 import models
 2 from django.forms import ModelForm
 3 from django.forms import fields
 4  
 5  
 6 class MyForm(ModelForm):
 7     others = fields.CharField()
 8  
 9     class Meta:
10         model = models = models.UserInfo
11         fields = "__all__"
12  
13 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
14 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
15  
16     form = MyForm

29. empty_value_display = "列数据为空时,显示默认值"

1 @admin.register(models.UserInfo)
2 class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
3     empty_value_display = "列数据为空时,默认显示"
4  
5     list_display = ('user','pwd','up')
6  
7     def up(self,obj):
8         return obj.user
9     up.empty_value_display = "指定列数据为空时,默认显示"

 

posted @ 2017-09-06 16:52  ForeverPine  阅读(492)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
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